大学英语跨文化交际PPT课件

1、Chapter 2Communication and Intercultural Communication黑龙江大学外语部 Our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this planet . John F .KennedyLearning Objectives:In this chapter, students will learn how to:w 1. understand the definition and components of communication w 2. describe the characteristi

2、cs of communication w 3. summarize the definition of intercultural communication w 4. evaluate the forms of intercultural communicationChapter 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationCommunication and Intercultural CommunicationCommunicationCulture and CommunicationIntercultural Communication

3、Communication DefinedComponents of CommunicationIntercultural Communication DefinedForms of Intercultural CommunicationCharacteristics of CommunicationDynamicSystemicSymbolicIrreversibleTransactionalSelf-reflectiveContextualChapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communicationw 1. Suppose you are

4、the Chinese doctor, if you are communicating with the Canadian physiotherapist, will his words irritate you? How would you respond to the situation?w 2. What caused their communication conflicts?w 3. What do you think of the different communication styles of the two doctors?Chapter 2 Communication a

5、nd Intercultural Communication1. The definition of communication 2. Components of communication Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Form groups of three or four and work together to write a letter to a penpal friend. Analyze the following elements involved in the process:1. What

6、meaning do you want to express?2. In what way would you like to deliver or organize your idea?3. By which channel are you going to send your message?4. Is there anything that might interfere with the process?5. How do you think the letter will be interpreted by people from different cultures?Chapter

7、 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationWestern Perspective of communication Eastern perspective of communication Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication In western cultures, communication is studied as the means of transmitting ideas. Western cultures emphasize the instrumen

8、tal function of communication; that is, effectiveness is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve ones personal goal. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Definitions of communication from many Asian countries stress harmony, which is most notable in

9、cultures with a Confucian tradition. Eastern cultures understanding would define communication as a process where all parties are searching to develop and maintain a social relationship.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationA sender/source is the person who transmits a message. A me

10、ssage is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver. Encoding refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message. Encoding （编码）（编码）Channel /Medium （渠道）Channel/Medium is the method used to deliver a message. Message （信

11、息）（信息）Sender/Source （信息源）Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationDecoding （解码）（解码）Decoding is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.Receiver （信息接收者）（信息接收者）A receiver is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a mes

12、sage.Feedback （反馈）（反馈）The response of a receiver to a senders message is called feedback. Noise （干扰）（干扰）Noise is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages, including external noise ，physiological noise, psychological noise and semantic noise. Noise is inevitable.Chapter 2

13、Communication and Intercultural Communication(1)External Noise Sounds that distract communicators: voices in the next room; annoying ring of someones cell phone in a meeting; etc.Other types of external noise that dont involve sound:an overcrowded room or a smelly cigar (2) Physiological Noise illne

14、sses and disabilities(3) Psychological Noiseforces with the sender or receiver that interfere with understanding: egotism; hostility; preoccupation; fear; etc.(4) Semantic Noisecaused by using different languages; the use of jargon;different understanding of the message delivered; etc.Chapter 2 Comm

15、unication and Intercultural Communication What are the components of communication reflected in the following picture?Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communicationa. Communication is dynamic b. Communication is systematicc. Communication is symbolicd. Communication is irreversiblee. Commun

16、ication is transactionalf. Communication is self-reflectiveg. Communication is contextual.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationTeacher: Who can guess what it is a small animal with four legs that people often keep as a pet and can catch mice easily?u A Chinese student: It is called

17、 “猫” in Chinese.u A French student: It is called “Chat” in French. u A Japanese student: “Neiko” in Japanese.u A Spanish student: “Gato” in Spanish.u A German student : “Katze” in German u A Russian student : “Kosta” in Russian.Answer the following questions:1. Do we use the same word to symbolize a

18、 certain object when we communicate with those speaking different languages? 2. What kind of process is involved in communication? Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Communication is an ongoing activity. It is not fixed. A word or action does not stay frozen when you communicate

19、; it is immediately replaced with yet another word or action. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Communication does not occur in isolation or in a vacuum, but rather is part of a larger system. We send and receive messages not in isolation, but in a specific setting. Setting and

20、 environment help determine the words and actions we generate. Dress, language, topic selection, and the like are all adapted to context. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Symbols are central to the communication process because they represent the shared meanings that are commu

21、nicated. A symbol is a word, action, or object that stands for or represents a unit of meaning. Peoples behaviors are frequently interpreted symbolically, as an external representation of feelings, emotions, and internal states. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Communication i

22、s an irreversible process. We can never undo what has already been done. Although we may try to qualify, negate, or somehow reduce the effects of our message, once it has been sent and received, the message itself cannot be reversed.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication A transacti

23、onal view holds that communicators are simultaneously sending and receiving messages at every instant that they are involved in conversations. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication Human beings have a unique ability to think about themselves, to watch how they define the world, and

24、 to reflect on their past, present, and future. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication All communication takes place within a setting or situation called a context. By context, we mean the place where people meet, the social purpose for being together, and the nature of the relation

25、ship. Thus the context includes the physical, social, and interpersonal settings.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural CommunicationChapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication The relationship between culture and communication is compared to the relationship between a map and a journ

26、ey. How do you understand and interpret this simile?Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication If possible, interview a foreign visitor to your country. Ask him about how his cultural background influences his actual communication practices in China.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercult

27、ural Communication Imagine you are organizing an international summer camp with children coming from different countries. What of the followings should be your main concerns: problems between children of different races. problems between children of the same culture. problems between children of dif

28、ferent cultures. problems between children who share the same nationality but not the same race.Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communicationa. International Communication b. Interethnic Communication c. Interracial Communication d. Intracultural Communication Intercultural communication refers to communication between people whose cultural perception and symbol system are distinct enough to alter the communication event. Chapter 2 Communication and Intercultural Communication International communication takes place between nations and governments rather than individua