How-to-write-an-argumentation(正反PPT课件

1、2021/7/231WritingHow to write an argumentation(议论文)2021/7/232Objectives. Use the useful structures to practice writing contrast. Improve the general ability of writingBy the end of the lesson, you will be able to2021/7/233 This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.B. The conclusion: This gives

2、 the writers final opinion.C. This paragraph gives the arguments for cars.D. The introduction: This gives some general facts about the subject.2021/7/234The Advantages and Disadvantages of Cars1._ Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a house. Today there

3、 are billion of cars on the road. Everyone wants one.2. _ Cars have great advantages. They move fast and they give you freedom. You can just get in your car and go wherever you want. Up to five people can travel in a car, so often it is cheaper to go by car than to take a train.3. _ But cars have gr

4、eat disadvantages. They use fuels which pollute the environment very badly. They also create serious traffic problems. Sometimes you cannot get into a city because there are sp many cars on the road.4. _ In conclusion, I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car. But the e

5、nvironmental problem is serious and we need to find a cleaner fuel. DCABthe introductionthe conclusionarguments for carsarguments against cars2021/7/235Writing StructureThe theme of the essayOpinion 1Opinion 2Reasons 1,2Reasons 1,2Personal opinions介绍议论的主题介绍议论的主题（发生了一场什（发生了一场什么辩论或做了一么辩论或做了一次什么调查）次什么调

6、查）双方的观点双方的观点双方的理由双方的理由结论或自己的意见结论或自己的意见2021/7/236Lets review the writing structure Passage 1 I did a survey about the phenomenon that lots of people like to speak Chinese mixed with English words and here is the result. 40% of the students are fond of peoples speaking Chinese in this way. Besides, th

7、ey think is interesting and funny and even consider it helpful in expressing themselves. However, 60% of the students think it is a little ridiculous. Whats more, it doesnt help people learn English and it will stop people learning their mother tongue well.The theme of the essayOpinion 1Reasons 1,2O

8、pinion 2Reasons 1,22021/7/237找找看！你能找出观点对比型议论文的写作写作句型句型(sentence patterns)吗？ I did a survey about the phenomenon that lots of people like to speak Chinese mixed with English words and here is the result. 40% of the students are fond of peoples speaking Chinese in this way. Besides, they think it is i

9、nteresting and funny and even consider it helpful in expressing themselves. However, 60% of the students think it is a little ridiculous. Whats more, it doesnt help people learn English and it will stop people learning their mother tongue well.2021/7/238 写作必备句型写作必备句型 II. 提出问题提出问题 1. Our class had a

10、discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. 2. Weve had a survey on how to choose their courses, majors and universities, and students hold different opinions.Our class had a discussion about whether Weve had a survey on studentshold different opinions.2021/7/2

11、39 句型句型:1. _ 2._ 3._Sb. had a discussion about . among Sb. made a survey about . amongPeople take different views on this question.开头：提出问题或引出讨论或辩论的主题开头：提出问题或引出讨论或辩论的主题 2021/7/2310 _ it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. 我们就上大学是否是高中生的唯一出路进行了讨论。我们就上大学是否是高中生的唯一出路进行了讨论。_university

12、 students should be financially independent or not.我班最近就大学生是否应该经济独立进行了讨论。我班最近就大学生是否应该经济独立进行了讨论。We had a discussion about whether Recently our class have had a discussion on whether 2021/7/2311 practice最近，我们班就最近，我们班就“中学生是否应该网上交友中学生是否应该网上交友”这一话题进行了讨论。这一话题进行了讨论。_Recently, our class had a discussion abo

13、ut the topic “Should students make friends on line?”2021/7/2312 写作必备句型写作必备句型 III. 正面观点正面观点1. Most of my classmates are in favor of the move , thinking that we should give money to those who are in bad need of our help. 2. Some people hold the view that group dancing is good for health and can enrich

14、 our school life.Most of my classmates are in favor of thinking that Some people hold the view that 2021/7/2313II. 正面观点正面观点句型句型1. _ _ 2. _ 3._Some people are in favor of /agree with , thinking that.Some people hold the opinion thatMost of the people believe that 表示赞同及理由表示赞同及理由 2021/7/2314_punishing

15、the passengers helps to reduce traffic accidents and increase traffic safety. 大多数学生持这种观点：惩罚大多数学生持这种观点：惩罚(乘坐酒醉驾车的乘坐酒醉驾车的)乘客有助于减少交通事故和提高交通安全。乘客有助于减少交通事故和提高交通安全。有的同学赞同有的同学赞同(迁出迁出)。他们认为参观动物园。他们认为参观动物园的旅客太多会造成交通拥挤。的旅客太多会造成交通拥挤。_the move ,_large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. S

16、ome of my classmates are in favor ofthinking thatThe minority of the students hold the opinion that2021/7/2315practice大多数学生赞同这一想法，认为网络可帮助他们大多数学生赞同这一想法，认为网络可帮助他们广泛交友。广泛交友。_The majority of the students are in favor of the idea, thinking that the Internet helps them make more friends. 2021/7/2316 写作必备句

17、型写作必备句型 IIII. 反面观点反面观点 1. On the contrary, the other students are against the idea. Because they think if too many people keep pets at home , it is bad for the environment.2. But others hold the opposite opinions that we shouldnt give beggars money for the reason that most of the beggars are begging

18、 in the hope of earning some easy money.On the contrary, the other students are against the idea. But others hold the opposite opinions that for the reason thatBecause they think 2021/7/2317 写作必备句型写作必备句型 IIII. 反面观点反面观点句型：句型：1. _ _ 2._ _ 3. _ On the contrary，there are some people against the idea tha

19、t(because they think)But others hold the opposite opinions that (for the reason that)But others are against the idea that 2021/7/2318_some slower students are always making trouble, such as keeping talking in class, breaking school rules.但是，其他人持相反意见但是，其他人持相反意见, 因为部分学习差的学因为部分学习差的学生常常惹麻烦，比如上课讲话，违反校规校纪

20、生常常惹麻烦，比如上课讲话，违反校规校纪 _it makes us fall into the habit of dependence, so that we wont form the good habit of studying. 我们中将近有我们中将近有70%的人不同意的人不同意(父母陪读父母陪读), 因为这会让因为这会让我们养成依赖习惯我们养成依赖习惯, 结果将不会形成良好的学习习惯。结果将不会形成良好的学习习惯。However, others hold the opposite view becauseNearly 70% of us disagree since2021/7/231

21、9practice然而，其他人持反对意见，因为他们认为网然而，其他人持反对意见，因为他们认为网上交友浪费时间，影响学习。上交友浪费时间，影响学习。_Others, however, hold the opposite view, because they think making friends on line is a waste of time, which may affect their studies.2021/7/2320 写作必备句型写作必备句型 IIV. 个人观点个人观点As far as I am concerned, punishing passengers as well

22、 as the drivers is not only unfair but is also hard to carry out.For my part, I like animals, so I dont think it is bad to keep pets at home.For my part,As far as I am concerned, 2021/7/2321 写作必备句型写作必备句型 IIV. 个人观点个人观点句型：句型：1. _ 2._ 3._ 4. _ 5. _ In my view / opinion, As for me, I think/( agree with)

23、As far as I am concerned,.Personally, I strongly believe that For my part, I hold the opinion that2021/7/2322_, we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland better. 依我看依我看, 我们上大学可以接受更好的教育我们上大学可以接受更好的教育, 我们我们也因此能更好地服务祖国。也因此能更好地服务祖国。 _after long hours study, we can

24、relax ourselves by participating in school activities. 我的意见是长时间的学习后，参加学校活动可我的意见是长时间的学习后，参加学校活动可以让我们放松。以让我们放松。My opinion is thatIn my opinion2021/7/2323practice依我之见，依我之见，学生应该学生应该更多地关注更多地关注学习、健康、学习、健康、和安全和安全。_As far as Im concerned, students should paymore attention to our studies, health and safety.2

25、021/7/2324过渡词短语翻译：短语翻译：1. 表列举：表列举：比如，例如比如，例如 _2. 表并列或递进：表并列或递进：此外此外 _不仅不仅而且而且_for example, for instance, that is to saybesides / whats more / in addition / furthermore/ moreover/whats worse, worse stillnot onlybut also2021/7/23253. 表对比表对比一方面一方面另一方面另一方面_相反地相反地 _4. 表转折表转折虽然虽然, 尽管尽管_然而，但是然而，但是_on one h

26、and on the other hand; for one thing for another on the contrary/ by contrastdespite / in spite of / although / thoughhowever / yet / but2021/7/23265. 表原因表原因因为(加句子)_由于(加短语)_6. 表结果因此，所以_7. 表结论总之_because / since / asdue to / because of / owing to / on account oftherefore, thus, as a result, so in gene

27、ral /in short /in brief/ all in all / to sum up/to draw a conclusion / on the whole2021/7/2327 人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。同观点，并表达自己的看法。 参考词汇：参考词汇： 网络朋友网络朋友 on-line friend(s)， 上当受骗上当受骗 to be cheated赞成的理由赞成的理由反对的理由反对的理由你的看法你的看法1广交朋友

28、广交朋友2可自由表达思可自由表达思想想3利于外语学习利于外语学习1浪费时间浪费时间2影响学习影响学习3可能上当受骗可能上当受骗？2021/7/2328 Recently, our class had a discussion about the topic “Should students make friends on line?” _ _ _ _ _ Para1 (Group 1:arguments for the opinion and reasons)Para2 (Group 2: arguments against the opinion and reasons)Para3 (Gro

29、up 3: personal opinions)2021/7/2329 some students think its good to make friends on line. In their opinion, the Internet helps them make more friends, and chatting on line gives them more freedom to express themselves. Whats more, they think that if they make foreign friends on line itll help them w

30、ith their English learning.Para12021/7/2330 Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which may affect their studies. Besides, some students may get cheated on line.Para22021/7/2331 As far as Im concerned, we should pay more attention to our studies, health and safety. As for friendship, we can find it in our