高三一轮复习专题七情态动词和虚拟语气讲解与练习

1、专题七情态动词和虚拟语气考点聚焦一、情态动词1、表能力can卜表示现在有能力做某事be able tocould表过去有能力做某事was/were able toEg:I am starving to death. I can eat two bowls of rice.If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem.2、表推测（可能性）表示具体事情发生的可能性的层次比较词形肯7E式否定式疑问式must必定、必然will很可能，大概不会，不该会吗?would可能性比will小语气比won't弱语气比

2、will弱should按说应该ought to按说应该can不可能后可能吗？could微弱的可能不可能语气比can弱may或许、也许、也说不定可能不might比may还弱比may not还弱1注：表可能性时：can/could一般用于否定句和疑问句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等，could也可用于肯定句；may/might表可能性不大，不用于疑问句；Eg:That can't be Mary, for she is in hospital.（表不相信）He might be doing his homework now.They asked if we would do that aga

3、in.We should arrive home before dark.You must be tired after the long journey.3、表请求、允许can/could表请求：could不表过去，只表示委婉、客气的语气，但回答时必须用can.may/might表请求：might不表过去，仅表示语气更加委婉。will/would表请求：用于第二人称的疑问句。shall表请求：用于第一、三人称的疑问句。Eg:Can I use your computer for a while?-could I use your bicycle? -Yes, you can. /No, yo

4、u cadt.May/might I make a suggestion?Will you help me with the luggage?Would you pay me in cash, please?Shall he come in or wait outside.4、表必要性must表必要性时，意为“必须”don't have to/ needrit do sth,表示“表示不必要做 ”5、“情态动词+have done用法一览表。1) must have done想必/准是/一定做了否定式：can't/couldn't have doneEg:It must

5、 have rained last night for the road is quite muddy.2) can/could have done本来能够做某事却没做/过去可能会做Eg:Can he have gone to his auns?3) cannot/couldn't have done本不能够做某事却做了 /过去不可能做某事 Eg:He cannot have forgotten it他不可能忘记那件事。4) may/might have done也许/或许已经做(一般只用于肯定句或否定句)Eg:It s too late. I think he may have go

6、ne to bed.He may not have finished the work.5) should/ought to have done本该做某事但实际上却没做 Eg:You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.6) should not/ ought not to have done本不该做某事但却做了Eg:You shouldn't have told her the truth.7) neednni have done本不必要做某事却做了Eg:You needn?t have taken a taxi here,

7、 for it was very near to my house.6、情态动词的其他用法1) cannot but do sth表示“不得不，只好做某事”Eg:I cannot but choose to go.我只好去。2) may well/may as wellmay well+动词原形”，意为“完全能，很可能”，相当于to be very likely toEg:He may well be proud of his son.他大可为他的儿子感到自豪。may as well谢词原形”，意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”Eg:You may as well do it at once.你最好

8、现在就做这件事。二、虚拟语气1、虚拟语气在非真实条件句的应用与现在事实相反：条件句：if +主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)主句：主语 +should/would/could/might+动词原形Eg:If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.与过去事实相反：条件句：if+主语+had+过去分词主句：主语 +should/would/could/might+have + 过去分词Eg:If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.If

9、+主语+动词的过去式与将来事实相反：条件句If+主语+were to +动词原形“f+主语+should +动词原形主句：主语 +should/would/could/mightEg:If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.2、使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下4点：1)错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。Eg:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had

10、studied hard before, you would be a college student now.3) if省略句Eg:If I were at school again (Were I at school again),I would study harder.If you had come earlier (Had you come earlier), you would catch the bus.If it should rain tomorrow (Should it rain tomorrow), we would not go climbing.3)介词短语代替的条

11、件状语从句：with/without/but forEg:Without your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time.But for your help,第5页4)含蓄条件句Eg:I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.X真题演练1. I've ordered some pizza,

12、so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.2. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I(do) it.3. We would rather than our daughter(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.4. My book, the house of hades, is missing. Who have take

13、n it?5. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.6. If Mr Dewey(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there7. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.8. I(not enjoy) myself more-it was a perfect day.9. If he

14、 had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he(be) able to speak it much better now.10. My mom suggests that we(eat) out for a change this weekend.11. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He(drink) too much at the party last night.12. The door not open, no matter how hard she pushed.13. -It

15、rainedcats and dogs this morning. I 'm glad we took an umbrella.14. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because youknow alotof words.15. He sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea untilhehadcaught it.16. Sincenobody gave him any help, he h

16、ave done the research on his own.17. -What are you doing this Saturday?-1'm not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.18. The children(get) lost in the wood; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as a scheduled.19. I(go) to my cousin 's birthday party last night, but I

17、was not available20. -Why are your eyes so red? You have slept well last night. -Yeah. I stayed up late writing a report.21. I should not have laughed if I(think) you were serious.22. -Do you think George has passed the driving test?-No,. If so, he(drive) his car to our college yesterday.X单句填空1. -Do

18、 you like the school?-Yeah. I only wish the classes(be) a little smaller.2. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents be reported to the safety officer.3. One of my rules is that every student come to my class ahead of time.4. It's time you(go) home and I 'd rather you(come) again

19、 tomorrow.5. If we(interrupt)the day before yesterday, we would have finished the project.6. It's true that being constantly exposed to advertisements is annoyed, but it be pleasant sometimes.1. I have a quick word with you? Something important has happened.8. I'm really thankful to you; wit

20、hout you, I(win) the first prize in the speech contest.9. Jenny certainly go swimming in the river- Once bitten, twice shy.10. The police still haven't found the lost child, but they 're doing all they.11. If I had known you were coming, I(reserve) a larger table.12. -I can't believe that Jeff have quarreled and fought with his boss.-Well, if one ask for trouble, it just can 't