高三英语第一轮单元知识点复习19

1、Unit 16 Scientists at workUnit 16 Scientists at work1.Many people do not like the idea of 1.Many people do not like the idea of ( (试验试验) on animals.) on animals.2.Being tall gave him an 2.Being tall gave him an ( (优势优势) ) over the other players. over the other players.3.It proved the rescue was 3.It

2、 proved the rescue was ( (成功的成功的).).4.People are angry with the terrorists 4.People are angry with the terrorists ( (残酷的残酷的) deeds.) deeds.5.At the end of the meeting the president 5.At the end of the meeting the president drew a drew a ( (结论结论).).基础落实基础落实.重点单词思忆重点单词思忆experimentsexperimentsadvantage

3、advantagesuccessfulsuccessfulcruelcruelconclusionconclusion1.1. n n. .应用；请求应用；请求 v v. .应用；请应用；请 求求 adjadj. .应用的应用的 n n. .申请申请 人，求职者人，求职者 2.2. n n. .发动机发动机 n n. .工程师工程师 n n. .工程学工程学3.3. n n. .经济经济 adjadj. .经济上的经济上的 n n. .经济学经济学 adjadj. .经济经济 的；节约的；省时的的；节约的；省时的4.4. n n.& .& v v. .舒适舒适; ;安慰安慰 a

4、djadj. .舒舒 适的适的 advadv. .舒适地；安逸地舒适地；安逸地.考纲词汇拓展考纲词汇拓展applicationapplicationapplyapplyappliedappliedapplicantapplicantengineengineengineerengineerengineeringengineeringeconomyeconomyeconomiceconomiceconomicseconomicseconomicaleconomicalcomfortcomfortcomfortablecomfortablecomfortablycomfortably5.5. adj

5、adj. .电的电的 adjadj. .与电有关与电有关 的的 n n. .电电 v v. .使通电；使通电； 使带电使带电6.6. adjadj. .锐利的锐利的 advadv. .急剧地急剧地 v v. .磨快磨快 n n. .锋利锋利electricelectricelectricalelectricalelectricityelectricityelectrifyelectrifysharpsharpsharplysharplysharpensharpensharpnesssharpness1.a 1.a of of 若干；一些若干；一些2.a great 2.a great of o

6、f 很多的很多的, ,大量的大量的3.pick 3.pick 挑出挑出; ;辨别出辨别出4.4. on on 在在（身上）做试验（身上）做试验5.in ones 5.in ones 以某人的观点以某人的观点6.6. full use of full use of充分利用充分利用7.7. to to 接近接近, ,靠近靠近8.be 8.be to to 能够能够9.9. .to.to.把把系到系到上上.重要短语识记重要短语识记numbernumberdealdealoutouttesttestopinionopinionmakemakeclosecloseableabletietie10.10.

7、 .to.to.把把捆在捆在11. 11. .from. .from.保护保护；使；使不受伤害不受伤害12.12. on on 接近；跟我来；快点来接近；跟我来；快点来13.be 13.be to to 习惯于习惯于；被用做；被用做14.a 14.a of of 的浪费的浪费15.take 15.take （ofof）小心；当心）小心；当心fastenfastenprotectprotectcomecomeusedusedwastewastecarecare1.In the eighteenth century,Benjamin Franklin 1.In the eighteenth cen

8、tury,Benjamin Franklin conducted a number of experiments conducted a number of experiments is ( is (以证明电是什以证明电是什 么）么）. .2.I 2.I ( (把手指把手指 靠近钥匙靠近钥匙)and felt a light but very clear )and felt a light but very clear electric shock. electric shock.3.Others followed even before the whole string 3.Others f

9、ollowed even before the whole string was wet,and I was able to collect and was wet,and I was able to collect and ( (储存大量的电储存大量的电)in )in the condenser. the condenser. .经典句式再现经典句式再现in whichin whichhe showed what electricityhe showed what electricitybrought my finger close to the keybrought my finger c

10、lose to the keystorestorea great deal of electricitya great deal of electricity4.This ribbon, 4.This ribbon, ( (不能弄不能弄 湿湿),will protect you from the electricity.),will protect you from the electricity.5.The key tied to the string was put into the 5.The key tied to the string was put into the door do

11、or ( (以防以防 止风筝飞离止风筝飞离).).6.Almost every medicine you use 6.Almost every medicine you use ( (已在动物身上试验了已在动物身上试验了).).7.Animal testing has helped to7.Animal testing has helped to ( (发展了抵抗发展了抵抗 许多种疾病的药物许多种疾病的药物).).8.8. ( (毫无疑问毫无疑问)that 100 years )that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today ago

12、animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are animals in experiments are （很好地照料）（很好地照料）. .which must not get wetwhich must not get wetTo stop the kite from flying awayTo stop the kite from flying awayhas beenhas beentested on animalstested on animalsdevelopdevelopmedicines against ma

13、ny diseasesmedicines against many diseasesThere is no doubtThere is no doubtvery well takenvery well takencare ofcare of1.charge1.charge The kite and the string will The kite and the string will charged. ( charged. (回归课本回归课本P P2525) )观察思考观察思考 He was charged with murder.He was charged with murder. 他被

14、指控犯有谋杀罪。他被指控犯有谋杀罪。 He took charge of the farm after his He took charge of the farm after his farthers death. farthers death. 父亲去世后他掌管了农场。父亲去世后他掌管了农场。 Im leaving the school in your charge.Im leaving the school in your charge. 我这就把学校交给你掌管。我这就把学校交给你掌管。导练互动导练互动重点单词重点单词chargecharge归纳拓展归纳拓展chargecharge词性：

15、词性： & & 意思：意思：（1 1）charge sb.with (doing) sth.charge sb.with (doing) sth.控告某人犯某控告某人犯某罪罪charge sb.+money+for (doing) sth.charge sb.+money+for (doing) sth.因为（做）某因为（做）某事而向某人要钱事而向某人要钱charge sth.to sb.s accountcharge sth.to sb.s account把把记在某人的记在某人的账上账上vt.vt.n.n.控告；攻击；要控告；攻击；要（价）；使充电；主管；费用；指控（价）；使

16、充电；主管；费用；指控（2 2）free of chargefree of charge免费免费in the charge ofin the charge of在在的掌管下的掌管下in charge ofin charge of主管，掌管主管，掌管at ones own charge(s)at ones own charge(s)自费，用自己的钱自费，用自己的钱take charge oftake charge of主管主管能力转化能力转化(1)How much do you (1)How much do you ( (要价要价) for a room ) for a room with a

17、bath? with a bath?(2)They (2)They ( (索要索要) me five dollars for a ) me five dollars for a cup of coffee.cup of coffee.( 3 ) H e ( 3 ) H e ( ( 指 责指 责 ) m e w i t h b e i n g ) m e w i t h b e i n g irresponsible.irresponsible.(4)Miss Yang is (4)Miss Yang is ( (主管主管) our class.) our class.(5)Class 5 is

18、 (5)Class 5 is ( (管理管理) Mr.Zhu.) Mr.Zhu.chargechargechargedchargedchargedchargedin charge ofin charge ofin the charge ofin the charge ve This experiment This experiment that lightning and that lightning and electricity are the same.( electricity are the same.(回归课本回归课本P P2424) )观察思考观察思考

19、 How did you prove that he was the thief?How did you prove that he was the thief? 你如何证明他就是那个小偷？你如何证明他就是那个小偷？ Time will prove me right.Time will prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。时间会证明我是对的。provesproves归纳拓展归纳拓展proveprove词性：词性： & & 意思：意思：vt.vt.link-v.link-v.证明；证实；结证明；证实；结果是；证明是果是；证明是prove (prove (vtvt.

20、).)sth.(ones honesty/courage)sth.(ones honesty/courage)sth.to sb.(=to sb.sth.)sth.to sb.(=to sb.sth.)sb./sth.(to be)+sb./sth.(to be)+n n././adjadj.(an honest .(an honest man/honest)man/honest)(to sb.) that-clause(to sb.) that-clauseprove (prove (linklink- -v v.).)adjadj././n n./of+./of+抽象抽象名词名词to be

21、+to be+adjadj././n n./of+./of+抽象名词抽象名词能力转化能力转化（1 1）The weather forecast The weather forecast ( (证明是证明是) ) accurate on the next day. accurate on the next day.（2 2）Can you Can you ( (证明证明) that to the court?) that to the court?（3 3）It It ( (结果证明是结果证明是) much more ) much more difficult than she had supp

22、osed. difficult than she had ved to beproved to beproveproveproved to beproved to be3.tear3.tear Most kites are made of paper,but a kite Most kites are made of paper,but a kite made of silk will not made of silk will not so soon in so soon in weather with rain and strong winds. weather w

23、ith rain and strong winds. ( (回归课本回归课本P P2424) )观察思考观察思考 Jenny fell down in the street and tore her Jenny fell down in the street and tore her dress. dress. 珍妮跌倒在大街上，撕破了衣服。珍妮跌倒在大街上，撕破了衣服。 She left the room in tears (=crying).She left the room in tears (=crying). 她哭着离开了房间。她哭着离开了房间。 She suddenly burst

24、 into tears (=began to cry).She suddenly burst into tears (=began to cry). 她突然放声大哭起来。她突然放声大哭起来。teartear归纳拓展归纳拓展teartear词性：词性： & & & & . .意思：意思：（1 1）tear sth.tear sth.把某物撕破把某物撕破/ /撕开撕开/ /撕掉（强调结果）撕掉（强调结果）tear at sth.tear at sth.撕扯某物（强调动作）撕扯某物（强调动作）tear sth.down(=pull down;knock down)te

25、ar sth.down(=pull down;knock down)拆毁；拆拆毁；拆除除tear oneself away from sth.tear oneself away from sth.依依不舍地离开依依不舍地离开tear sth.away from sth.tear sth.away from sth.把把拿走拿走tear.aparttear.apart彻底打败彻底打败tear.uptear.up撕毁（合同等）撕毁（合同等）vt.vt.vi.vi.n n撕开，撕裂；被撕开，撕裂；被刮破；泪水，眼泪刮破；泪水，眼泪tear sth.opentear sth.open把把撕开撕开/ /

26、扯开扯开tear sth.from/off/out of sth.tear sth.from/off/out of sth.将将从从上撕上撕下下/ /分开分开tear o piecestear o pieces把把撕碎撕碎（2 2）in tearsin tears哭着哭着burst into tearsburst into tears突然放声大哭起来突然放声大哭起来能力转化能力转化（1 1）The boy The boy the parcel but he the parcel but he couldnt couldnt it open to get the it

27、 open to get the present out. present out. A.tore;tear B.tore at;tear A.tore;tear B.tore at;tear C.tore from;tear of D.tore up;tear away C.tore from;tear of D.tore up;tear away 解析解析 tear at sth.tear at sth.撕扯某物，强调动作；撕扯某物，强调动作； tear sth.tear sth.把某物撕开，强调结果。把某物撕开，强调结果。B（2 2）她恋恋不舍地望着他。）她恋恋不舍地望着他。 She w

28、as unable to She was unable to . .（3 3）他听着音乐，眼睛里噙着泪水。）他听着音乐，眼睛里噙着泪水。 As he listened to the music,As he listened to the music, . . . .tear her eyes away from himtear her eyes away from himhis eyes filled his eyes filled with tearswith tears4.control4.control Add a tail to the frame and tie a long Add

29、 a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross so you can string to the cross so you can the the kite. ( kite. (回归课本回归课本P P2424) )观察思考观察思考 The family has sold most of its shares and The family has sold most of its shares and will lose control of the company. will lose control of the company

30、. 这个家族已售出绝大部分股份，将失去对公司的这个家族已售出绝大部分股份，将失去对公司的 控制权。控制权。 She struggled to keep control of her voice.She struggled to keep control of her voice. 她竭力控制住自己的声音。她竭力控制住自己的声音。controlcontrol归纳拓展归纳拓展controlcontrol词性：词性： & & 意思：意思：（1 1）control oneselfcontrol oneself控制自己控制自己control ones voice/expressionco

31、ntrol ones voice/expression控制声音控制声音/ /表情表情（2 2）beyond controlbeyond control无法掌握，无法控制无法掌握，无法控制in the control ofin the control of被被控制控制in control ofin control of管理管理lose control oflose control of无法控制，对无法控制，对失去控制失去控制out of controlout of control不受管制，失去控制不受管制，失去控制under controlunder control被控制住被控制住have/ho

32、ld control of/overhave/hold control of/over控制着控制着take/gain control oftake/gain control of取得对取得对的控制的控制n.n.vt.vt.控制；掌管；操纵；控制；掌管；操纵；管理管理能力转化能力转化（1 1）He is in He is in control of the company. control of the company. I mean,the company is in I mean,the company is in control control of him. of him. A.the;

33、/ B./;the A.the;/ B./;the C.the;the D./;/ C.the;the D./;/ 解析解析 “某人控制某东西某人控制某东西”应用应用sb.be in sb.be in control of sth.;“ control of sth.;“某东西被某人控制某东西被某人控制”应用应用 sth.be in the control of sb.sth.be in the control of sb.。B（2 2）The people began to break the windows,The people began to break the windows, bu

34、t the police soon had the situation but the police soon had the situation control. control. A.take B.in A.take B.in C.under D.beyond C.under D.beyondC5.sense5.sense Blind animals may survive by their sharp Blind animals may survive by their sharp of smell. ( of smell. (回归课本回归课本P P2626) )观察思考观察思考 Can

35、 you make sense of what I said?Can you make sense of what I said? 你能理解我说的话吗？你能理解我说的话吗？ What you said is true in a sense. What you said is true in a sense. 就某种意义而言，你说的是实话。就某种意义而言，你说的是实话。 He sensed that something had happened to He sensed that something had happened to his family. his family. 他感觉到他家出事

36、了。他感觉到他家出事了。sensesense归纳拓展归纳拓展sensesense词性：词性： & & 意思：意思：common sensecommon sense常识常识a sense of time/humour/directiona sense of time/humour/direction时间观念时间观念/ /幽默幽默感感/ /方向感方向感a sense of shame/businessa sense of shame/business羞耻心羞耻心/ /经商意识经商意识make snesemake snese有道理；有意义；讲得通；是明智的；有道理；有意义；讲得通；是

37、明智的；合乎情理的；易于理解；道理明显合乎情理的；易于理解；道理明显make sense of sth.make sense of sth.理解；弄懂（不易理解的事物）理解；弄懂（不易理解的事物）in a sensein a sense在某种意义上在某种意义上there is no sense/point (in) doing sth.there is no sense/point (in) doing sth.做某事做某事没有意义没有意义n.n.vt.vt.感觉；感官；道理；领感觉；感官；道理；领悟力；感觉到；意识到；明白悟力；感觉到；意识到；明白巧学助记巧学助记能力转化能力转化（1 1）W

38、hen you touch his body,you have aWhen you touch his body,you have a ( (恐惧感恐惧感).).（2 2） ( (没有意义没有意义) in learning ) in learning this kind of language. this kind of language.（3 3）You should have had enough You should have had enough ( (常识常识) ) to turn off the electricity supply to turn off the electric

39、ity supply before disconnecting the wires. before disconnecting the wires.（4 4）She She ( (了解了解) what her husband was ) what her husband was thinking. thinking.sensesenseThere is no senseThere is no sensesensesensesensedsensedof fearof fear6.pick out6.pick out the correct ones.( the correct ones.(回归课

40、本回归课本P P2525) )观察思考观察思考 She picked out a scarf to wear with the She picked out a scarf to wear with the dress. dress. 她挑选了一条围巾以配上她穿的衣服。她挑选了一条围巾以配上她穿的衣服。 Can you pick out your sister in this crowd? Can you pick out your sister in this crowd? 你能在这群人中认出你的妹妹吗？你能在这群人中认出你的妹妹吗？重点短语与句型重点短语与句型Pick outPick ou

41、t归纳拓展归纳拓展pick outpick outpick uppick up拾起；接人；偶得；收听拾起；接人；偶得；收听/ /看；使精神恢看；使精神恢复；收拾，整理复；收拾，整理pick oneself uppick oneself up（跌倒后）站起来（跌倒后）站起来pick up with sb.pick up with sb.结识某人结识某人pick and choosepick and choose精挑细选精挑细选pick.apartpick.apart分解分解; ;找碴儿找碴儿; ;严厉批评严厉批评pick onpick on与与为难；欺负；不断责骂；挑中；选中为难；欺负；不断责骂

42、；挑中；选中挑选；辨认出；弄明白；了解；领会（文挑选；辨认出；弄明白；了解；领会（文章等的意思）章等的意思）能力转化能力转化（1 1）It was so dark in the cinema that I It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly could hardly my friend. my friend. A.turn out B.bring out A.turn out B.bring out C.call out D.pick out C.call out D.pick out 解析解析 句意为：电影院里太黑了，我几乎找不句

43、意为：电影院里太黑了，我几乎找不 到我的朋友。到我的朋友。pick outpick out（在许多人、东西当中）（在许多人、东西当中） 看出看出，辨别出，辨别出；turn outturn out结果结果 是是，证明是，证明是；bring outbring out取出来，使取出来，使 出现；出现；call outcall out大声喊叫。根据题意大声喊叫。根据题意D D项正确。项正确。D（2 2）你能在）你能在8 8点左右来接我吗？点左右来接我吗？ Could you Could you around eight?around eight?（3 3）我终于理解了这篇文章的意思。）我终于理解了这篇

44、文章的意思。 I managed toI managed to . .pick me uppick me uppick out the passagepick out the passage7.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the 7.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, you will have a points of the cross, you will have a nice strong kite. nice strong kite.把手帕四角与

45、十字架端头绑把手帕四角与十字架端头绑 牢，那么你就有一个坚固的好风筝了。牢，那么你就有一个坚固的好风筝了。典例体验典例体验 youll fall into the youll fall into the river. river. =If you take one more step,youll fall =If you take one more step,youll fall into the river. into the river. 再走一步，你就会掉进河里。再走一步，你就会掉进河里。 youll lose the game.youll lose the game. =If you

46、are not more careful,youll lose =If you are not more careful,youll lose the game. the game. 假如你不更加小心的话，你会输掉这次比赛的。假如你不更加小心的话，你会输掉这次比赛的。One more step,andOne more step,andBe more careful orBe more careful orandand 归纳拓展归纳拓展祈使句祈使句+and/or+and/or+陈述句是英语中常见的句式，祈使陈述句是英语中常见的句式，祈使句含有条件意味，陈述句一般用将来时态。其中的句含有条件意味，

47、陈述句一般用将来时态。其中的祈使句相当于祈使句相当于ifif引导的条件状语从句。该句式主要引导的条件状语从句。该句式主要有以下三种情况：有以下三种情况：(1)(1)祈使句祈使句+and+and+陈述句陈述句Work hard,and youll make great progress.Work hard,and youll make great progress.（=If you work hard,youll make great =If you work hard,youll make great gress.）努力学习，你会取得很大进步。努力学习，你会取得很大进步

48、。(2)(2)名词短语名词短语+and+and+陈述句陈述句One more step,and Ill beat you flat.(=If One more step,and Ill beat you flat.(=If you take one more step,Ill beat you flat.)you take one more step,Ill beat you flat.)再走一步，我就揍扁你。再走一步，我就揍扁你。(3)(3)祈使句祈使句+or (else)+or (else)+陈述句陈述句Hurry up,or (else)well be late.(=If we Hurr

49、y up,or (else)well be late.(=If we dont hurry up,well be late.)dont hurry up,well be late.)快点，否则我快点，否则我们就迟到了。们就迟到了。能力转化能力转化Help others whenever you can Help others whenever you can you will you will make the world a nicer place to live in.make the world a nicer place to live in.A.and B.or C.unless D

50、.butA.and B.or C.unless D.but解析解析 此处构成此处构成“祈使句祈使句+and+and+陈述句陈述句”结构。结构。A8. 100 years ago animal8. 100 years ago animaltesting was cruel but today animals in testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.experiments are very well taken care of.毫毫无疑问，无疑问，100100年前的动物试验很

51、残忍，但今天用于年前的动物试验很残忍，但今天用于试验的动物受到了很好的照顾。试验的动物受到了很好的照顾。典例体验典例体验 she will succeed.she will succeed.毫无疑问，她肯定能成功。毫无疑问，她肯定能成功。 he is guilty.he is guilty. 他是否有罪，人们还有些怀疑。他是否有罪，人们还有些怀疑。I I well make a profit well make a profit from it.from it.我认为我们不大可能从此事中获利。我认为我们不大可能从此事中获利。There is little doubt thatThere is

52、little doubt thatThere is some doubt whetherThere is some doubt whetherdoubt if/whetherdoubt if/whetherThere is no doubt thatThere is no doubt that归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)doubt(1)doubt在句中用作名词。当在句中用作名词。当doubtdoubt作名词时，常用作名词时，常用于以下句式：于以下句式：There is no doubt that/about.There is no doubt that/about.毫无疑问毫无疑问Is there

53、any doubt that.?Is there any doubt that.?有疑问吗？有疑问吗？Sb.have some doubt whether.Sb.have some doubt whether.某人对某人对有怀疑有怀疑 thatthat从句从句 about sth.about sth.某人对某人对毫无疑问毫无疑问Sb.have no doubtSb.have no doubtwithout dobutwithout dobut毫无疑问毫无疑问beyond doubtbeyond doubt无疑地；确定地无疑地；确定地(2)doubt (2)doubt (vtvt.).) I d

54、ont doubt that.I dont doubt that.我不怀疑我不怀疑I doubt whether (if).I doubt whether (if).我怀疑是否我怀疑是否 (3)There is no need for sb.to do.(3)There is no need for sb.to do.某人某人做做没有必要没有必要Its no wonder that.Its no wonder that.难怪难怪There/It is no use/good doing.There/It is no use/good doing.做做无用无用/ /益益(4)doubt(4)do

55、ubt无论用作名词或动词，其后跟从句时，在无论用作名词或动词，其后跟从句时，在否定句中用否定句中用thatthat引导，在肯定句中用引导，在肯定句中用whether/ifwhether/if引引导。导。能力转化能力转化(1)(1)毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。 they will agree with they will agree with you on this matter. you on this matter.(2)(2)他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。 their footba

56、ll their football team will win the match. team will win the match.(3)(3)我相信他能按时完成任务。我相信他能按时完成任务。 he can finish the task on he can finish the task on time. time.(4)(4)他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。 she will keep her word.she will keep her word.There is no doubt thatThere is no doubt thatThere is some

57、doubt whetherThere is some doubt whetherI dont doubt thatI dont doubt thatHe doubts ifHe doubts if【例例1 1】The Science Museum,The Science Museum, we visited we visited during a recent trip to Britain,is one of during a recent trip to Britain,is one of Londons tourist attractions. ( Londons tourist att

58、ractions. (江苏高考江苏高考) ) A.which B.what A.which B.what C.that D.where C.that D.where 解析解析 whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 the Science Museumthe Science Museum，同时又在从句中作，同时又在从句中作visitedvisited 的宾语；的宾语；wherewhere为关系副词，不能作宾语；为关系副词，不能作宾语；thatthat不不 能引导非限制性定语从句；能引导非限制性定语从句；whatwhat不能引导定语从不能引导定语从

59、句。句。 课文原文课文原文 This ribbon,This ribbon, must not get wet,will must not get wet,will protect you from the electricity. protect you from the electricity.考题回扣考题回扣Awhichwhich【例例2 2】It is worth considering what makes It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and “convenience” food

60、s so popular, and better ones of your own.( better ones of your own.(北京高考北京高考) ) A.introduces B.to introduce A.introduces B.to introduce C.introducing D.introduced C.introducing D.introduced 解析解析 本题句意为本题句意为“值得考虑一下什么使得值得考虑一下什么使得方方 便便食品这么受人欢迎食品这么受人欢迎, ,并且介绍一下你自己比较并且介绍一下你自己比较 喜欢的那些喜欢的那些食品食品”。andand连接连接considerconsider与与 introduce,introduce,故故introducei