(word完整版)现在完成时整理归纳,推荐文档

1、1现在完成时讲解部分现在完成时的构成：助动词 have （ has） +过去分词 1 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。（洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是衣服干净了 ”）现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already （已经用于肯定句的中间和末尾处）never（从不”用于中间处）ever （”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处）just （ “刚冈 U ”用于中间处）yet （已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/还”用于否定句的末尾处）或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用1.现在

2、完成时的”完成用法”A、定义现在完成时的”完成用法”指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束但该动作对现在 产生了影响与现在情况具有因果关系。例如 He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。（动作结束于过去但说明的是现在的情况-灯现在不亮了。）B、特点现在完成时”完成用法的特点是动作不延续因此该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语（如 already yet beforer ecently 等）、频度时间状语（如 never ever once 等）、包括 现在时刻在内的时间状语（如 this morni ng/ mon th /year.today 等）连用。例如 Hav

3、e you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗？2.现在完成时的”未完成用法”3.A、定义现在完成时的未完成用法”指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻一直延续到现在或可能还要继续下去。4.例如 He has lived here si nee 1978.自从 1978 年以来他一直住在这儿。（动作起始于 1978年一直住到现在可能还要继续住下去。）5.I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。（动作开始于 5 年前一直延续至今/翅有可能还要继续下去。）6.B、特点 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的

4、状语（由 since 或 for 引导）或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语（如 up tonow=so far 到目前为止）等。例如 I have heard noth ing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。注意现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。女口come go arrive leave join become 等。现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成 的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：The pla ne h

5、as arrived .飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years.我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延 续到现在，还可能会继续。）2I taught here for a year.我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示 我 现在已经不在这儿任教了）31. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点 只在于陈述一件过去的事情不强调对现在产生的影响。 女口 He visi

6、ted Guilin in 1998.他 1998 年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如 Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)3. 两种时态的区分(1) 一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是”助动词 have /has +过去分词 。女口 The film started at 7 o cloCke has been a teacher for many years.(2) 般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语

7、连用。如yesterday, last week, two years ago,just now, in 2002 等 而现在完成时则常与 just, already, ever, never 等副词和 these days, this week, si nee., for.等表示一段时间的状语连用。have been in, have been to 与 have gone to 的用法区另 U一、 have(has) been in 表示 在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Sha

8、nghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。此外还有这些搭配：have bee n here (there) /at home (school) /on the farmhave bee nhere (there) / abroad (国夕卜)二、 have(has)been to 表示 曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never 等连用，例如： I have just been to the post office.我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall.玛丽从未去过长城。Have

9、 you ever been to Hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：I have been to Beijing three times.我去过北京三次。They have been to that village several times.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。三、 have(has) gone to 意为到某地去了 ”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话 时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。例如：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the booksho

10、p.汤姆在哪里？他到书店去了。Jack Joh nson has gone to London.杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。现在完成时练习部分用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Ialready(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2.- -he(fin ish) his work today ?- Not yet .3.- -you(be) to Hong Kong ?-Yes, I(be) there twice .4.you ever(eat ) chocolate ?-No, n ever.5. My fatherjust(come) back from wo

11、rk. Heis tired now46. Where Li Ming ? He_ (go) to the teacher s office.57. Shanghai _ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago.Now it _ (become) alarge city.8. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.9. - I _ (see) the film“ Chicken Run ” .- Where and when _ you _ (see) it? - Last week.10. Mary _ a

12、lready _ (have) her supper.11. I _ (not want) to see the film. I _ (see) it with my parents. We_ (see) it last Sunday.12. -_ Uncle Wang _ (mend) the TV yet?-Yes, he_.-When _ he _ it? - Yesterday.13._ you _ (read) today s newspaper yet?14 They _ already_ (do) their homework. But they don t know what_

13、 (do)next.15. -_ you _ (see) the film last night?-No, I _ (see) it for several times.请尝试着做以下的练习1.I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.2.-How long _ the Smiths _(stay)here?- For two weeks.3.She _ (be) ill for three days.4.She_ (not read) this book before.5._ you ever _ (travel) on a train be

14、fore?6.- _ Wei Hua _ (come) yet?-Yes. She_ (come) already. She _ (come) just now.7.-How long _you _ (learn) English? -For more than two years.8.They _ (live) in China since they _ (move) to China.11. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.repairbepayruncutcatchfeelgetholdhurtleave

15、loseunderstandthrowsleepstudytakewear现在完成时态练习写出下列动词的的过去式和过去分词用所给动词的适当形式填空beginsendmove eatlearn winswimsing lay5. - I(see) the filmChicken Run ” last week.6- Where _ you _ (see) it?6. We _ (hold) a sports meeting next week.11. What _he _ (do) at 8:00 last night?12. Mum_ (cook) when I got home yester

16、day.13. I _ (not want) to see the film. I _ (see) it with my parents. We_ (see) it last Sunday.14. The teacher told us that the earth_ (travel) around the sun.15._ you _ (read) today s new?spaper yet16. They _ already_ (do) their homework.17._- Where is Jim?- He(water) the flowers in the garden.19.

17、A squirrel( 松鼠 )_ (hide) itself if it_ (feel) dangerous.20._-What_Tom(do) now?-He _ (work) on a maths problem.- _ He _ (work) it out?-No, not yet. I _ (think) he _ (work) it out soon.21. - I_ (hear) a lot about Hong Kong Disneyland recently.- Next time you go to Hong Kong, I will take you there.22.

18、Mary _ already _ (have) her supper.23. If hunters catch a giant panda, they_ (kill) it for its fur.24. My father_ (walk) to school from time to time.25. -Why are you late again?- Sorry, I_ (not be) late next time.26. - A man named Wang Hao_ (call) you twice just now.- He is one of my old friends. I_

19、 (not meet) him since I left for Hong Kong.27. My parents _ (return) today. Don t forget to meet them at the airport.28. -_ Uncle Wang _ (repair) the TV yet?-Yes, he_ .-When _ he _ (repair) it?- Yesterday.29. -I m hungry Mum.-Hungry? You _ just _ (eat) four hamburgers.30.- _ you _(be) to Beijing?-Ye

20、s, I _ already _(be) there twice.三翻译句子1. 他自从去了美国以后就没给我写过信。He_since_2. 我们足够幸运，可以看见国家的变化。We are _ to see_ with our eyes.3. 我原来居住的地方已变成了一个购物中心。The place I used to live in_4. 我不能像以前那样经常看到他们。I can t see them _5. 这家工厂过去常常把废弃物倒进河里。This factory _ into the river.、动词填空。1. She_(be) away from home for almost fo

21、ur years.2. The sun_(rise ) in the east.3. You look tired. Stop_ (work) and_ (have) a rest.4.1 _ ( not hear) from you for a long time.75. My brother_(be ) to En gla nd twice.6. Mr Gree n_(not come) back to China yet.7. Who_(teach ) you math last term?8. They_(go) to the shopp ing cen ter already.9.

22、Liste n, Xiao Li_(sing) in the n ext room.10. They_ (play) football whe n I walked past.二、句型转换(每空一词)。1. I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)I_bee n to Macau before.2. He hasn t come to schbecause he .s(就划线部分提问)he come to school?3. He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)_lear ned En glish ?4.1 bo

23、ught a new bike just now.(用 just 改写)I_just_ a new bike.5. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句 )We_En glish_three years6. He has lived here si nee 1999.(就划线部分提问)_ he_ here?7. They have already fini shed the work. 变否定They_the work_.8. My father got there two days ago. 同义句My father_ there

24、for two days.9. Mr. Li began to teach En glish in this school in 1999. 同义句Mr. Li_ En glish in this school si nee 1999.10. They have cleaned the room twice this week.(就划线部分提问)_ they_ the room this week?11. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. 同义句My father_ En gla nd_.选择题1. Li Hong has_ the arm

25、y for 2 years.A. joi ned B. be in C. bee n in D. joi ned in2. We have bee n friends since_.A. childre n B. five yearsC. five years ago D. five years before3. Mike _ the story book for a month.A. has boughtB. has had C. had had D. has borrowed4. You _ that question three times.A. already askedB. have

26、 already askedC. already have askedD. asked already5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _ .8A. since last week B. a week agoC. for a week D. since a week ago6. I _ at this school for two years.A. am studying B. studyC. studied D. have studied7.They _ in the city since last summer.A. live B. didn

27、t live C. have lived D. live8.Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992.A. since B. from C. after D. in9.Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998.A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to10. His father _ for years.A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies11. Mary _ to see the films bec

28、ause she _ it twice.A. won t go, sawB. won t go, will seeC. won t go, has seenD. didn ot, gsees12.- Would you like some more food?-Thank you. I _ enough.A. will haveB. have had C. have D. had13._ you _ England? Yes, it _ a beautiful country.A. Will, gone to, was B. Have, been to, isC. Had, been to,

29、isD. Have, gone to, is14._ you _ to Beijing?-No, I _.I _ there early next month.A. Have, been, haven t, am goingB. Had, been, hadn t, am goingC. Have, gone, haven t, winags goD. Did, go, didn t, was going15. Your sister _ to London to study English. Is that true? -Yes , she _ there for two months. A

30、.has been, has been B. will go, has goneC. gone, will beD. has gone, has been16. He has a computer of his own. He _ it two days ago.A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought17. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai.A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to18. He _ his homework and is now listen

31、ing to music.A. finishesB. has finished C. finish D. is finishing19. David _ Shanghai for more than three months.9A. came to B. has bee n to C. has bee n in D. has come to20. - Is your father a Party member?-Yes, he_the party three years ago. He_a Party member for three years.A. jo in ed; has bee n

32、B. has join ed; has bee nC. was join ed; isD. joi ned; was21. -What a nice bike! How lone_you_ it?Just five weeks.A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; hav ing D. have; had22. I_this book for a weekhave to retur n it now.A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept23. -_ your sister_ in Gree n China

33、 for a long time?Yes. She joined it five years ago.A. Has; bee n B. Have; bee n C. Has; jo ined D. Have; jo ined24. -How long have you_ from the USA?For three mon ths.A. come backB. retur nedC. go back D. bee n back25. I_this book for half a year.A. have bought B. have had C. bought D . had26. The s

34、tude nts are sorry to hear that famous sin ger_ for a year.A. has left B. has gone C. has bee n away D. has gone away27.-you_ your homework yet?-Yes, I_it just now.A. Did; do; fini shedB. Have; done; fini shedC. Have; done; have fini shedD. Will; do; fin ish28. The sand storm weatherin Beijing sever

35、al times this year.A. happe nB. happe ned C. has happe ned D. have happe ned29. -How long have you bee n here? -_ last mon th.A. ForB. Un tilC. BeforeD. Since30. He_ a cold for three days.A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught31. Jim Gree n_ in Ch ina for two years.A. has come B. has bee n C.

36、 has arrived D. came32. The film_for half an hour.A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn t begunD. began33.Where have you_ these days?I have_ to Beijing with my friends.A. been gone B.been beenC.gone been D.gone gone34 How long have you_this bookA. bought B.borrowed C. hadD.le nt35. We have lived here_

37、five years agoA. whe n B.si nee C.before D.after36 I have watched the game.When_you_ it ?A.have watched B.do watch1037 How do you like Beiji ng, Mr. Black?Oh I_ such a beautiful city.A don tisitB didn t visitC haven t visited D hadn t visited38Miss Brow n_to the Great Wall twice.A have bee n B has b

38、ee nC have gone D has gone39._Hisbrotherhas beento StoneForest twice _ he came to Yunnan A afterB before C si neeD for40._ His gran dpafor two years.A.was diedB.has bee n deadC.was deadD.has died练习：I .翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。4.他已经吃过午饭了。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。7.我上星期看过这部电影。8.在

39、 1992 年他住在这里。II .用过去时或现在完成时填空:_ . I_ (write) one last week. he (finish) his homework?“Notyet.they ever_ (be) abroad? “ Yes,just once.5. Your father_just_(fin ish) his work.6. Your father_(fini sh) his work just now.7. Last term I_ (lear n) many En glish words.8. They_(not read) the in terest ing boo

40、ks yet.C.did watchD.will watch1.When2.you_ youyou_(have) lunch ?“ Yes. ”_ (have) it? “I _(write) a letter to your aunt yet?(have) it at 12:00.Yes, I3.4.119. He_ n ever_ (go) to the scie nee museum.1210._ you ever _ (drink) coke?11.“ _you _ (buy) a dictionary? “Yes, I _“_ . ”“ Where_ you _ (buy) it?

41、” “ I _ (buy) it in abookstore. ”“When _ you _ (buy) it? “ Y”esterday. ”练习：用 since 和 for 填空1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. I ve known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. It s about ten y

42、ears _ _ she left the city.2.短暂性转换延续性1arrive at/i n sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.Tbe in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1)He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2)I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since_ .3)I went home yesterday.I _ home f

43、or _ _ .4)They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _2come/go back, returnTbe back come/go outTbe out1)He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _2)We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _3becomeTbe1)I became a teacher in 2000.I _ _ a teacher for _ _2)The river became dirty last

44、year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.4closeTbe closed openTbe open1)The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.1) _ two years3) _ last month5) _ yesterday7) _ 4 hours9) _ we were children11) _ she left here用 since 和 for 填空2) _ two years ago4) _ 19996) _ 4 o clock8) _ an hour ago10) _ lunch tim

45、e132)The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.5get upTbe up die be deadleave sw.Tbe away from sw. fall asleep/get tot sleeptbe asleepfinish/endtbe ovemrarrytbe married1)I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _ .2)He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3)

46、My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _ for _ _.4)The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5)I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6)They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _ .6start/begi n to do sth.Tdo sth. beg inTbe on1)I began to teach at this school in 1995.I _ _ at th

47、is school since _.2)The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.7borrowTkeeploseTnot havebuyThave put ona coldthave a cold get to knowtknow1)They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2)I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3)I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _

48、.4)I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.8have/has gone toThave bee n in1) He has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.9join the league/the Party/the armytbe a league/a Party member/a soldiertbe a member of the league/the Partytbe in the league/the Party/the army1) He

49、 joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _He _ _ _ the league for two years.2） My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother_a_for_.twear catch/getfor two years.14My brother_ in_ for two years.3. 汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了

50、。6）他们已经结婚 10 年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10） 我入团 2 年了。I_ _ _ two years ago.I_ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for twoyears.I_ _ _ the _for two years.11） 自从 1999 年以来他们就认识。12） 我来到农场已 5 年了。4. 划线提问1）I have bee n there for two days._ you_ ?2）My father has lived here since 2000._you

51、r father_?3）He left here yesterday._ he_ ?4）They bought a book two hours ago_they_ a book?练习：I.用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _ ?B: He _ to Hainan Island.15A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I m afraid he won t com

52、e back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once.II.用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go 的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3)John _ England since he c

53、ame back.4)How long _ he _ this village?5)The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6)_ you ever _ America?- Yes, I _ there many times.7)I _ this school since three years ago.8)Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9)When_ he _ ? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me?-Yes, but I _ there before.11) Whe

54、re _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo.12) He often _ you swimming ?13)_ you _ there last year?14)_ they often _ skating in winter?III. 翻译下列句子：1.他已经来中国三年多了。2.他们出国两个月了。3.我从来没去过长城。4.你曾经出过国吗？5.他已经去图书馆了。6.他来这儿五年了。7.昨天他去了公园。169.他常常去游泳。综合练习：I.用 never, ever, already, yet, for, since 填空1.I have_ see n him before, so

55、 I have no idea about him.2.Jack has_ fini shed his homework_ an hour ago.3.Mr. Wang has taught i n this school_ ten years.4.“ Have you_seen the film?“ Nd：l h ave_ seen it.”5.“ Has the bus left_ ?“ Yes, it has_left.”II.翻译下列句子：1.他们已经打扫了教室吗？2.我们已经认识有二十年了。3.打那以后，她一直住在这。4.你曾经到过那里吗？ ” 不，我从来没到过那里。”III.用适当

56、的时态填空：I. She _s_(live) here ever since she was ten.2. Both of them_ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them_ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour_ (pass) since the train_ (leave).5. Mary_ (lose) her pen ._ you_ (see) it here and there?6. _you_(find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirst

57、y?-No I_just_(have) some orange.8. We_ already_(retur n) the book.9. _they_ (build) a new school in the village?10. I_(not fini sh) my homework . Can you help me?II.My father_(read) the novel twice.12. I_ (buy) a book just now.13. I_ (lose ) my watch yesterday.14. My father_(read) this book since ye

58、sterday.III .句型转换：1. He has already gone home. He_ _ home_.(否定句)_he_ home_ ?(疑问句)2. He has lunch at home.He_ _lunch at home. (否定句)_he_ lunch at home? (疑问句)8. 你要去哪里?我要去学校。173. He has bee n there twice._ he been there? (戈 U 线提问)184.1 have lunch at school._you_ lunch?（戈 U 线提问）一、单项选择。l. Both his pare nt

59、s look sad .Maybe they _ whats happe ned tom.A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _bee n to Sha nghai, has he ?A. already B.n ever C.ever D. still3、Have you met Mr Li_?A. just B. ago C.before D. a mome nt ago4、The famous writer_one new book in the past two year.A.is writi ng B.was writi ngC.wrote D.has writte n5、 一Our country _a lot so far.Yes. I hope it will be eve n_.A. has cha nged ; wellB. cha nged ; goodC. has cha nged ; better D. cha nged ; better6、Zhao Lan_ already_in this school for two years.A. was ; stu