2022年2022年初二英语语法总结及复习要点

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载初二英语语法总结1) leave 的用法1. “ leave地+ 点 ”表示 “离开某地 ”；例如：when did you leave shanghai.你什么时候离开上海的？2. “ leavefor+ 地点 ”表示 “动身去某地 ”；例如： next friday、 alice is leaving for london.下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了；3. “ leave地+ 点 +for+ 地点 ”表示 “离开某地去某地”；例如： why are you leaving shanghai for beijing.你为什么要离开上海去北京？2

2、) 情态动词 should “应当 ”学会使用should 作为情态动词用,常常表示意外.诧异.不能懂得等,有“竟会 ”的意思,例如：how should i know.我怎么知道？why should you be so late today.你今日为什么来得这么晚？should 有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如：we should help each other.我们应当相互帮忙；我们在使用时要留意以下几点：1. 用于表示 “应当 ”或“不应当 ”的概念；此常常指长辈教诲或批评晚辈；例如：you should be here with clean hands.你应当把手洗洁净了再来；2. 用

3、于提出看法劝导别人；例如：you should go to the doctor if you feel ill.假如你感觉不舒适,你最好去看医生；3. 用于表示可能性；should 的这一用法为考试中常常显现的考点之一；例如：we should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了；she should be here any moment.她随时都可能来；3) what.与 which.1. what 与 which 都为疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但为what 仅用来询问职业；如：what is your father.你父亲为干什么的？该句相当于：what

4、does your father do.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载what is your father's job. which 指代的为特定范畴内的某一个人；如：-which is peter.哪个为皮特？-the boy behind mary.玛丽背后的那个男孩；2. what. 为泛指,所指的事物没有范畴的限制；而which. 为特指,所指的事物有范畴的限制；如：what color do you like best.（全部颜色）你最宠爱什么颜色？which color do you like best、 blue、 green or ye

5、llow.（有特定的范畴）你最宠爱哪一种颜色？3. what 与 which 后都可以接单.复数名词和不行数名词；如：which pictures are from china.哪些图片来自中国？4) 频度副词的位置1. 常见的频度副词有以下这些： always （ 总 为 , 一 直 ） usually （通常）often （常常,常常） sometimes （有时候） never （从不）2. 频度副词的位置：a. 放在连系动词.助动词或情态动词后面；如： david is often arrives late for school.大卫上学常常迟到；b. 放在行为动词前；如：we usu

6、ally go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天常常在7 ： 10 去上学；c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调；如： sometimes i walk home、 sometime i rides a bike.有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载3.never 放在句首时,主语.谓语动词要倒装；如：never have i been there.5) every day与 everyday1. every day作状语,译为 “每一天 ”；如：we go to school at 7:10

7、every day.我们每天 7 ：10 去上学；i decide to read english every day.我打算每天读英语；2. everyday作定语,译为 “日常的 ”；she watches everyday english on tv after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语；what's your everyday activity.你的日常活动为什么？6) 什么为助动词1. 帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（auxiliary verb ）；被帮助的动词称作主要动词（main verb ）；助动词自身没有词义,不行单独使用,例如：he do

8、esn't like english.他不宠爱英语；（doesn't 为助动词,无词义；like 为主要动词,有词义）2. 助动词帮助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来：a. 表示时态,例如：he is singing.他在唱歌；he has got married.他已结婚；b. 表示语态,例如：he was sent to england.他被派往英国；c. 构成疑问句,例如：do you like college life.你宠爱高校生活吗？did you study english before you came here.你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d. 与否定副词not 合

9、用,构成否定句,例如：i don't like him.我不宠爱他；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载e. 加强语气,例如：do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上肯定来参与晚会；he did know that.他的确知道那件事；3. 最常用的助动词有：be、 have、 do、 shall、 will、 should、 would7) forget doing/to do与 remember doing/to do 1.forget to do遗忘要去做某事；未做 forget doing遗忘做过某事；已做 t

10、he light in the office is still on. he forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯仍在亮着,它遗忘关了；没有做关灯的动作 he forgot turning the light off.他遗忘他已经关了灯了； 已做过关灯的动作 don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来；to come 动作未做 典型例题- the light in the office is still on.- oh , i forgot .a. turning it off b. turn it offc. to turn it of

11、f d. having turned it off答案： c ；由 the light is still on可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己遗忘了这一事实；此处不符合题意；2.remember to do记得去做某事未做 remember doing记得做过某事已做 remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局；don't you remember seeing the man before.你不记得以前见过那个人吗

12、.8) it's for sb.和 it's of sb.1. for sb. 常用于表示事物的特点特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy、 hard、 difficult、 interesting、 impossible等：it's very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语为很难的；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载2. of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good、 kind、 nice、 clever、 foolish、 right；it

13、's very nice of you to help me.你来帮忙我,你真为太好了；3. for 与 of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子；假如道理上通顺用of,不通就用 for ；如：you are nice. 通顺,所以应用of ；he is hard. 人为困难的,不通,因此应用for ；9) 对两个句子的提问新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在实行的作法为对一个句子进行自由提问；例如：句子： the boy in blue has three pens.提 问 ： 1.who has three pens. 2

14、.which boy has three pens. 3.what does the boy in blue have.4. how many pens does the boy in blue have.很明显,同学多了更多的回答角度,也表达了考试的敏捷性；再如： 句子： he usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on sunday.提问： 1.who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on sunday. 2.where does he usually go w

15、ith his friends at 8:00 on sunday.3.what does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on sunday. 4.with whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on sunday.5.what time does he usually go to the park with his friends on sunday. 6.when does he usually go to the park with his friends.10) so .such 与不定冠

16、词的使用1. so 与不定冠词 a .an 连用,结构为 “ so+形容词 +a/an+ 名词 ”；如：he is so funny a boy. jim has so big a house.2. such 与不定冠词a.an 连用,结构为 “ such+a/an+形容词 +名词 ”；如：it is such a nice day.that was such an interesting story.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载11) 使用 -ing 分词的几种情形1. 在进行时态中；如：he is watching tv in the room.they

17、were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2. 在 there be 结构中；如：there is a boy swimming in the river.3. 在 have fun/problems结构中；如：we have fun learning english this term.they had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4. 在介词后面；如： thanks for helping me.are you good at playing basketball.5. 在以下结构中：

18、enjoy doing sth乐于做某事 finish doing sth完成做某事 feel like doing sth想要做某事 stop doing sth停止做某事 forget doing sth遗忘做过某事 go on doing sth连续做某事remember doing sth记得做过某事like doing sth宠爱做某事keep sb doing sth使某人始终做某事find sb doing sth发觉某人做某事see/hear/watch sb doing sth看到 / 听到 /观看某人做某事 try doing sth试图做某事need doing sth需

19、要做某事 prefer doing sth宁愿做某事 mind doing sth介意做某事 practice doing sth练习做某事 be busy doing sth忙于做某事精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载can't help doing sth禁不住做某事miss doing sth错过做某事12) 英语中的 “单数 ”1. 主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“ he、she、 it 代”替的；如： he、 she、 itmy friend、 his teacher、 our classroom、 tom、 mary's uncle2.

20、名词有单数名词和复数名词；如：man （单数） -men （复数） banana （单数） -bananas （复数）3. 动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing 分词,过去式,过去分词；如：go-goes-going-went-gonework-works-working-worked-workedwatch-watches-watching-watched-watched当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必需用相应的第三人称单数形式；如：the boy wants to be a sales assistant. our english teacher is from the us.th

21、eir daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式名词复数的构成可分为规章变化和不规章变化两种；i 名词复数的规章变化1. 一般在名词词尾加-s；如：pear-pears hamburger-hamburgers desk-desks tree-trees2. 以字母 -s、 -sh、 -ch、 -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es ；如：class-classes dish-dishes watch-watches box-boxes3. 以字母 -o 结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es ；如：potato-potatoes t

22、omato-tomatoes negro-negroes hero-heroes4. 以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的名词,将-y 变为 -i、再加 -es ；如：family-families dictionary-dictionaries精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载city-cities country-countries5. 以字母 -f 或-fe 结尾的名词,将 -f 或-fe 变为 -v ,再加 -es ；如： half-halves leaf-leavesthief-thieves knife-knives self-selves wife-wives

23、life-lives wolf-wolves shelf-shelves loaf-loaves但为：scarf-scarvesfes roof-roofs serf-serfs gulf-gulfschief-chiefs proof-proofs belief-beliefsii 名词复数的不规章变化1. 将-oo 改为 -ee ；如： foot-feet tooth-teeth2. 将-man 改为 -men ；如： man-men woman-womenpoliceman-policemen postman-postmen3. 添加词尾；如： child-children4. 单复数同

24、形；如：sheep-sheep deer-deer fish-fish people-people5. 表示 “某国人 ”的单.复数变化；即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s 加后面 ”；如：chinese-chinese japanese-japanese swiss-swissenglishman-englishmen frenchman-frenchmenamerican-americans australian-australians canadian-canadians korean-koreans russian-russians indian-indians精品学习资料精选学习资料

25、 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载6. 其它；如： mouse-miceapple tree-apple treesman teacher-men teachers14) 双写最终一个字母的-ing 分词中学阶段常见的有以下这些：1. let letting让 hit hitting打.撞cut cutting 切.割get getting 取.得到sit sitting坐forget forgetting 遗忘 put putting 放set setting 设置babysit babysitting 暂时受雇照料婴儿2. shop shopping 购物trip trippnig 绊

26、 stop stopping 停止drop dropping 舍弃3. travel travelling旅行swim swimming游泳 run running 跑 步dig digging 挖.掘begin beginning 开头prefer preferring 宁愿 plan planning 方案15) 确定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词1. some 变 为 any ； 如 ： there are some birds in the tree.there aren't any birds in the tree.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢

27、迎下载但为,如在表示请邀请.恳求的句子中,some 可以不变；如：would you like some orange juice.与此相关的一些不定代词如something、 somebody等也要进行相应变化；2. and 变为 or ；如：i have a knife and a ruler.idon't have a knife or a ruler.3.a lot of =lots of变为 many 或 much ；如： they have a lot of friends.（可数名词） they don't have many friends.there is l

28、ots of orange in the bottle.（不行数名词） there isn't much orange in the bottle.4.already 变为 yet ；如： i have been there already.ihaven't been there yet.16) in 与 afterin 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区分；1. in 常常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间；如：he will leave for beijing in a week.一周后他会动身去北京；2. after 常常用于过去时的句子中,以过

29、去为起点,表示过去一段时间；如：he left for beijing after a week.一周后他动身去了北京；不过,假如 after 后跟的为详细的时刻,它也可用于将来时；如：we will finish the work after ten o'clock.十点后我们会完成工作的；3. 留意区分以下的in 的用法；i'll visit him in a week.一周后我会去拜望他；i'll visit him twice in a week.一周内我会去拜望他两次；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载17) 不定冠词 a 与 an

30、 的使用1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；如：there is a "b" in the word "book".单词 book 中有个字母b；类似的字母仍有：c、 d、 g、 j、 k、 p、 q、 t、 u、 v、 w、 y、 z；she has a small knife.她有一把小刀；2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前；如：there is an "i" in the word "onion".单词 onion 中有个字母i；类似的字母仍有：a、 e、 f、 h、 l、 m、 n、 o、 r、 s、 x

31、；do you have an umbrella.你有一把雨伞吗？3. 以元音字母开头的单词前面不肯定都用an ；以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不肯定都用a；如： a useful booka universea one-letter word an houran unclean umbrellaan honest person18) 如何表达英语中的“穿.戴 ”？英语中表示 “穿.戴 ”的表达方法有好几种,常见的有以下这些：1.put on 主要表达 “穿”的动作；如：he put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套；you'd better put on your shoes.你

32、最好穿上你的鞋子；2.wear 主要表示 “穿.戴 ”的状态；如：the old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜；the girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙；3.dress 可作及物动词,有“给. 穿衣 ”的意思,后接 “人”,而不为 “衣服 ”；如：精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载please dress the children right now.请立刻给孩子们穿上衣服；dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着的习惯；如：the woman always dresses i

33、n green.那位妇女总为穿绿色的衣服；4.be in 表示穿着的状态；如：john is in white today.约翰今日穿白色的衣服；the man in black is a football coach.19) a little、 a few与 a bit ofa little、 a few与 a bit of 都有 “一些.少量 ”的意义；他们的区分在哪里呢？1. a little 意为 “一些.少量 ”,后接不行数名词；如： there is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水；仍可以接形容词；如：he is a little shy.

34、他有些害羞；2. a few 意为 “一些.少数 ”,后接复数的可数名词；如：there are a few people in the room.房间里有一些人；3. a bit 意为 “一点儿 ”,后接形容词；如：it's a bit cold.有点冷；a bit of 后接不行数名词；如：he has a bit of money.他有一点儿钱；4. a little 表确定意义, little 表否定意义； a few 表确定意义, few 表否定意义；如：there is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水；there is littl

35、e soda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了；i have a few chinese friends. 我有一些中国伴侣；few people like him.几乎没有人宠爱他；5. a little = a bit of、后接不行数名词；a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of、后接形容词,意为“有点儿 ”；20) 关于 like 的用法like 可以作动词,也可以作介词；1.like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好.宠爱 ”,有泛指的含义；如：do you like the color.你宠爱这种颜色吗？精品学习资料精选学习资料

36、- - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载like 后可接不定式（ like to do sth ）,也可接动词的-ing 分词（ like doing sth ）,有时意思不尽相同；如：she likes eating apples.她宠爱吃苹果；（习惯）she likes to eat an apple.她宠爱吃一粒苹果；（平常不宠爱吃） like 与 would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的恳求；如： would you like a cup of tea.您情愿喝杯茶吗？ “宠爱某人做某事”可以用结构 “ likesb to do sth/doingsth ”；如：they all l

37、ike me to sing/singing english songs.他们都宠爱我唱英文歌；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2.like 作介词,可译成 “像.；如”：精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载she is friendly to us like a mother.她对我们友好,就像母亲一样； it looks like an orange.它看起来像个桔子； 3.区分以下句子：a. what does he look like.b. what is he like.a 句译为 “他长相如何？ ”指一个人的外貌特点；而b 句译为 “他人怎么样？ ”指人的性

38、格特点；c. the boy like peter is over there.d. a boy like peter can't do it.a 句指外貌相像,而d 句指性格相像；21) stop to do sth与 stop doing sth1. stop to do sth意为 “停下来去做某事 ”；如：the students stop to listen to their teacher.同学们停下来去听他们老师讲话；2. stop doing sth意为 “停止做某事 ”；如：the students stopped talking.同学们停止了谈话；与它们相反的句式为

39、：go on to do sth“连续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”和 go on doing sth“连续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”；如：he finishes his homework and goes on to study english.他完成了作业,接着连续去念英语；they went on playing games.他们连续玩嬉戏；-精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载初二英语1 7 单元复习要点1. w elcome back to school.欢 迎 返 校 ！2. have fun doing sth.做 某 事 很 开 心 w e have fu

40、n talking with mr. green.3. make fun of取 笑 , 捉 弄it s wrong to make fun of the old people.4. call one s name点 名the teacher is calling thestudents names.5. on time准 时 , 按 时he always comes to school on time.6. with one s best wishes致 以 最 美 好 的 祝 愿7. best wishes to you for teachersday. 致 以 教 师 节 最 美 好 的

41、 祝 愿8. it doesn t matter.没 有 关 系9. wish sb.祝 愿 某 人（ 后 常 接 名 词 ） ； w e wish you a happy new year.10. wish sb. to do sth.希 望 某 人 做 某 事 i wish you to be a teacher.11. thanks for n./v.ing.因 某 事 向 某 人 致 谢 thanks for teaching us so well.12. give a talk做 报 告mr. green is going to give us a talk onenglish st

42、udy.13. have a talk听 报 告we are going to have a talk in the hallthis afternoon.14. think about考 虑 , 思 考he is thinking about going to japan for a holiday.15. think of想 到 , 想 起w e should think more of others.16. what to say.动 词 不 定 式 可 以 接 在 where、 how、 when、 which、 who等 疑 问 词 后 , 构 成 短语 ；i don t know

43、where i shall go.=i don t know where to go. please tell me how i can do the work.=please tell me how to do the work.17. have an idea、 have some ideas有 主 意18. i have no idea=i don t know不 知 道19. the difference betweenand与之 间 的 不 同 点20. given name=first name名 字 full name全 名21. be different from与不 同 be

44、 the same as与相 同 the weather in beijing is different from that in australia=the weather in beijing is not the same as that in australia.22. the meaning of的 意 思 w hat s the meaning of this word.=what does this wordmean.=what do you mean by this word.23. be important to sb.对 某 人 很 重 要 english is impor

45、tant to us.比 较 ： it s important for us to learn english well.对 我 们 来 说 学 好 英 语 很 重 要 ；24. be short for简 称 , 缩 写 式tv is short for television.25. callfor short简 称 为 w e call television tv for short.26. be/feel sorry for sb.为 某 人 感 到 难 过 i feel sorry for you.27. be/feel sorry for sth./doing sth.为 （ 做 ）

46、 某 事 感 到 后 悔 / 抱 歉 i am sorry for being late.28. be sorry to do sth.因 做 某 事 很 难 过 i am sorry to hear that.用 于 听 到 坏 消 息 表 示 同 情 ；29. be sorry that +主 谓 句 ； 因 某 事 而 感 到 后 悔 i am sorry that i am late.30. say sorry to sb.向 某 人 道 歉 you should say sorry to your teacher.31. be afraid of sb./sth/doing sth.

47、害 怕 某 人 / 某 事 / 做 某 事 i am afraid of climbing trees.32. be afraid to do sth不 敢 去 做 某 事she is afraid to go out at night.33. be afraid that+主 谓 句 ；恐 怕i am afraid that i can t help you.34. only a little仅 有 一 点 点 i know only a little english.35. only a few仅 有 几 个 the farm is only a few kilometers away.3

48、6. know a lot about了 解 很 多 关 于的 情 况精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载37. make sb. sth=make sth. for sb.为 某 人 制 作类 似 词 组 有 ： buy/mend/cook/grow sb. sth=buy/ mend/cook/grow sth. for sb.为 某 人 购 买 / 修 理 / 烹 调 / 种 植 某 物仍 有 一 些 动 词 也 可 跟 双 宾 语 , 但 它 们 所 用 的 介 词 为 to , 而 不 为 for ； 例 如 ：pass/give/ show/teach/t

49、ell sb. sth=pass/give/show/teach/tell sth. to sb.38. sound like听 起 来 像it sound like a bird.39. sound 形 容 词听 起 来the song sounds beautiful.40. notany more（ 句 末 ） =no more（ can、 be动 词 后 行 为 动 词 前 ） 不 再i can t help you any more=i can no more helpyou. he doesn t go there any more=he no more goesthere.41.

50、 a waste of time/money时 间 / 金 钱 的 浪 费it s a waste of time if you go on like this.42. waste time doing sth.浪 费 时 间 做 某 事don t waste time doing anything hopeless.43. many times很 多 次 i read the text many times.44. would like sth. =want sth想 要 某 物 i would like some help.45. would like to do sth.想 做 某 事i

51、 would like to visit the great wall.46. would like sb. to do sth.想 让 某 人 做 某 事 i would like him to help me.47. discuss sth =talk about sth.讨 论48. go on a trip=make a trip=have a trip=take a trip旅 行 , 后 接 介 词 to 的 短 语 表 示 去 向 . i am going on a happy trip to japan next monday.49. go on常 与 旅 游 , 远 足 ,

52、野 餐 , 航 海 等 名 词 连 用 , 表 示 “ 去 , 进 行 ”50. go on a picnic=have a picnic举 行 野 餐51. go on a hike= go hiking去 远 足52. go on仍 有 “ 继 续 ” 的 意 思 , 后 接 v.ingafter a short rest、 i go on writing the letter.53. go+v.ing.表 示 去 从 事 某 一 活 动 ；54. go boating/shopping/swimming/hiking/skiing/skating/dancing/sailing/clim

53、bing55. do some +v、ing表 示 “ 干 , 做”56. do some reading/shopping/cleaning/washing/writing/running/speaking57. go/ walk/run the wrong way走 错 路58. be good at sth =do well in sth.擅 长 于he is good at english=he does well in english.59. be good at doing sth、擅 长 于 做he is good at singing/swimming/drawing/playingfootball.60. be good to sb.=be friendly to s