C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案

1、C语言程序设计习题解答沈国荣隋雪莉闵芳目录第1章C语言程序设计概述 2第2章数据类型及其运算3第3章语句与输入输出 4第4章选择结构程序设计6第5章循环结构程序设计9第6章数组.12第7章函数.15第8章 编译预处理 1.8第9章指针19第10章 结构体与共用体 22第11章位运算26第12章文件操作27a第1章C语言程序设计概述、选择题12345678910CBACCBDBDA二、填空题1. 函数、main()函数2. /*、*/3. .C、.OBJ、.EXE4. 顺序结构、选择结构、循环结构三、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()pri

2、ntf("(学校名称)n");printf( " () n");return 0 ;2 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()printf("(学校名称)n () n");return 0 ;第2章数据类型及其运算、选择题12345CCCAB1112131415CADDD678910ADDC、BB1617181920CDC注：第5题B选项为：'''017''t'二、填空题1. 字母、数字、下划线2. 1、4、4、83. -164. 3.55. 0

3、6. 97. 68. -609. y%2=110. 1、0、1三、程序阅读题1. b2. 03. 04. 10,25. 9,10,9,106. 3,1,0,07. 3,20,30,1第3章语句与输入输由、选择题12345678910BCCCCBBBDA二、填空题1. 123.472. D3. 回车4. 10,2三、程序阅读题1. 2612. 203. 201,104. y=4630y=46305. *3.140000,3.142*6. c:dec=120,oct=170,hex=78,ASCII=x7. x=1 y=2 *sum*=310 squared is : 1008. 2 48 20.

4、2 20.29. x+y+z=4810. 55, ,A四、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()char ch;printf("请输入一个字符：n");scanf("%c",&ch);printf("%c 的 ASCII 码为：dn", ch,ch); return 0 ;2 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>#define PI 3.1416int main()double r, h;double cl,cs,cv;printf（"请输入

5、圆的半径："）;scanf（"%lf", &r）;printf（"请输入圆柱高："）；scanf（"%lf", &h）;cl=2*PI*r;cs=PI*r*r;cv=PI*r*r*h;printf（"圆的周长为：%.4lfn", cl）;printf（"圆的面积为：%.4lfn", cs）;printf（"圆柱的体积为：%.4lfn", cv）;return 0 ;3.【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main（）in

6、t splitInt,one,ten,hundred;printf（"输入要处理的整数："）;scanf（"%d",&splitInt）;hundred = splitInt/100;ten = splitInt%100/10;one = splitInt%10;printf（"个位:%d 十位:%d 百位:%dn",one,ten,hundred）; return 0 ;第4章选择结构程序设计、选择题123456DCCBBD二、程序阅读题1. io2. 2,2,23. 64. 97,b5. c=-16. 88887. 20,

7、08. 2,19. 1,12,22,1-2,210. a=1,b=3三、程序完善题1 . a>b、c>x四、编程题2 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int a, b, c,d,min;printf("输入4个整数：");scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);if(a < b) min = a;else min = b;if(c < min) min=c;if(d<min) min=d;printf("%d'

8、;n",min);return 0 ;3 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int num,a,b,c,d;printf("请输入一个四位整数：");scanf("%d",&num);a=num/1000;b=num%1000/100;c=num%100/10;d=num%10;printf("各位数字之和为：dn",a+b+c+d);return 0 ;4 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int x;printf(&quo

9、t;请输入 x：");scanf("%d",&x);printf("y 的值为：")；if(x<0)printf("%dn",x);else if(x<50)printf("%dn",3*x-2);else if(x<100)printf("%dn",4*x+1);elseprintf("%dn",5*x);return 0 ;5 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int dj;float zl

10、,je,yfk;printf("请输入等级(14):");scanf("%d",&dj);if (dj>4|dj<1)printf("无此等级的苹果！n");return 0;printf("请输入重量(公斤)：")；scanf("%f",&zl);printf("n");switch (dj)case 1:je=5.5*zl;break;case 2:je=4.3*zl;break;case 3:je=3.0*zl;break;case 4:je

11、=2.5*zl;break;printf（"您选择苹果级另ij : %d级n",dj）;printf（"您购买苹果重量：%.2f公斤n",zl）;printf（"您应付金额为：.2f元n",je）;printf（"n"）;printf（"顾客所付金额："）；scanf（"%f",&yfk）;if （yfk<je）printf（"Data Error!n"）;return 0;printf（"应找您:%.2f元n",yfk-

12、je）;return 0 ;第5章循环结构程序设计、选择题12345678(1)8(2)91011CBBBABBBCDCB二、程序阅读题1.1,2,02 . m=4,n=23. A2C4E64. 1325. 46. k=0,m=57. x=88. 1.69. 998988三、程序完善题1.(ch > 'Z' && ch <= 'Z' + 4 ) |(ch > 'z')ch - 262.kk/10continue3.i + t* 10s = s + t4.fabs( t ) >= 1e-6f = -f5.i&

13、lt;10j%3 !=0四、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int n , i , j , k ；printf( "Output : n");for(n = 100 ; n < 1000 ; n+ )1 = n % 10 ; /* 个位 */j = ( n / 10 ) % 10 ;/* 十位 */k = n / 100 ;/* 百位 */if ( n = i * i * i + j * j * j + k * k * k ) printf( "%dn" , n );return 0 ;2

14、.【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main ()int i , m , n , t , p , k ;printf( "Please input:");scanf ( "%d,%d" , &m , &n );if( m < n )t = n ;n = m ;m = t ;p = m * n ;while ( n != 0 )/*余数不为0,继续相除，直到余数为 0 */i = m % n ;m = n ;n = i ;k = p / m ;printf( "%d,%dn" , m

15、 , k );return 0 ;3 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int i , n , t , sum ;t = 1 ;sum = 0 ;printf( "Please input: n =");scanf( "%d" , &n );for( i = 1 ; i <= n ; i+ )t = t * i ;sum = sum + t ;printf( "1!+2!+ +%d!= %dn" , n , sum );return 0 ;4 .【参考代码】#include&

16、lt;stdio.h>int main()int i , m ;double sum = 0 , k = 1 ;printf( "Please input : m=");scanf( "%d" , &m );for( i = 1 ; i <= m ; i+ )sum = sum + k / i ;k = -k ;printf( "sum=%4.2fn" , sum );return 0 ;第6章数组、选择题12345678910111213141516DDDBCCBCCDDBDDCD、程序阅读题1 82 43 0,

17、24 125 t*M6 mo7 fwo三、程序完善题1 k = ij = iak = maxaj = min2 sum += scoreiscorei<avg3 si = si + aijprintf( "n");4 j = strlen( str )- 1 strj = k5 ( c = getchar( ) ) != '#' numc-'A' += 1四、编程题1.【参考代码】 #include<stdio.h>#define N 5 int main()int aN , i , j , r , temp ;printf

18、( "Please input %d numbersn" , N );for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ )scanf( "%d” , &ai);for( i = 0 ; i < N - 1 ; i+ )r = i ;for( j = i + 1 ; j < N ; j+ )if( aj < ar) r = j ； if( r != i )temp = ar;ar = ai； ai = temp ;aprintf( "The array after sort:n");for( i = 0 ; i &l

19、t; N ; i+ )printf( "%5d" , ai);printf( "n");return 0 ;2.【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int a10 = 1 , 2,3,6,7,8,9 ,10 ;int x , j , k = 0 ;printf( "Please input :x=");scanf( "%d" , &x);if( x > a7)a8 = x ;elsefor( j = 0 ; j < 8 ; j+ )if( x <

20、aj)break ;for(k = 8 ; k > j ; k-)ak = ak - 1;aj = x ;for( j = 0 ; j < 9 ; j+ )printf( "%5d" , aj);printf( "n");return 0 ;3 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()int a55 = 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24;int i , j ,sum = 0 ;for ( i = 0 ; i

21、< 5 ; i+ )for ( j = 0 ； j < 5 ； j+)printf( "%4d" , a皿);printf( "n");for( i =0 ;i < 5 ; i+ ) sum += aii;printf( " sum=%4dn" , sum );return 0 ;4 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()char s1100 , s230;int i ,j ;printf( "Please input s1:");gets( s1 );p

22、rintf( "Please input s2:");gets( s2 );for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ );for( j = 0 ; s2j != '0' j+ , i+ )s1i = s2j;s1i = '0'printf( "Outputns1:");puts( s1 );return 0 ;5 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()char s1100;int i ;printf( "Please input s1:&q

23、uot;);gets( s1 );for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ );printf( "The length of s1 is %dn" ,i );return 0 ;a第7章函数、选择题123456789101112131415BDDABBCBDDAADDA、程序阅读题1 max is 22 a=1,b=23 1 114a=11,b=12,c=25 66 7897 8 178 0 1 2 0 12三、程序完善题1 float area ( float r )return s2 z = fun( x , y )z = z * x3

24、count =fun( score )count+四、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()void f(int n);int n ;printf( "Please input: n=");scanf( "%d" , &n ); if( n <= 0)printf( "Wrong number!n");else f( n )；return 0 ;void f(int n)if( n % 2 = 1 )printf( "%d is a odd number.n&

25、quot; , n ); elseprintf( "%d is a even number.n" , n );2 .【参考代码】#include < stdio.h >a#include < math.h >int main()void f( int m );int m ;printf( "Please input: m=");scanf( "%d" , &m );f( m )；return 0 ;void f( int m )int i , k ;k = sqrt( m );for(i = 2 ; i

26、 <= k ; i+ )if( m % i = 0 ) break;if (i >= k + 1 )printf( "%d is a Prime Number.n" , m );elseprintf( "%d is not a Prime Number.n" , m );3.【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int gys( int m , int n )int r ;r = m % n ;while( r != 0 )m = n ;n = r ;r = m % n ;return n ;int gbs( int m

27、, int n , int r )return m * n / r ;int main()int m , n , t ;printf( "Please input(m,n):");scanf( "%d%d" , &m , &n );if( m < n )t = m ;m = n ;n = t ;t = gys( m , n )；printf( "gys=%dn" , t);t = gbs( m , n , t )；printf( "gbs=%dn" , t);return 0 ;4.【参考代码

28、】#include<stdio.h>int main()void mystrcat( char s1100 , char s230);char s1100 , s230;printf( "Please input s1:");gets( s1 );printf( "Please input s2:");gets( s2 );mystrcat( s1 , s2 );printf( "Outputns1:");puts( s1 );return 0 ;void mystrcat( char s1100 , char s230)

29、int i , j ;for( i = 0 ; s1i != '0' ; i+ );for( j = 0 ; s2j != '0' j+ , i+ )s1i = s2j;s1i = '0'a第8章编译预处理、选择题123456ADDABA二、程序阅读题16,1821535第9章指针、选择题123456789101112DBBCDCCCDBCC1314151617CDDAC二、填空题1. 地址，NULL (或 0)2. . char a, *p;, scanf("%c", &a); ,p=&a;3. *m4. f

30、or( k=0; k<10; k+ )5. *(P+i), pi ,*(x+i)6. stri或*( str + i ) , i三、程序阅读题1. gae2. bcdABCD3. 7, 8, 84. 845. 3 14 26. efgh7. w,one8. 7四、程序完善题1. ai 或 *( a + i )2. *p!='0'*p-'0'3. p1p2-x4. max(inta , int b );p = max四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>void sort( int *a , int *b , int *c

31、);int main()int m , n , t ;printf( "Please input(m n t):");scanf( "%d%d%d" , &m , &n , &t );sort( &m , &n , &t );printf( "The result is :%dt%dt%dn" , m , n , t );return 0 ;void sort( int *a , int *b , int *c )int temp ;if( *a > *b ) temp= *a;*

32、a = *b;*b = temp ; if( *a > *c ) temp= *a;*a = *c;*c = temp ; if( *b > *c ) temp= *b;*b = *c;*c = temp ; 2.【参考代码】程序1：#include <stdio.h>int strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 );int main()int m ;char s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2 ;printf( "Please input(string1):");scanf( "%s"

33、; , s1 );printf( "Please input(string2):");scanf( "%s" , s2 );m = strcompare ( s1 , s2 );printf( "The result of strcompare is: %dn" , m );return 0 ;int strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( *( strl + i ) = *( str2 + i ) ) &&( *( strl + i ) !=

34、'0' ) i+ ；return( *( strl + i ) - *( str2 + i );程序2:#include <stdio.h>int strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 );int main()int m ;char s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2 ;printf( "Please input(stringl):");scanf( "%s" , si );printf( "Please input(string2):");scanf( &qu

35、ot;%s" , s2 );pi = si ;p2 = s2 ;m = strcompare ( pl , p2 );printf( "The result of strcompare is: %dn" , m );return 0 ;int strcompare( char *str1 , char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( *( strl + i ) = *( str2 + i ) ) &&( *( strl + i ) != '0' ) i+ ；return( *( strl + i ) - *(

36、str2 + i );程序3：#include <stdio.h>int strcompare( char str1 , char str2口)；int main()int m ;char s120 , s220 , *p1 , *p2 ;printf( "Please input(stringl):");scanf( "%s" , si );printf( "Please input(string2):");scanf( "%s" , s2 );pi = si ;p2 = s2 ;m = strcom

37、pare ( pi , p2 );printf( "The result of strcompare is: %dn" , m );return 0 ;int strcompare( char *stri , char *str2 )int i = 0 ;while( ( strii = str2i ) &&( strii != '0' )i+ ；return( strii- str2i );第10章结构体与共用体、选择题1234567891011CBACCDDDCBD二、填空题1. 112. . p->next=head->ne

38、xthead->next=p3. p->next三、程序阅读题1. 51,60,212. 163. 1001,ChangRong,1098.0四、程序完善题1. sizeof( struct ps ) 或 sizeof( bt )2. p=p->next3. personi.sex五、编程题1 .【参考代码】#define N 3#include <stdio.h>struct studentchar num6;char name8;int score2;float ave ;void input( struct student stuN);void averag

39、e( struct student stuN);int max( struct student stuN);int main()int i , j ;struct student stuN;input( stu );average( stu );printf( "NotNametScore1tScore2tAverage'n");for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ )printf( "%st%st" , stui.num , ); for( j = 0 ;j < 2 ; j+ )printf( &quo

40、t;%dt" , stui.scorej);printf( "%8.2fn" , stui.ave );i = max( stu );printf( "nThe max is : n");printf( "NotNametScore1tScore2tAverage'n");printf( "%st%st" , stui.num , );for( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j+ )printf( "%dt" , stui.scorej);print

41、f( "%5.2fn" , stui.ave );return 0;void input( struct student stuN)int i , j ;for(i=0;i<N;i+)printf("nPlease input No%d student:n",i+1);printf("No:");scanf("%s",stui.num);printf("Name:");scanf("%s",);for(j=0;j<2;j+)printf(&quo

42、t;score %d:",j+1);scanf("%d",&stui.scorej);void average( struct student stuN)int i , j , sum ;for(i=0;i<N;i+)for(j=0 , stui.ave = 0 ;j<2;j+)stui.ave += stui.scorej;stui.ave = stui.ave / 2 ;int max( struct student stuN)int i , max , index; max = stu0.ave ; index = 0 ;for( i =

43、 1 ; i < N ; i+ )if( max < stui.ave )max = stui.ave ;index = i ;return index;2 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>struct nodeshort int data ;struct node *next ;；typedef struct node NODE ;struct node *CreatLink();void PrintLink( NODE *head );int max( NODE *head );int main()NO

44、DE *head ;int max_value ;head = CreatLink();PrintLink( head );max_value = max( head );printf( "The max is:%dn" , max_value );return 0 ;struct node *CreatLink()NODE *head , *p , *q ;short int num ;head = ( NODE * )malloc( sizeof( NODE ); head->next = NULL ;p = head ;printf( "Please

45、input( end of-1)!:n");scanf( "%d" , &num );while( num != -1 )q = ( NODE *)malloc( sizeof( NODE ); q->data = num ;p->next = q ;P = q ;scanf( "%d" , &num );p->next = NULL ;return head ;void PrintLink( NODE *head )NODE *p;p = head->next ;printf( "The da

46、ta is:n");while( p != NULL )printf( "%4d" , p->data );p = p->next ;printf( "n");int max( NODE *head )NODE *p;short int max = -32768;p = head->next ;while( p != NULL )if( max < p->data ) max = p->data ;p = p->next ;return max ;第11章位运算、选择题1234DBCA二、填空题1. 0

47、000 11112. . x | ff003. 43三、程序阅读题1. 02. 11 223. 0四、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>int main()short int data , low ,high ;printf( "Please input( short int):");scanf( "%d" , &data );low = data & 0x00ff ; /* 0x00ff 表示低字节全 1 */high = data & 0xff00 ; /* 0xff00表示高字节全 1 *

48、/printf( "data:0x%x,the value of low byte is:0x%xn" , data , high ); printf( "data:0x%x,the value of high byte is:0x%xn" , data , low );return 0 ;2.【参考代码】#include <stdio.h>int main()short int data , result ;printf( "Please intput(short int):");scanf( "%d"

49、; , &data );result = data A 0x000f ;/* 0x000f 表示低 4 位全 1,高 12 位全 0 */ printf( "The data is 0x%x nThe result is :0x%xn" , data,result );return 0 ;aa第12章文件操作、选择题123456789101112DB、CCBBABCDBCC131415CDC二、填空题1 . 二进制ASCII（文本）2 . FILE *fp# include <stdio.h>3 . n -1buf的首地址4 . 15 .用以获得文件读写

50、位置标记指针的位置，函数返回值为当前文件读写位置标记指针相对于文件开头的字节数6 .使文件读写位置标记指针重新返回文件的开头 三、程序阅读题1. 1 22. end3. 34. hello,fgetc (fp) fp, "%d',&tempch , fpz+四、程序完善题1. ! feof (fp)2. fopen ( num.dat ","r")3. ( ch=getchar()五、编程题1 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.

51、h>int main()FILE *fp ;char str100 , filename10;int i = 0 ;if( ( fp = fopen( "upper.txt" , "w+" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "Cannot open file!n");exit( 0 );printf( "Please input(string):n");gets( str )；while( stri != '!') if( stri >= 'a' &&am

52、p; stri <= 'z') stri = stri - 32 ;fputc( stri , fp ); i+ ；rewind( fp );fgets( str , strlen( str) + 1 , fp );printf( "nThe result is :n");printf( "%sn" , str );fclose( fp ); return 0 ;2 .【参考代码】#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define N 5 struct studentchar

53、 num10;char name8;int score3; float ave ; stuN; int main()int i , j , sum ;FILE *fp ;for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ ) printf( "nPlease input student information: n" , i + 1 ); printf( "No:");scanf( "%s" , stui.num );printf( "Name:");scanf( "%s" , stui.na

54、me );sum = 0 ;for( j = 0 ; j < 3 ; j+ ) printf( "Score%d:" , j + 1 );scanf( "%d" , &stui.scorej); sum += stui.scorej;stui.ave = sum / 3.0 ;if( ( fp = fopen( "stud.dat" , "w" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "cannot open stud for write!n");exit( 0 );for( i = 0 ; i < N ; i+ ) fwrite( &stui , sizeof( struct student ) ,1 , fp );fclose( fp );if( ( fp = fopen( "stud.dat" , "r" ) ) = NULL ) printf( "cannot open stud for read!n");exit( 0 );printf( "nNotNametScore1tScore2tAverage'n");for( i = 0 ;