时态解析现在时态ppt课件

1、时时 态态 解解 析析( (如今时态如今时态) )一 般 现 在 时v一.构成:普通用动词的原形表示,主语为第三人称时,动词要发生相应的变化.v二.用法v1.描画经常性或习惯性动作或表示存在的形状.句中常带有表频率的时间状语:always, everyday, often, once a week, sometimes, seldom, usually, never等.v例如vHe likes music very much.vNanjing is a beautiful city.vShe seldom goes to cinema.陈说客观现实或普遍真理陈说客观现实或普遍真理vThe su

2、n rises in the east.vThe earth goes around the sun.vAmericans speak English.按规定方案安排好要发生的动作,常用arrive, go, come, return, leave, start, begin, stop, end, close, sail, be,等动词例如:vThe train to Beijing leaves at 10:00 a.m.vThe plane from China leaves at 6.p.m.vShe comes back tonight.vI leave for Yunnan nex

3、t Monday.普通性的阐明文字普通性的阐明文字,常用于现场讲常用于现场讲解解,新闻标题等新闻标题等,着重描画着重描画,报道现实报道现实.vChairman Hu Jingtao gets a warm welcome in Hongkong.vThe book says that women can live longer than men.普通如今时常用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示未来.常用的连词有when, before, if, as soon as, till, until, unless等.vIll tell him the news when he comes back.vIf

4、 it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.vLets wait until he comes.现现 在在 进进 行行 时时v一一.构成构成:vam, is, are +doingv二二.用法用法:v1.说话时动作正在进展说话时动作正在进展vWe are having English lesson now.vThe students are listening carefully.v当前阶段正在发生的动作或事情当前阶段正在发生的动作或事情(说话时动作不一定正在进展说话时动作不一定正在进展)vMr Hu is teaching us physics.vShe is

5、 reading a novel these days.vMore and more people are giving up smoking.v与频度副词连用与频度副词连用,表示一种埋怨，表示一种埋怨，批判或赞许，喜欢的语气批判或赞许，喜欢的语气.常与常与Always, forever, all the time等等连用连用vShe is always speaking ill of others. (埋怨埋怨,厌恶厌恶)vJohn is always thinking of others.(赞许赞许)v表示即将发生的动作,或最近安排或方案要进展的动作,局限与少数表示瞬间动作的动词,如:go

6、, come, leave, stay, arrive, dine, return, fly, start, begin, die, lose, do等.例如:vIm dinning out with my friends this evening.vThe old man is dying.vMy uncle is coming back abroad.vShe is leaving tomorrow.v留意留意:表感官动作表感官动作,心思形状心思形状,情感情感或存在形状的动词不能运用如今或存在形状的动词不能运用如今进展时进展时.v感官类感官类:see, hear, smell, feel,

7、 look, seem等等v情感类情感类:hate, love, like, want, wish等等v存在形状类存在形状类:exist, be, remain, stay等等v占有与从属类占有与从属类:have, belong to, possess, consist等等现现 在在 完完 成成 时时v一.构成:have/ has +donev二.用法:v1.过去的动作对如今的影响,常与already, yet等连用.v例如:vNearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching

8、.vI have lost my pen.(影响:如今无笔可用)vI have had my lunch.(影响:我如今不饿)v表示从过去某一个时间开场不断表示从过去某一个时间开场不断继续到如今及动作的反复发生继续到如今及动作的反复发生,常常与与once, so far, up to now, in the past few years, since, recently, for等一段时间连用等一段时间连用.例例如如:vUp to now, I have collected all the data that I need.vShe has lived here since 1990.vHe

9、has studied English for 10 years.v如今完成时常用于以下句型如今完成时常用于以下句型:vIt is / has been +some time+ sincevIt is the + + thatvThat / This / It is the onlyvIt has been 5 years since that terrible accident happened to her.vIt is the third time that you have been late for morning assembly.vThis is the only party t

10、hat I have ever really enjoyed in my life.v如今完成时里，如今完成时里， 短暂性动词不短暂性动词不与一段时间连用与一段时间连用.vThey _ here for more than a month.vA. have arrived vB. have reachedvC. have come vD. have beenDv区别区别: :如今完成时与普经过如今完成时与普经过去时的区别去时的区别v1.1.如今完成时强调过去的如今完成时强调过去的动作对如今的影响或产生动作对如今的影响或产生的结果的结果. .而普经过去时而普经过去时 只只限于表示过去动作本身限于

11、表示过去动作本身, ,与与结果无关结果无关. .例如例如: :vHe has bought a house.vHe bought a house.v He has been ill for a week. v He was ill for a week. 2.如今完成时不可与表示特定过去如今完成时不可与表示特定过去时间的副词连用，如时间的副词连用，如Ago, then, yesterday,但普经过去时可以但普经过去时可以.例例如如: vHe has worked here last year. vHe worked here last year. FTv3.如今完成时不可与疑问副词如今完成时

12、不可与疑问副词when连用连用,而普经过去时可以而普经过去时可以.例例如如:vWhen has he come? vWhen did he come? FTiT v4.如今完成时可以同包括如今在如今完成时可以同包括如今在内的时间状语连用内的时间状语连用,而普经过去时而普经过去时那么不可以那么不可以.vIt has been hot this summer.vIt was hot this summer.说话时仍在夏天说话时仍在夏天阐明夏天曾经过去阐明夏天曾经过去现现 在在 完完 成成 进进 行行 时时v一一.构成构成: have/ has +been +doingv二二.用法用法:v1.如今完

13、成进展时可以用来表示如今完成进展时可以用来表示一个动作从过去某时开场一个动作从过去某时开场,不断延不断延续到说话时辰还在进展续到说话时辰还在进展.这一用法这一用法常与表示一段时间的状语连用常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如如for two years, vsince early morning, these few days 等等.v例如例如:vI have been translating this article for two hours.vHes been trying to work out the answer since early morning.v有时有时,用了表示一段时间的状语

14、用了表示一段时间的状语,但由于上下文关系但由于上下文关系,如今完成进展如今完成进展时也可以表示动作到说话时曾经时也可以表示动作到说话时曾经停顿停顿,但对如今仍有影响但对如今仍有影响.例如例如:vIm very tired. Ive been playing basketball since breakfast.vHe has been working too hard.v反复的动作表示感情颜色反复的动作表示感情颜色v有时候有时候,如今完成进展时不是指如今完成进展时不是指某个动作不断在不停地进展某个动作不断在不停地进展,而是而是表示不断到说话时为止的一段时表示不断到说话时为止的一段时间内一再反复

15、的动作间内一再反复的动作,常带有感情常带有感情颜色颜色.vShe has been saying that many times.如今完成进展时和如今完成时如今完成进展时和如今完成时的比较的比较现在完成时现在完成时现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示动作已经完成表示动作已经完成 表示动作迄今为止表示动作迄今为止的一段时间内曾经的一段时间内曾经延续进行或目前动延续进行或目前动作正在进行作正在进行强调动作的结果强调动作的结果强调动作持续进行强调动作持续进行的情景的情景vI have watered the flowers.v (已完成已完成)vI have been watering the flow

16、ers.(未完成未完成,不断在浇不断在浇)vHe has read this book. (已读完已读完)vHe has been reading this book.(未读完未读完)v不以内关于进展时态的形状动词不以内关于进展时态的形状动词,知觉动词或情打动词知觉动词或情打动词(如如know, love等等)不可用于如今完成进展不可用于如今完成进展时时,但可用于如今完成时但可用于如今完成时.vI have known her for a long time.vI have been knowing her for a long time.TFvI havent seen him these

17、days.vI havent been seeing him these days.v许多时候，尤其是在口语话中，许多时候，尤其是在口语话中，如今完成时和如今完成进展时可如今完成时和如今完成进展时可以互用以互用TF2006高考试题链接高考试题链接1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live2. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising th

18、ese days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping3. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in wi

19、nter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going5. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. - Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned6. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all

20、his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off8. I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than

21、 an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked9. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered10. The building around the corner caught

22、 fire last night. The police are now _ the matter. A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over2000-2005 高考试题高考试题1. (2000全国全国) The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 2.

23、(2001春季春季) The men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that3. (2001春季春季) Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken4. (2001春季春季) Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose5. (2002上海上海) He will have learned English for eight years by the t