(完整版)介词用法归纳,推荐文档

1、实用标准文案1、about 关于Do you know someth ing about Tom ?What about this coat ?(.怎么样)2、after 在.之后I m going to see you after supper.Tomlooked after his sick mother yesterday.(照看)3、across 横过Can you swim across the river.4、aga inst反对Are you for or aga inst me?Nothingcould make me turn againstmycountry.(背叛)5、a

2、long 沿着We walked along the river bank.6、before 在.之前I hope to get there before seven o clock.It looks as though it will snow before long.(不久)7、behind 在.后面The sun is hidde n beh ind the clouds.8、by 到.时We had learned ten English songs by the end oflast term.9、during 在.期间10、except 除了Every one except you

3、 an swered the question correctly.11、for 为了The students are studying hard for the people.12、from 从I come from Shan ghai.13、in 在.里on 在.上面under 在.下面There are two balls in/on/un der thedesk.14、near 在.附近We live n ear the park.15、of的Do you know the n ame of the winner.16、over 在.正上方There is a bridge over

4、the river.Tom goes over his En glish every day.(复习)17、round/around 围绕The students stand around the teacher.18、to 朝方向Can you tell methe way to the cinema.19、towards 朝着介词(preposition)又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。一、 介词从其构成来看可以分为：1、简单介词( Simple prepositions ) 如： at ,by, for, in, from, si

5、nce, through等；2、复合介词( Compo und prepositi ons ) 如： on to, out of, without, towards等;3、 短语介词(phrasal prepositi ons)如；because of, in stead of, on acco unt of, in spite of, i n front of等;4、二重介词(double prepositions ) 如：from behind, from under, till after等;5、 分词介词(participialprepositions)，又可称动词介词 (verbal

6、 prepositions )如：during,concerning, except ing, con sideri ng, past等。二、常见介词的基本用法实用标准文案20、with 和一起Would you like to go to the cinema with学习这些介词时可以先记住它的汉语意思，然后参照例句来加深理解，并在今后的学习中加以 灵活运用。三、常用易混淆介词辨析1、after/ in皆可表示时间在.之后，其区别为：after 1 ）表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。如：We ll go out for a walk after supper.2 ）表示“一段时间之后”

7、，用于过去时。如：My mother came home after half an hour.in 表示“一段时间之后”，用于将来时。如：We ll go to school in two weeks.2、at/in/onat seven o clock （具体某一时刻用 at）in April /in April,2002（具体某一月份或年份用in ）on April 5,2002/on the morni ng of Mon day（具体某一天用 on）3、in /by /withHe writes in black ink.（用.材料）The guard cut one boot op

8、e n with a knife.（用.工具）She always goes to school by bike.（用.手段）4、between /amongCan you say the differe nces betwee n the two words?（两者之间）Premier Chou En-lai lives among the people for ever.（三者或三者以上）5、besides /exceptWe have see n the crocodile besides Li Fang.（除.之外，还有）全部计算在内We are all Chin ese except

9、 Tom in our class.（除. 之外）不计算在内6、on /over/ aboveThere is a boat on the deskThere is a bridge over the river.覆盖在某物上。）（在某物面上，与此物接触。）（在某物正上方，与此物不接触，或横在某物上，或She spread a cloth over the table.He held his heads above his head.7、on/in / toMon golia is on the north of china.Japa n is to the east of china. Ta

10、iwan is in the east of China.（“在上”，强调“高于。”）（与中国接壤，不属于中国）（不属于中国，且不接壤）（台湾属于中国）8、since /forme?实用标准文案since表示从过去某一时间以来精彩文档实用标准文案The desk is made of wood（看得出材料）Paper is made from wood.（看不出材料）The bread is made up of flour, sugar and milk.（由数种成分组成）10、by /onHe used to go to school by bike.（抽象概括）He came to sc

11、hool on this bike yesterday.（具体至 U 哪一辆车）11、of /forIt s kind of you to come to see me.（既说明不定式本身特点，又说明逻辑主语的品性）It s important for you students to learn English well.（只说明不定式本身的特征）12、of /inThis is the most interesting of all the stories. China has the largest populati on in the world.13、of /about /on 表示谈

12、及，论述”Do you know of America n sin ger Joh n Denver?I have never heard about him.（表示谈论等深一步的关系）This book is on grammar. （以.为主要内容）14、through /past/acrossThe new railway runs through the small tow n.（穿过）He walked slowly past the tall buildi ng.（从旁边经过）Mary walked across the park to do some shopp ing.（强调从

13、一边至 U 另一边）15、by/ with 通过. 手段We write with a pen.（表示较具体的事物）There s nothing to gain by waiting.（表示扌由象）16、 despite = in spite of（介词）/ although（连词）despite 是介词，后面接名词或动名词，不能跟句子although 是连词，后面要跟句子。Although I was ill yesterday, I still went to school.Despite failure in the exam, I still have a cha nce to wi

14、n in the term.17、as /like as 1 ）用作介词时意思为“作为，充当”如：for 表示一段时间I have bee n livi ng here since 1982.I have bee n livi ng here for 20 years.9、of /from（自 1982 年以来，我一直住在这里）（我已经在这里住了 20 年了）（从个体的集体着眼） （从总体概括着眼）（涉及浅层关系）实用标准文案She acted as an in terpreter.2 ）用作连词时 意思为“像.一样；当，由于”As it was cold, I didn t go outsi

15、de.like 用作介词，意思为像一样Joh n sings like a ni ghti ngale.精彩文档18、by day （指白天）/ by the day （按日计算） I worked here by day and I am paid by the day.一、3.表示地点时 at, in, on 的区别5.表方位的介词 in, on, to, off 的区别 in 表示在境内. on 表示相邻或在边界上，不在境内. to 表示在境外，不接壤. off表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方Guan gdo ng lies_ the south of China and Fujia n is

16、 _the east of it. Hainan is_ the coast of the mainland.二表示时间介词1. at, in, on 的区别1 The train leaves _ 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at the latest.A. at; un til B. for; after C. at; by D. before;aro und2 The old man died_ cold_a cold ni ght.A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; duri n

17、g3 The railway was ope ned_ traffic_ April 4, 1985.A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; onin ,on, at的区别和用法1）at表示在某一时刻或短暂的时间。at one o clock （在一点钟），at daw n （在黎明），at sun rise （在日出时）， at noon（在正午），at that time（在那时），at the last moment（在最后一刻），at breakfast（在早餐时）at darkat亦可表示年龄”、 节日”等。at the age of twenty

18、 （在二十岁时），at Mid-autumn（在中秋节时），at Christmas（在圣诞节时）2）in用来表示某年、某月、季节、上下午、傍晚等时间in 1998 in May, in May, 1998in the morni ngafternoo nevening，in the night （特指某一夜间，而at night 表泛指的夜间），in the day （在白天）in summerin the twentieth centuryin modern timesin one s old age（在某人晚年） in one s tee ns / twen ties/ thirties

19、, in one s youth in the day time in one s life in实用标准文案the past inthose days in the future3）on 用于某日或特定某日的早晚、上下午等。on Sunday （在星期日），on October the first ， 1999 （在 1999 年 10 月 1 日），on Monday morning（在星期日早晨），on a cold evening（在一个寒冷的晚上） ，on New Year s Eve（新年前夕）on Christmas Day精彩文档实用标准文案At 9 on the mornin

20、g of April,1976At 9 in the morning in April , 19762.i n, with in, after的区别和用法1） in表从现在时间角度看将来，意为“在之后“，“过若干时间就”。The project will be fini shed in a week.2 ） within表示期限，意为“在某时间之内”。（将来或过去）He must be back with in a week.他必须一周之内回来。3 ） after 表示“什么时间之后”，后可接表某一时刻或某种活动的词。The meal was ready after thirty minu t

21、es.三十分钟后饭熟了。We left after the party.晚会后我们离开了。My father will be back from abroad in three days.He left home and went to the front after two days two days laterI ll go and see her after three o clock.after+ 一段时间，常与过去时连用after +时间上的一点，常与将来时连用In the past, no villagers dared do that.In the pastlast few ye

22、ars, great changes have taken place in the village.4. duri ng, for的区别和用法during 表示“在（某一段时间）内”，“在期间”，用于已知一段时间或已限定的时期或阶段。 for 用来指延续一段时间。例女口 I went to sha nghai duri ng the vacatio n and stayed there for 20 days.我假期里去了上海并在那儿呆了二十多天。5. by, till / un til的区别和用法1） by 表示到某时某事已发生或已出现情况，经常与完成时连用；till 表示行动或状态一直迟

23、续到某一时间（肯定句中延续动词）。We discussed about the matter till/un til midni ght.我们一直谈那件事，直到午夜时分。（mid ni ght 指动作的终点）.You must hand in your term paper by n ext Mon day.你必须在下星期日之前交学期论文。（不晚于星期一，可以是星期一，也可以是这之前某个时间发生）2）till / until经常用在否定句中，译作“到才”，强调时间晚了。.例女口 He didn t arrive until ten o clock.他直到十点钟才来。实用标准文案By sea b

24、y water by land by air by rail精彩文档工具、手段、方式介词实用标准文案By bike by bus by taxi by pla ne by ship by boat by train by spaceshipIn the a pla ne, on a the train, on the a my bike, on foot, on a horseWith + a the my +有形的工具或身体某些器官With a pen with our eyesBy in on overthrough等多用与无形的工具或手段by hand in ink on the tel

25、eph one over the radio through the telescope使用语言，原料， 材料用 in in English in blue inkIn this that the same wayBy thisthat meansBy means ofWith this that method常见介词对比on 关于”，学术性强：a lecture on computerabout 关于”，知识性或随便谈论：a discussi on about the pla nbe familiar with sb./sth.熟悉某人 / 某be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉

26、be strict with sb.be strict in sth.shout to 呼喊,对某人严格要求 严格对待某事 向喊shout atat least 至少对吼，责骂in the least丝毫，一点in the end = at last= fin allyby the end of至 U末止at the end of在结束时，在末端，in the way 挡路，障碍，妨碍in a way在某点上，在某种程度上by the way 顺便问一下on one s way(to) 在路上after a time = after some time过一段时间后behi nd time 迟到

27、，过期ahead of time 提前，超前 sometime 某时some time 某段时间，某一时期 练习1、Could you tell mesomething _UFOs?精彩文档sometimes 有时at a time = each time 每次at one time = once 曾经in the air 空中，在流传on the air播出for a mome nt = for a while/mi nute 一会儿 for themome nt 暂时 in a mome nt 立刻 at the moment当时themome nt/minu te/sec on d/in sta nee=assoon as 一就be tired of 讨厌 be tired withfrom因而疲倦be pleased with +名词/what 从句 对满 意be pleased at+抽象名词听/看到而高兴be known to sb. 为某人所知be known as 作为而出名，被叫作 beknown for因而出名be busy with sth.忙于某事be busy(i n) doi ng sth.忙着做某事I am