词性成分句子类型

1、一、词性1. China Bob apple people air advice2. discuss arrive be, keep, seem, feel, become, prove, do/does/did, have/has/had, can , may 3. afraid, asleep, ashamed, difficult, healthy, surprised, surprising 4. now, here, really, very, hardly, when, 5. in, on, at, after, since, across, through, beside, ex

2、cept, between, among with, by, in 6. a, an, the 7. and, but, or, so, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, that, whether, if, what, who, when, where, why, how, although, because, as,8. I, me, my, mine, myself, this / that / these / those what / which / who / whose something, anybody, nothing, ever

3、ything, many/much each / every a few / few / a little / little other / others / another 9. one second hundred thousand million three quarters three percent 10. oh, hello, hi, yeah二、句子成分句子是由词按照语法规则构成的，表示一个完整的意思。句子的第一个字母必须大写，句子的末尾必须有标点。句子的各个组成部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分主要有八种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语和同位语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分

4、；表语、宾语和补语是谓语的组成部分；其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。(一) 主语1. Friends are of great importance to us.2. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.3. One third of the students in this class are girls.4. The rich should help the poor.5. Watching TV too much is harmful to our eyes.6. To see is to believe. 7. W

5、hat is well-known to us is that the earth is round.8. It is no use crying over spilt milk.9. It is kind of you to help me with my English.10. It is well-known that the moon travels around the earth.11. There is a book and two pens on the desk.12. Only then did I realize the importance of knowledge.K

6、eep quiet, please. (二)、谓语1. She arrived yesterday.2. She reached the hotel last night. 3. She goes to school every day.4. The soup tastes delicious.5. We must listen to the teacher carefully.6. He has caught a bad cold.第一组1. He _(run) every day.2. He _(run) yesterday.3. He _(run) tomorrow.4. Look! H

7、e _(run) now.5. He _(run) at 3 oclock yesterday afternoon.6. He _(run) for half an hour.7. The bus _(leave) when we got to the station.第二组1. The classroom _(clean) by us every day.2. The classroom _(clean) by us yesterday.3. The classroom _(clean) by us tomorrow.4. The classroom _(clean) by us now.5

8、. The classroom _(clean) at this moment last night.6. The classroom _(clean) by us already.7. The classroom _(clean) when the t(三) 表语1. He becomes a doctor.2. It is mine.3. Three times seven is twenty-one.4. My computer must be out of order.5. The weather gets hotter and hotter.6. Time is up. The cl

9、ass is over7 My hobby is jogging.8. The lecture is inspiring. / We are inspired by the lecture.9 My dream is to become an engineer.10. The reason is that he was caught in the traffic jam.（四）宾语1. I am fond of books.2. He didnt say anything. 3. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.4. I e

10、njoy listening to pop music.5. He forgot to lock the door.6. I think that you are fit for the job.7. We find it important to learn English well.8. My new computer gave me a lot of trouble.(五) 宾语补足语1. They call me Lily.2. We found the question difficult.3. Let the fresh air in.4. I found everything i

11、n the lab in good order.5. We saw her entering the room.6. Our teachers always encourage us to take part in more activities.7. I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.8. What he said made me feel sad.9. I was made to retell the story.10. With time going by, he finally understood his parents.(六) 定语1. Cho

12、ngqing is a beautiful city. / I have something interesting to tell you.2. Her cousin is an athlete.3. There are many apple trees on the island. / There are thirty men teachers in our school.4. Three thousand people watched the football match.5 The buildings there were badly damaged.6 The books on th

13、e desk were just bought. / He is reading an article about how to keep fit.7. The boy playing basketball is my brother.8. He is always the first to arrive and the last to leave in our class.9. The question being discussed now is important.10. The question discussed yesterday is important.11. The ques

14、tion to be discussed tomorrow is important.12. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.(七) 状语1. Dont drive so fast. 2. Im terribly sorry to hear that you are ill.3. Unfortunately, he had a car accident last month.4. I have lived in Chongqing for ten years.5. We got together, singing and

15、 dancing.6. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful.7. Ill make great efforts to enter a key university.8. When he came, I was watching TV.(八) 同位语1. Taylor Swift, a popular singer, is loved by many people. 2.The news that he has been admitted by Tsinghua University made us proud and

16、excited.成分词性位置1. 主语n. pron. num. doing/to do, 从句1. 通常放在句子开头，谓语动词之前2. 谓语v.2. 通常位于主语之后3. 表语n. pron. num. adj. adv. 介词短语, doing/to do/done, 从句3. 系动词之后4. 宾语n. pron. num. doing/to do, 从句4. 及物动词，介词之后，构成动宾，介宾5. 宾语补足语n. adj. adv. 介词短语 doing/to do/ done5. 通常放在宾语之后6. 定语n. pron. num. adj. adv. 介词短语 doing/ to d

17、o / done 从句 6. 被修饰名词、代词之前或之后7. 状语adv. 介词短语doing/ to do/ done从句7. 句首，句中，句末8. 同位语按结构，句子可分为三类：简单句、并列句和复合句。一. 简单句（一）. 定义：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫简单句。（二）五种基本句型：1.主语+谓语(vi.) 2.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语 4.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 5.主语+系动词+表语 翻译： 1. 他(刚刚)到了。 _ just now. 2. (下个星期)他们将要参观博物馆。_ next

18、 week. 3. 这则消息让我伤心。 _ 4. 他借给我一本字典。 _ 5. 门是关着的。 _二 并列句(一) 定义：由两个或两个并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。(二) 常见的并列连词:_ (not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor)用恰当的并列连词合并句子1. He helps me _ I help him.2. She looks very young _ she is already in her 30s.3. It never rains _ it pours.4. I was ill _ I didnt g

19、o to work yesterday.5. Work hard _ youll succeed.6. Hurry up, _ youll be late.三. 复合句(一)定义：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。复合句中的主句表示句子的主要意思，从句不能独立存在，它从属于主句，充当句子的某一个或某一些成分。(二) 分类：a. 名词性从句-主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句b. 形容性词从句-定语从句c. 副词性从句-状语从句划出下列句子中的从句1. God helps those who help themselves.2. What he said is true.

20、3. I dont know whether Ill pass the exam or not.4. The reason for his being late is that he had a car accident.5. The news that well have three days off make us excited.6. If it rains tomorrow, Ill stay at home.语法填空1. Great_(change) have taken place in my hometown over the past ten years.2. _(surf)

21、the Internet is a relaxing way.3. I think that _(play) computer games is more harm than good.4. It is a waste of time _ (talk) to him.5. It is kind of you _(give) a hand to me when Im in trouble.6. It took me half an hour _(go) to school.7. Yangshuo _(be) really beautiful.8. A boy on a bike _(catch)

22、 my attention.9. It was raining heavily when I _(arrive) in Yangshuo.10. It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend) since I came to this school.11. All visitors to this village _ _ (treat) with kindness.12. This coastal area _(name) a national wildlife reserve last year.13. If more time_(gi

23、ve) to me, the problem will be worked out.14. He wants _(become) a translator after his graduation.15. Bob refused _(apologize) to the man.16. What he said is _(surprise).17. Mary is always the first one _(come) to the classroom.18. I explained again to make myself _(understand). Recognizing what yo

24、ur bad eating habits are is of great _(important) in correcting the behavior.14. Im _(extreme) happy to meet you here.I am familiar _ most popular kinds of software.b. _ my opinion, the best choice is a good major at a good university.c. On weekends I like to get my mind off my work _ reading good b

25、ooks.Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.b. I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask.But the river wasnt changed in a few days _ even a few months.I was about to go out _ it rained outside.After practising a

26、lot, I found _ easier for me to get a good grade.Would you mind my _(open) the window?_(fortune), I missed the last bus last night.15. He set off for work an hour before. 16. 17. 27. 28. 29. 30. He likes sports, but I like music. 31. Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital

27、 since they are ill. 32. There are a chair and some desks in the room.33. Collecting stamps need a lot of money.34. The old likes to look back upon the old days.35. Those who wants to come raise your hands please. 36. 37. He drove too fast, and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket.43. The

28、air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up.44. 47.The novel is very worth reading.48. Im very excited that I ran home immediately.49. Im very busy to complete the task on time.50. The policeman caught the thief by his arm.单句改错1. My school is about ten mile away fro

29、m my home.2. There are many cattles on the farm. 3. We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters. 4. I need some more informations. 5. Tom had worked in the library every night over the last three months. 6. Anyone my borrow books and it cost nothing to borrow them.7. I remembered her wor

30、ds and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize.8. The computer is being repairing now. 9. When I got home , I found my house had broken into. 10. Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since 1978.11. Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 12.