初二下Unit 10同步讲义（叶丽婷)

1、 精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：初二 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 叶丽婷授课类型T (unit10)C(现在完成时）T（综合练习）授课日期时段教学内容Ive had this bike for three years. 一、同步知识梳理1. -How long have you had that bike there?-I have had it for three years.归纳拓展：（1）how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久，多长（时间）。对时间段提问，如：for+时间段；since+过

2、去的时间点。e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For five years.How soon 多久以后。对“in+时间段提问，常用于一般将来时”，其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g. How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次，对频率提问，其答语为：once（twice/）+时间段，always，usually等。e.g. -How often do you exercise? - Once a day.How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g. -

3、How far is it from here to your school? - Three kilometers.（2）辨析：for 与sincefor其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态，表示动作或状态持续时间段长短。e.g. I have lived in this city for five years. 我在这座城市居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12个小时。since 其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（过去时），也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型：“It

4、 is +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。e.g. It is two years since I came to China. 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。 She has worked here for five years. =She has worked here since five years ago. 她在这儿工作5年了。即学即用：1. _haveyoubeenlearnEnglish.IhavebeenlearnEnglishforsixyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.Howfar2. _canyou

5、beready,Andy? -Intenminutes.AHowmuchBHowoftenCHowlongDHowsoon3. _yogurtdoyouneed?jgt酸乳酪_Threecups.A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howmuch4. XiaoWang,_willittaketoflytoGuangzhou? Sorry,Idonotknow.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howmanyD.howlong5.用for/since填空1）HehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.2）.Iveknownhim_wewer

6、echildren.3）OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_threeyears.4）Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_abouttenyears.5）Itsabouttenyears_sheleftthecity.参考答案：ADDD since/since/for/for/since2. Jeffs family is having a yard sale.归纳拓展：（1）sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are on sale

7、in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。即学即用：Wesellsthepen_agoodprice.Theyareon_for5yuan.Aat,sellBin,saleCwith,sellDat,sale参考答案：D3. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things.艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。归纳拓展：（1）it is adj.for sb. to do sth. 意为“对某人来说做某事是”； it is adj.of sb. to do sth. 意为“ 某人做某事，

8、”。 注：for sb. 与of sb. 的辨别方法： (2)for sb.句型中的形容词一般用表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。 of sb. 句型中的形容词一般用表示人物的性格，品德，或表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right 等。 (3)of sb. 句型中sb.为此句的逻辑主语，且此句可转换为动词不定式作状语的句子，如 It is nice of you to invite me to your party.You are nice

9、 to invite me to your party.for sb. 句型则不能作此转换。即学即用：(1)It is nice you to help me out of the trouble.(2)It is easy you to learn how to swim.（3）I often have hamburgers for lunch.-Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate参考答案：of/for/B4. We have already clear

10、ed out a lot of things from our bedrooms. 归纳拓展：（1）clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉（2） clear adj.晴朗的即学即用：If the sky is c ,there is no rains and no clouds.翻译：我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来参考答案：clear/Ill clear out that closet for you.5. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 归纳拓展：（1）no longer 意为

11、“不再；不复”，有时可用 not any longer 如：（2） no more “不再；不复”， 强调 次数上的不再，可以与 not anymore 替换 即学即用：He no longer lives here. = He here . 他不再住这儿了。I dont want to see you .我再也不想见到你了。My uncle has moved to Beijing. He doesnt live here _. A. at all B. any longerC. no moreD.any time参考答案：doesnt live/any longer/any more/B6

12、. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.归纳拓展：1) certain adj. 意为“某种的”。 e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。2） certain形容词，意为“确实的，无疑的”。常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做

13、某事 be certain +从句 一定3) part with 放弃、交出， part v. 离开， 分开即学即用：翻译：1.他对成功很有把握 2.不要放弃你的梦想参考答案：He felt quite certain of success./Dont part with your dream.7. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.归纳拓展：1) as for 至于，关于e.g. And as for us,

14、 we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest 为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。e.g. An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不会说谎。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while 还可

15、用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g. They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。即学即用：1. My best friend Tom is _ honest boy. You can believe him. A. a B. an C. the D. /2.用when或者while填空1）._Margowastalkingont

16、hephone,hersisterwalkedin.2）._wevisitedtheschool,thechildrenwereplayinggames.3）_Jakewaswaitingatthedoor,anoldwomancalledtohim.4）._IsawCarlos,hewaswearingagreenshirt.5）._Allenwascleaninghisroom,thephonerang.参考答案：B/1.while2.when3.while4.when5.while8.Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside

17、to search for work in the cities.归纳拓展：（1）Search用作不及物动词时，意为“搜索；搜查”。短语search for 意为“搜寻，找寻”。e.g. He is searching for his sunglasses. 他正在找他的太阳镜。 作及物动词，意为“在搜查”或“搜查”。e.g. They searched the forest for the lost child.他们在森林里寻找那个走失的小孩。即学即用：用search for/search的适当形式填空1.She is her pen.2.The police are the house t

18、o the boy.参考答案：searching/searching for,search9. Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father 归纳拓展：（1）among 在三者或三者以上之间,between 在两者之间 （2）a 46-year-old husband and father意为“一位46岁的丈夫和父亲”，相当于a husband and father of 46years old. four-year-old 是一个复合形容词，特点“一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。 e

19、.g. Tom is a 10-year-old boy.= Tom is a boy of 10 years old. 汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。 Lily is an 8-year-old girl. 莉莉是一个8岁的女孩即学即用：1.Tom sits the students. 汤姆坐在学生之间。 2.Tom sits Mary and Frank.汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间 3.I dont believe that this _boy can paint such a nice picture.A. five years old B. five-years-old C. five-yea

20、r-old参考答案：among/ between/C10. consider 动词，意为“考虑”，=think about，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。归纳拓展：（1）e.g. Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。 I am considering changing my job.我正在考虑换份工作。 He has never considered how to solve the problem他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。（2）在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语有： consider “考虑” enjoy “喜爱

21、” practice“练习” keep （on）“继续（一直）” mind “介意” finish“完成” have fun “高兴” feel like “想要” look forward to “盼望” cant help “禁不住” give up “放弃”歌诀：喜欢错过别介意，完成愉快勤练习，禁不住考虑想放弃即学即用：1. -Can you give me some information about vacation trips? - Why not _ going to Hainan Island? A. consider B. mind C. keep D. think 参考答案

22、：A 现在完成时复习：专题训练一、 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .before . A moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in

23、 the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school f or two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . ha

24、s ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go .

25、 do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sur

26、e .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is

27、. has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have t hey D. h

28、avent they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、 句型转换。 1、He has never

29、surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空） 4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother h

30、as been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 三、 汉译英。 1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一

31、封信。 3、 我父亲以前到过长城。 4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。 6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？ 参考答案： 一、单项选择。 1、 2、B 3、C 4、D 5、C 6、C 7、C 8、B 9、B 10、B 11、D 12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A 16、A 17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C 二、句型转换。 1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago 7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for

32、 ten minutes. 三、汉译英。 1、Jim has finished doing his home work already. He is free now. 2、He received a letter yesterday. 3、My father has been to the Great Wall before. 4、She hasnt seen the new film yet. 5、She has been to Shanghai. 6、Where has he been these days？一.单项选择( )1. Which do you like _， fish, m

33、eat or chicken?A. good B. betterC. best D. well( )2. I have _ money with me. Would you mind lending me some?Of course not.A. a few B. a littleC. few D. little( )3. You _ return the book now. You can keep it for another week.A. neednt B. mustntC. cant D. wont( )4. I lost my way _ a rainy night and my

34、 mother was quite worried _ me.A. on; with B. on; aboutC at; with D. at; about( )5. Excuse me. What did you say you would like to do, Miss White?I said I d better go back to the office. I _ someone this afternoon. A. would meet B. metC. am going to meet D. was meeting( )6. I made some mistakes at th

35、e dinner table last night. _. Ill tell you some table manners later. A. Never mind B. Of course C. Youre welcome D. Youre OK( )7. How long have you been collecting shells?_.(2010杭州)A. After I left schoolB. Before I moved hereC. When I went to the beachD. Since I was ten years old( )8. You come from

36、England, dont you? _. How do you know that？(2011金华)A. No, I do B. No, I dontC. Yes, I am D. Yes, I do( )9. Excuse me. I want to buy some stamps. Where can I find a post office?I know _ not far from here. You can easily find _.A. that; it B. it; oneC. one; it D. it; it( )10. Would you mind if I sit h

37、ere?_. Its for Miss Zhang. A. Better not B. Never mindC. Not at all D. Of course not 参考答案：CDABC ADDCA二完形填空Alicia was a young woman who liked to exercise for her health. In fact, she walked five kilometers before _1_every morning, and went swimming once a week at the swimming pool. She didnt smoke an

38、d never _2_. She didnt eat cho colate. She didnt eat sweet and fatty food, _3_. She weighed herself every day.One day Alicia was on her daily walk when she saw a _4_ sitting in a rocking chair under a tree. He looked very old and his hair was white. He looked thin and weak, and his hands were shakin

39、g，_5_ he looked very happy.He smiled at her and said, “Good morning! Lovely day, isnt it？” He had a wide smile _6_ his face, and his eyes shone with happiness. But Alicia saw that he did not have teeth.“Good morning！” replied Alicia. “Yes, it is a lovely day.”Alicia thought he _7_very old and wise.

40、She thought he must be at least 90 years old! She decided to ask him about the _8_ of a happy old age.”“I hope you dont _9_ me asking，” she said, “but what is your secret for being so happy at your age? I hope I can look as happy as you do _10_ I am your age.”The man in the rocking chair said, “My s

41、ecret for_11_？ I smoke twenty packets of cigarettes every week, and drink three bottles of wine every day. I eat hamburgers and chocolates whenever I want. I never eat vegetables. I never walk anywhere and I never play sports. I sit at home every day.”Alicia was _12_. She didnt expect the man to giv

42、e her an answer like that. She wondered how the man got to be so old when he did _13_ wrong. She thought he should be _14_ and unhappy. Perhaps she was wrong. Maybe, she thought, people could live a long happy life _15_ eating well or doing lots of exercise.“How old are you？” she asked.“Its my birth

43、day today，” said the man. “Im fortyseven！”( )1. A. lunch B. breakfastC. dinner D. supper( )2. A. exercised B. drankC. worked D. slept( )3. A. too B. alsoC. either D. still( )4. A. man B. womanC. boy D. girl( )5. A. so B. butC. and D. or( )6. A. in B. withC. at D. on( )7. A. saw B. lookedC. listened

44、D. found( )8. A. secret B. dreamC. plan D. future( )9. A. stand B. mindC. allow D. enjoy( )10. A. when B. sinceC. though D. for( )11. A. health B. successC. happiness D. life( )12. A. surprised B. worriedC. excited D. relaxed( )13. A. something B. anythingC. everything D. nothing( )14. A. angry B. s

45、eriousC. quiet D. sick( )15. A. through B. fromC. without D. By语篇解读：本文讲述一个注重饮食健康、也爱好晨炼的女孩见到一个“老人”，年龄虽大，看起来却很快乐的。通过交谈得知，这位不注重饮食和锻炼的“老人”却只有47岁。1. B。由时间状语“every morning”及常识可知，她是在每天早饭前进行散步五公里。2. B。第一段中介绍Alicia健康的生活方式和饮食习惯，所以这一句的意思是“她不吸烟也不喝酒”。3. C。either用于否定句句末；too用于肯定句句末；also用于肯定句句中。故选C。4. A。从下文的描述可知，he

46、 is a man。5. B。由上文：他看起来又瘦又弱，并且手一直在晃动，与后文的“happy”形成转折关系。6. D。on ones face在某人的脸上，是固定词组。7. B。look系动词，看起来，old and wise 做系动词look的表语。句意“他看起来年纪很大而且很博学。8. A。从下文“but what is your secret for being so happy at your age？” 可以判断用secret。9. B。句意：我希望你不要介意我的提问。mind sb.doing sth.介意某人做某事。stand意为“忍受，站立”； allow 意为“允许”；en

47、joy意为“享受”，这三项都不符合句意。10. A。句意：我希望当我在你这个年龄时。when 当时候，引导时间状语从句；since后面一般跟“过去时间”；“for时间段”往往用于完成时； though引导让步状语从句。11. C。根据上一段第二句话“whats your secret for being so happy at your age？”可以看出是“快乐的秘密”。happy的名词形式为happiness.故选C。12. A。由下文两句话可知，对于“老人”的回答，她很惊奇。13. C。词义辨析。根据倒数第四段中这位老人说的话，可以知道Alicia 认为他做的每一件事都对身体不好。14.

48、 D。Alicia认为这位老人的这种生活方式、饮食习惯会使他生病或不高兴。angry 生气的；serious严肃的；quiet 安静的；sick生病的。15. C。Alicia以为他90岁左右，她误以为不用吃的很好或不用进行很多的锻炼就能够长寿、快乐。三. 阅读理解When you are curious about something and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The following steps can guide you during the research.Ste