介词关系代词引导定语从句的几种情况

1、“介词+关系代词55引导定语从句的几种情况先来看课本第18单元语法部分的练习(人教高二下P61)中的几个句子：(1) The room in which we took the photos was very dusty.(3)ThefourancientChineseinventionsofwhichweareproudhaveremainedimportant in human history for thousands of years.上述三个定语从句中的关系代词前分别用了不同的介词，同学们对于定语从句中关系 代词、关系副词的选择可能不会感到什么困难，但对于“介词+关系代词”引导的定语

2、从 句中介词的选择却可能会感到迷惑。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句在近几年的高考 题中出现的频率颇高，而且变化多样，希望下文的总结能帮助同学们突破这一难关。、介词+关系代词which/whom"引导的定语从句正式语体中，关系代词作介词宾语，常常把介词置于关系代词which/whom之前；非 正式语体中，介词可置于从句末。介词的选择取决于其与作先行词的名词、代词的搭配或与 定语从句中谓语动词的搭配。有时候需要兼顾先行词和定语从句中的动词。【考例】 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest whe

3、n theyrembered the scenespeople were eaten by the tiger. (2005 广东卷)A. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that此题中的介词取决于前面的名词scenes构成in the scenes故选A。xx提示：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句要和“介词+疑问代词”引导的宾语从句区别 开。两种句子结构很相似，但亦有区别：“介词+关系代词5,前面是名词或代词，而“介词+疑问代词5,前面则是动词或形容词。【考例】They way he did it was differentwe were used to. （20

4、05 江西 卷）A. in whichB. in thatC. from whatD. from which该题很容易让同学们误选D,把它看成介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。be differentfrom是一形容词短语，what引导宾语从句作介词from的宾语，而 不是from which引导的定语从句，故选Co二'“介词+关系代词which +名词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中一般充当主语' 宾语或表语，有时候也可以充当定语。which 可以指代一个名词（词组）、一个短语，也可以指代整个句子。而which所修饰的名词（如 time,case, city等）是对先行词的

5、内容起概括作用的名词。【考例】Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003,he studiedveryhard and was made Chairman of the Students Union （. 2005 重庆卷）A. during which timeB. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that timewhich指代from 1999 to 2003这一短语的内容，time对前面 的短语from 1999 to 2003起概括作用。这一短语又表示在短时间内，故选A

6、。三' “th （e名词+ of +关系代词which"弓I导的非限制性定语从句这种结构中，of which充当定语，修饰前面的名词，整个结构相当于“whose+名词”引导的定语从句。【考彳列】 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,was very reasonable.（2000上海卷）A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose据题意，后文是对前面句中的名词an an cie nt Chi nesevase起补充说明的作用，故应是一个

7、非限制性定语从句，which -般不作定语，C项前如加一个连词and则成立，D 项结构不正确，故选B,相当于whose priceo四'“th+e形容词比较级（最高级）+ of+ which/whom"引导的非限制性定语从句【考例】 There are two buildings,stands nearly a hundred feet hight （. 2004湖北卷）A. the largerB. the larger of themC. the larger one thatD. the larger of which据题意，后部分是对前面名词two buildings

8、的补充说 明，同 学们很容易误选B项，错误在于忽略了两个简单分句之间应该有关联词。答案为 D,后咅盼相当于 and the larger ofthem stands nearly a hundred feet high。五、 代i司 most, some, many, few, neither 等 + of + 关系代i司 which/whomn 弓 I 导的非限制性定语从句这种结构常用来弓导非限制性定语从句，有时候也可把“o+f关系代词which/whom 5,置于代词前。【考例】I have many friends,_some arebusinessmen. （2005 全国卷 I ）A

9、. of themB. from whichC. who ofD. of whom据题意，后部分是对前句中的名词many frie nds起补充说明的作用，故选Do of whom弓导非限制性定语从句，相当于一个并列分句and some of them are businessmeno六' 数词+ of +关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句这种结构也常用来弓导非限制性定语从句，有时候也可以把“o+f关系代词which/whom ”置于数词前。数词包括百分数和基数词。【考彳列】 The factoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%aresold