固体物理第二章4

1、指固体受到外力时，内部产生的抵抗形变的弹性恢复力指固体受到外力时，内部产生的抵抗形变的弹性恢复力jiee),(321 jieeTijjiij321eee,333231232221131211TTTTTTTTT,;,;, 333231232221131211TTTTTTTTTT nnSTSTlim0kTjTiTTkTjTiTTkTjTiTTzzyzxzzzyyyxyyzxyxxxxzzST nnST xxST yzxnyyST yxTzxTxxTyyTzyTxyTyzTzzTxzTzxykTjTiTTkTjTiTTkTjTiTTzzyzxzzzyyyxyyzxyxxxxTij zzzyzxyzy

2、yyxxzxyxxnTTTTTTTTTTzxTxxTyyTzyTxyTyzTzzTxzTzxyzyxTTTyxxyxzzxzyyzTTTTTT ,)(,1654321xyzxyzzzyyxxTTTTTTTTTTTT 345426561TTTTTTTTTTn zzzyzxyzyyyxxzxyxxTTTTTTTTT比较yxzzTyxzTzzTxzyyTxzyTyyTzyxxTzyxTxxTxzxzxzxyxyxyxxxxxx)( xTxx )(xxTxx y x z 作用在体积元上的应力作用在体积元上的应力xyzzTyTxTTxzxyxxx )( xTxx )(xxTxx y x z 作用在体积元

3、上的应力作用在体积元上的应力)(2 zTyTxTTzTyTxTTzTyTxTTzzzyzxzyzyyyxyxzxyxxxzyxzTyTxTxzxyxx BAP ,kujuiuuzyx xuxudxxuuSxxxxxxx 0limyuSyyy xuxudxxuuyyyyx 0lim yux yuxuSSxyyxxy21)(21 zuxuSSyuzuSSzuSxzxzzxzyzyyzzzz21,21, zzzyzxyzyyyxxzxyxxSSSSSSSSSS6,5,4,3,2,1yxxyxzzxzyyzzzyyxxxuyuSSSzuxuSSSyuzuSSSyxyxxyxzxzzxzyzyyz 65

4、4222222 tSSSSSSS654321654321SSSSSS 666262161665625215156462421414636232131362622212126162121111scscscTscscscTscscscTscscscTscscscTscscscT ScTSSSSSSccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccTTTTTT )(3654321666564636261565554535251464544434241363534333231262524232221161514131211654321)6,2,1(61 ScT)6,2,1(61

5、TsS 1 cs 662616262212161211cccccccccC 1sc 662616262212161211cccccccccC6,5,4,3,2,1yxxyxzzxzyyzzzyyxxzzxyyx ,33,12,21 2112,3231,1323,3333,1122,2211 333222111621,12513,31432,2322,3122,132511,221211,1111orCCCCCCC如：如： 664644565455363435331614151311262425232122665655464544363534332625242322161514131211211

6、2,3231,1323,3333,1122,2211 664554331221 , 66464456545536343533161415131126242523212266565546454436353433262524232216151413121166,33,120564656, 0343534, 0241524, 0142514, 0455445, 03636,2616,5544,2313,2211 6604400440003316001311160013121113 ,22, 3123 , 32, 11顺：绕顺：绕yx3123126655443322111312,2131,3223,2

7、233,3322,111156,6-5,4423,32,11 444444111212121112121211000000000000cccccccccccc)(1 zTyTxTfzTyTxTfzTyTxTfzzzyzxzyzyyyxyxzxyxxx)(2222222 zTyTxTtwzTyTxTtvzTyTxTtuzzzyzxyzyyyxxzxyxx )(3345224262256122 zTyTxTtwzTyTxTtvzTyTxTtu nzmylxR xR lyR mzR n 222()Rlmnlxm yn z 222x lR ly mR mznR n 2221lmnRlxm yn z n

8、zmylxR yzxR( , , )P x y zkij142536;uwvSSxyzvuwSSyzxwvuSSzxy )6,2,1(61 ScT142536uwvSlSmnRRRvuwSmSnlRRRwvuSnSlmRRR znRymRxlRnzmylxR265122624225342(3)TTTuxyztTTTvxyztTTTwxyzt) 6, 2 , 1(61 ScT142536uwvSlSmnRRRvuwSmSnlRRRwvuSnSlmRRR )(4223322322231222223222222212222132212221122 RwRvRutwRwRvRutvRwRvRutu 2

9、2211116655561516222l cm cn cmncnlclmc 2222332562434442336452546()()()l cm cn cmn ccnl cclm cc 22212211626454625()l cm cn cmn cc 2221331154635453613551456()()()l cm cn cmn ccnl cclm cc 22222662244244626222l cm cn cmncnlclmc22233554433343545222l cm cn cmncnlclmc (5) 000000000)(000000000)(lmlnmnnmlclmn

10、lnmmnlij )4(223322322231222223222222212222132212221122RwRvRutwRwRvRutvRwRvRutu wvu, rqp,2222Rcteff effc)(,6 rwqvpurwqvpu 2222Rcteff )(4223322322231222223222222212222132212221122 RwRvRutwRwRvRutvRwRvRutu )(,6 rwqvpurwqvpu 222222tutpRpceff22132212221122132212221122RrRqRpRwRvRutu131211rqppceff232221rqp

11、qceff333231rqprceffuprwqvpu22rwqvpu)7(333231232212131211effeffeffrcrqpqcrqppcrqp)(80332313232212131211 effeffeffccceffc),(;,32121 icvieff 001 nml, 444444111212121112121211000000000000cccccccccccc222111144121244131244()()()l cmn clm ccnl cc 231244222224411222334411()()()mn ccln cm clm cn c 001 nml,11

12、11121300c 23224433440cc 0000000444411 effeffeffcccccc)7(333231232212131211effeffeffrcrqpqcrqppcrqp,443442111cccccceffeffeff ),( ;,32121 icvieff 1001 1）0011111 rqpccveff,;, 0102 2）0104422 rqpccveff,;, 0013 3）1004433 rqpccveff,;, nmrBrAru )()1(0)(10100 nmrrrBrmAdrrdu)2(10mnmAnBr )3(1)(0000 nmrArBrArum

13、nm.8)(,3000eVruAr )4()(2)(2011ruNruNEjjb ,40eVNE8eV42NE2)u(rb081)210(3AB )6(454102138)5(65613528AAAAB )/(9020AeVA )/(11809890656151100AeVB )7(0220VVUKV )8(2)(2 nmrBrANruNU)9(3rNV 00022000VdVdrrUVVVUVVVUKVVV )10(022200000VrUdVdrVrUVdVdrrrVr 2030rNdrdVr )11(31200rNdVdrr mnmnmrmArBnnmrmANrBnnrAmmNrU020202022)1(12)1()1(20 )12(2)1(122020220nmrmANnmrmANrUmmr )13()(18)(29103030204022mnrArmNrmnrmANrNKmm nmnrANruNEm0002)(2 )14(22000ENnNnEmnrAm 300rNV)15(9900300VEmnrNEmnK nmrBrAru )()