2018届高三上学期英语第一次质检试卷真题

1、2018届高三上学期英语第一次质检试卷一、阅读理解1 .阅读理解Camels are large animals living in dry areas. There are two species of camels; the Arabian camel with a single hump from the dry desert areas of West Asia, and the Bactrian camel with two humps from Central and East Asia. Camels are over 7 feet tall and weigh over 1,6

2、00 pounds. They will live up to 40 to 50 years. Most camels are domesticated and fed by people. Camels are plant-eaters .Camels are very strong animals with wide, padded feet. They have thick leathery pads on their knees and chest. Camels have nostrilsthat can open and close, protecting them from th

3、e desert environment. Bushy eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes protect their eyes from sand. Their mouth is extremely tough, allowing camels to eat thornydesert plants. Their widened feet help them move without sinking into the sand. Their thick coats reflect sunlight, and also protect them fro

4、m the intense heat from desert sand. Their long legs help by keeping them further from the hot ground .Camels can go without food and water for 3 to 4 days. They do not store water in their humps as is commonly believed . The humps are actually a container of fat. Camels are incredibly well-adapted

5、to their environmentWhen conditions heat up, camels can increase their own body temperature, which prevents sweating and therefore water loss. They may not sweat at all during the day .Camels are sometimes called "ships of the desert“ because people ride them around the hotz dry deserts of the

6、world However; the number of camels is becoming smaller for various reasons .(1) According to the passage, camels usually live in.A . AsiaB . AfricaC . AmericaD . Australia(2 ) Paragraph 2 is mainly about.A camels are useful animalsB . camels are clever animalsC . camels' body structure and func

7、tionD . camels, characteristics and habits(3 )The reason why camels lose little water in deserts is that they.A . get water from green foodsB . can adjust their temperatureC . store enough water in the humpsD . can manage without water(4 )What will the author probably talk about following the last p

8、aragraph?A Ways to protect camels . B . Habitats of camels . C . Reasons for raising camels D . Functions of camels .2.阅读理解New Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world, spanning an area of 620,000 sq km.The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary will be one of the world7 s most s

9、ignificant fully protected ecosystems, the prime minister of New Zealand, John Key, told the UN General Assembly in New York.The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 km north-east of New Zealand, and expands a marine reserve that surrounds some small islands. The area is considered i

10、mportant in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the world7 s seven sea turtle species. It is also geologically significant, including the world7 s longest chain of underwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench, into 10

11、km underwater deeper than Mount Everest7 s height The scale of the sanctuary will dwarf any previous New Zealand' s protected area, spanning twice the size of the country1 s mainland. It will cover 15% of New Zealand7 s economic zone.Commercial and recreational fishing will be completely banned,

12、 as will oil, gas and mineral prospecting , exploration and mining. Key' s government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year.“The sanctuary is a world-class, unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to protect it for future generations/ Key said/ New Zealander

13、s value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably. Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries, but those of our Pacific neighbors, adding to New Zealand' s efforts to help gro

14、w Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources/Nick Smith, New Zealand7 s environment minister; said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place/ New Zealand needs to use its

15、vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing, aquaculture, minerals and energy, but we also need to set aside special areas where nature comes first and marine life is fully protected/ Smith said.New Zealand will monitor the area via its navy and satellite technology. The Ker

16、madec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US, the UK and Australia.Matt Rand, director of the Pew Charitable Trusts7 Global Ocean Legacy campaign, welcomed Key' s announcement/ New Zealand will create the gold standard of conservation areas in the sanctuary, pr

17、eserving one of the few ly unspoiled areas of ocean on Earth/ he said/ This commitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30% of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves/(1) Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity?A . It has a superio

18、r geographical location.B . It has many different kinds of sea animals.C . Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life.D . It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth.(2 ) Which of the following will Key probably agree on?A People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctua

19、ry.B All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources.C New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary.D New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas.(3 ) What can we infer from what Nick Smith said?A . New Zealand should develop its marine in

20、dustry in special areas.B . TheKermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealand7 s mining industry.C . New Zealand hasn' t figured out how to make full use of its ocean resources.D . Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after explorations.3.阅读理解Youz re not doomed to toss and

21、turn every night. Although you might not be able to control all of the factors that relate to your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple sleep tips.No. 1: Stick to a sleep scheduleGo to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends, holidays a

22、nd days off. Being consistent reinforces （力口弓虽） your body' s sleep-wake cycle and helps promote better sleep at night If you don' t fall asleep within about 15 minutes, get up and do something relaxing. Go back to bed when you' re tired.No. 2: Pay attention to what you eat and drinkDon&#

23、39; t go to bed either hungry or stuffed. Your discomfort might keep you up. Also limit how much you drink before bed, to prevent disruptive middle-of-the-night trips to the toilet Nicotine, caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine which take hours

24、to wear off can ruin quality sleep.No. 3: Create a bedtime ritualDo the same things each night to tell your body it s time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower; reading a book, or listening to light music. Be careful of using the TV or other electronic devices as part of you

25、r bedtime ritual. Some research suggests that screen time or other media use before bedtime has impact on sleep.No. 4: Get comfortableCreate a room that7 s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means coolz dark and quiet. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an

26、environment that suits your needs.Your mattress and pillow can contribute to better sleep, too. Since the features of good bedding are subjective, choose what feels most comfortable to you. If you have children or pets, set limits on how often they sleep with you 一or insist on separate sleeping quar

27、ters.No. 5: Limit daytime napsLong daytime naps can affect nighttime sleep especially if you' re struggling with poor sleep quality at night If you choose to nap during the day, limit yourself to about 10 to 30 minutes and make it during the mid-afternoon.If you work nights, you' II need to

28、make an exception to the rules about daytime sleeping. In this case, keep your window coverings closed so that sunlight which adjusts your internal clock doesn' t interrupt your daytime sleep.No. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routineRegular physical activity can promote better sleep

29、, helping you to fall asleep faster and to enjoy deeper sleep. Timing is important, though. If you exercise too close to bedtime, you might be too energized to fall asleep. If this seems to be an issue for you, exercise earlier in the day.No. 7: Manage stressWhen you have too much to do and too much

30、 to think about your sleep is likely to suffer. To help restore peace to your life, consider healthy ways to manage stress. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and dividing tasks. Give yourself permission to take a break when you need one. Share a good laugh with an

31、old friend.Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. Identifying and treating any underlying causes can help you get the better sleep you deserve.(1) Which of the following is helpful to have quality sleep at night?A . listening to

32、 light music before bedB . working out in the gym only in the day timeC . using expensive pillows that sell wellD . drinking lots of water instead of coffee before bed(2 ) Which of the following sleep tips is not mentioned in the passage?A Control your daytime sleep time.B . Adopt healthy ways to ha

33、ndle stress.C . Follow a flexible sleep timetable.D . Schedule your daily physical activities.(3 ) According to the passage, in what situation do you need to contact your doctor?A You can not nap in the day time.B . You frequently have trouble sleeping.C You do not fall asleep within 15 minutes.D .

34、You have too much to think about before bed.（4 ） What s the purpose of this passage?A . To provide advice on promoting better sleep at night.B . To inform readers of different sleep habits before bed.C . To offer tips on various relaxing activities before bed.D . To convince readers of the importanc

35、e of quality sleep at night.4.阅读理解Greece1 s finance minister says his country1 s financial situation is “terribly urgent" and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss the final 7.2bn tranc

36、he of Greece* s 240bn EU/IMF bailout.Ministers said Greece had made z/progress'7 but more work was needed.The Greek government is struggling to meet its payment obligations （责 任）.Earlier; Greece began the transfer of 750m in debt interest to the International Monetary Fund - a day ahead of a pay

37、ment deadline.“The liquidity （资产性）issue is a terribly urgent issue. It s common knowledge, let' s not beat around the bush/ Mr Varoufakis told reporters in Brussels. "From the perspective of timing, we are talking about the next couple of weeks/Greece has until the end of June to reach a re

38、form deal with its international creditors. Its finances are running so low that it has had to ask public bodies for help. The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default （违约）on its debts and leave the euro.In a statement the eurozone finance ministers said they "welcomed the progr

39、ess that has been achieved so far“ in the negotiations/ but added: We acknowledged that more time and effort are needed to bridge the gaps on the remaining open issues? Eurogroup chairman Jeroen Dijsselbloem said there had to be a full deal on the bailout （紧急财务援助）before Greece received any further p

40、ayments. "There are time constraints and liquidity constraints and hopefully we will reach an agreement before time runs out and before money runs out? he said.There had been fears that Greece would default on its IMF debt repayment due on Tuesday. However; a Greek finance ministry official was

41、 quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed （实施） on Monday. Almost lbn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May.It is unclear how the government came up with the funds, but the mayor of Greece' s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week

42、that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.（1） What is Yanis Varoufakis?A . He is Greece1 s finance minister.B . He is an expert in the eurozone.C . An official of the International Monetary Fund.D . He is Eurogroup chairman.（2 ） Which of the following could be the wors

43、t result if Greece defaulted on its debts?A The International Monetary Fund would cancel the debt of Greece.B .The EU would help Greece rebuild its financial system.C . Greece might have to leave the eurozone.D . The eurozone would accept Greece.(3 ) Which of the following is the best title of the p

44、assage?A The EU Get Challenged.B The International Monetary Fund Reform.C . The EU Face Economic Crisis.D . Greece Two Weeks from Cash Crisis(4 ) What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A . People fear that the International Monetary Fund can' t pay Greece for debt repayment.B . Greece su

45、cceeded in paying interest payments to the IM EC . It is unclear how the government came up with the funds.D . The mayor of Greece7 s third city handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.二、七选五5 .选择合适的选项补全短文。A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to th

46、e oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference .Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways. After a while, it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacte

47、ria or natural processes. Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.That means harmful material may get into our food supply.Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it They can use fewer single use produc

48、t containers and throw plastics away correctly. Plastic recycling programs also workswhere old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products. We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish t。, rather than end it after the first use. We could, whe

49、n we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics. And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use. By putting a new value on plastic, industry

50、 has a special reason to clean up the environment.But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem-A. Then, fish may eat the plastics.B. But people can make a big difference.C. Plastics should be gathered together and reused.D. It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.E. It a

51、sks for them to better measure and control plastic use.F. The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.G. The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.三、完形填空6 .完形填空When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our footballteam- Th

52、at meant IMiller King, who was the best 2at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out I carried my football everywhere for 3.Just before September; Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 4. He looked very 5,

53、 but he didnz t cry.That season, I 6all of Miller7 s records while he 7the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player;8I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller' s 9.One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller lOgoing over

54、 a fencewhich wasnz t llto climb if you had both arms. Y m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 12from. But even that challenge he accepted. 113him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally Won the other side, he said to me, Z/You know, I didn' t tell you this durin

55、g the season, but you did 15.Thank you for filling in for 167His words freed me from my bad 17. I thought to myself how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 18ahead of me. I was right to have 19him. From that day on, I grew 20and a little more real.(1) A . ch

56、eering forB . beating outC relying onD . staying with ( 2 ) A . coachB . studentC . teacherD . player ( 3 ) A . practiceB . showC . comfortD . pleasure ( 4 ) A . schoolB . vacationC . hospitalD . training ( 5 ) A. paleB . calmC . relaxedD . ashamed ( 6 ) A . heldB brokeC . setD . tried ( 7 ) A . rep

57、ortedB . judgedC . organizedD . watched ( 8 ) A . andB . thenC butD . thus ( 9 ) A .decisionB . mistakeC . accidentD sacrifice ( 10 ) A . stuckB . hurtC . tiredD . lost (11) A . steadyB hardC . funD . fit ( 12 ) A . praiseB . adviceC assistanceD .apology ( 13 ) A . letB . helpedC . hadD . noticed (

58、14 ) A . droppedB . readyC . trappedD . safe ( 15 ) A . fineB . wrongC . quicklyD . normally ( 16 ) A . usB . yourselfC . meD . them ( 17 ) A . memoriesB . ideasC . attitudesD . dreams ( 18 ) A stillB . alsoC . yetD Just ( 19 ) A . challengedB . curedC . invitedD . admired (20 ) A . healthierB . big

59、gerC . clevererD . cooler 四、短文填空7 .语法填空Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway histalk, the speaker stopped and decided a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon a marker pen. Then all the balloonsand put