钻削及铣削编程ppt课件

1、第八章 钻削和铣削加工编程8.1 钻削加工编程8.2 二坐标铣削加工编程8.3 三坐标铣削加工编程8.4 铣削加工编程实例数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程8.1 钻削加工编程 钻削可以在钻床上进展，也可以在铣床上完成。目前，大部分数控钻床是点位控制的，也有一部分数控钻床是延续控制轮廓控制的；数控铣床根本上都是延续控制的。数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程二轴数控钻削加工钻削的进给运动不是数字控制的，程序中常用的代码有：G00快速挪动；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程G01直线插补；G70选择英制；G71选择公制；

2、G90、G91选择绝对坐标方式；M00暂停；M30、M02程序终了。图8-1 孔的钻削加工数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 对应图8-1的钻孔加工程序一绝对坐标编程：o234;N010 G00 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 X12.0 Y55.0;N030 M00;N040 X30.0 Y30.0;N050 M00;N060 X50.0 Y12.0;N070 M00;N080 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N090 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程N005 G92 X0.0 Y0.0; 对应图8-2的

3、钻孔加工程序二增量坐标编程：o345;N010 G00 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 X12.0 Y55.0;N030 M00;N040 G91 X18.0 Y-25.0;N050 M00;N060 X20.0 Y-18.0;N070 M00;N080 X-100.0 Y-47.0;N090 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程N005 G92 X0.0 Y0.0;三轴联动钻削加工程序中，常用的代码有：G81-钻削循环定点钻削；G80-固定循环注销；G43-刀具正偏置；G44-刀具负偏置；G40-注销刀具长度补偿；H-偏置号。数控

4、机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程详细编程，将在三坐标铣削加工编程中一并讲解。4.2 二坐标铣削加工编程数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程G00 快速挪动G01 直线插补G02 圆弧插补顺时针G03 圆弧插补逆时针G41 刀具半径补偿左侧G42 刀具半径补偿右侧G40 刀具半径补偿注销 本节讲述二轴铣削加工的编程，常用代码有：数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程G90 绝对坐标方式G91 相对坐标方式G94 每分进给方式G04 暂停M00 程序暂时停顿M03 主轴正转M02 程序终止图8-2所示为一铸铝件，要对其长和宽进展

5、铣削加工。图8-2 简单铣削加工数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X0Y0精加工余量0.25mm，立铣刀直径5 mm。图8-3 铣削过程表示图数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35

6、.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0图8-3的加工程序一绝对坐标编程：o001;N0020 G00 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N0030 X-10 Y-2.75;N0040 G94 G01 X102.75 F50 S1000;N0050 Y67.75;N0060 X-2.75;N0070 Y-2.75;N0080 X-2.5 Y-2.5 S2000;N0090 Y67.5;N1000 X102.5;N1010 Y-2.5;N1020 X-2.5;N1030 G00 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N1040 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和

7、铣削加工编程N0010 G92 X.0 Y0.0；X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0图8-3的加工程序二增量坐标编程：o002;N010 G00 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 X-10

8、Y-2.75;N040 G91 G94 G01 X105.5 F50 S1000;N050 Y70.5;N060 X-105.5;N070 Y-70.5;N080 X0.25 Y0.25 S2000;N090 Y70.0;N100 X105.0;N110 Y-70.0;N120 X-105.0;N140 G00 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N150 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程N005 G92 X0.0 Y0.0;X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-5

9、0.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0图8-4所示为一铸铝件，要对其周边进展铣削加工。图8-4 周边铣削数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0精加工余量0.25mm，立铣刀直径10 mm。数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-5 周边铣削加工过程X-50.0Y-35

10、.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0

11、Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0加工程序一不用刀具半径补偿：o1001;N010 G00 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 X-5.25 Y-15;N030 M00;N040 G01 G94 Y55 F50 S1000;N050 G02 X10 Y70.25 R15.25;N060 G01 X90.0;N070 G02 X105.25 Y55 R15.25;N080 G01 Y10.0;N090 G02 X90 Y-5.25 R15.25;N100 G01 X10.0;N110 G02 X-5.25 Y10 R15.25;N120 G01 X-5.0;N130

12、G03 X10.0 Y-5.0 R15.0;N140 G01 X90.0;N150 G03 X105.0 Y10.0 R15.0;N160 G01 Y55.0;N170 G03 X90.0 Y65.0 R15.0;N180 G01 X10.0;N190 G03 X-5.0 Y55.0 R15.0;N200 G01 Y-15.0;N220 G00 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N230 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-3

13、5.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0 数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 数控编程根底知识图8-6 刀具半径补偿的选用

14、G41用于对程序轨迹左侧的补偿G42用于对程序轨迹右侧的补偿YXOG41G41G42G42刀具半径补偿加工余量的处置G41 D01加工廓形加工廓形刀具轨迹加工廓形补偿量加工廓形刀具半径补偿量加工廓形刀具半径补偿量留下的加工余量加工程序二用刀具半径补偿：o1002;N010 G00 G40 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 G41 D01 X0 Y0;N030 M00;N040 G01 G91 G94Y55.0 F50;N050 G02 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N060 G01 X80.0;N070 G02 X10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N080

15、G01 Y-45.0;N090 G02 X-10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N100 G01 X-80.0;N110 G02 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N115 G40;N120 G42 D02;N130 G03 X10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N140 G01 X80.0;N150 G03 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N160 G01 Y45.0;N170 G03 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N180 G01 X-80.0;N190 G03 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N200 G01 Y-45.0;N210 M00;N220 G00 G40

16、 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N230 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0加工程序二用刀具半径补偿：o1002;N010 G00 G40 G71 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0 M00;N020 X-15 Y-

17、15;N030 G41 D01 X0.0 Y0.0;N040 G01 G91 G94 Y55.0 F50 S1000;N050 G02 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N060 G01 X80.0;N070 G02 X10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N080 G01 Y-45.0;N090 G02 X-10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N100 G01 X-80.0;N110 G02 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N111 G01 X-10.0;N115 G40;N120 G42 D02;N121 G90 G01 X0.0 Y20.0 S2000;N122 X0.0 Y10.

18、0;N130 G91 G03 X10.0 Y-10.0 R10.0;N140 G01 X80.0;N150 G03 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N160 G01 Y45.0;N170 G03 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N180 G01 X-80.0;N190 G03 X-10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;N200 G01 Y-45.0;N220 G00 G40 G90 X-50.0 Y-35.0;N230 M02;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-5

19、0.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-50.0Y-35.0X0Y0X-5

20、0.0Y-35.0X0Y04.3 三坐标铣削加工编程 本节所涉及的钻削和铣削加工，都是在三轴联动的数控机床上进展的。三坐标加工程序与二坐标加工程序的区别很大，三轴联动时的吃刀运动也是经过数控完成的，另一个要本卷须知就是刀具的长度补偿。数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 图8-7所示为在三轴联动数控机床上钻孔的情况。图8-7 三坐标钻削加工数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程编程阐明：刀具长度补偿值为4.0；换刀点和对刀点选成一点，并将该点定义为编程坐标原点X0 Y0 Z0；编程坐标原点由G54定义。数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削

21、和铣削加工编程 加工程序如下：o1150；N005 G90 G94 G54 G71;N010 G00 X0.0 Y0.0 Z0.0 M00；N020 G91 X120.0 Y80.0；N030 G44 Z-32.0 H01；N040 G01 Z-21.0 F50；N050 G04 X2.0；N060 G00 Z21.0；N070 X30.0 Y-50.0；N080 G01 Z-41.0 F50；N090 G00 Z41.0；N100 X50.0 Y30.0；N110 G01 Z-25.0 F50；N120 G04 X2.0；N130 G00 Z57.0 H00；N140 X-200.0 Y-6

22、0.0；N150 M02；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 图8-8中，要钻削4个孔，铣削内腔廓形。图8-8 钻削与铣削数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程加工过程如图8-9所示，廓形铣削分粗、精加工两次走刀，为了加工和编程方便，廓形铣削所用的刀具半径与廓形的圆弧半径相等。图8-9 钻削与铣削的加工过程a钻孔数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-9 钻削与铣削的加工过程a粗铣数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-9 钻削与铣削的加工过程a精铣数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削

23、和铣削加工编程 编程阐明：编程坐标原点X0 Y0设在工件的中心，换刀点坐标X-300.0 Y200.0。钻孔刀具为直径8mm的麻花钻，铣削刀具为直径10mm的3齿立铣刀。粗加工与精加工运用同一把刀具，粗铣加工要给精铣加工留下0.5mm的余量。开场进给时，刀具下端面距工件顶面3mm；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 加工程序如下：o1160；N010 G00 G90 G71 G94 X-300.0 Y200.0 Z100.0 M00；N020 M03 S1000；N030 Z30.0；N040 G81 G99 X-60.0 Y40.0 Z-16.5 R3.0 F40；

24、N050 X120.0；N060 Y-80.0；N070 X-60.0 Y40.0；N080 X-60.0 Y-40.0；N090 G80 M05;N100 G00 X-300.0 Y200.0 Z100.0；N115 M00;数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程N120 M03 S1000；N130 G00 X0.0 Y0.0 Z3.0；N150 G01 G91 Z-15.0 F20；N160 Y19.5 F40；N170 X44.5；N180 Y-39.0；N190 X-89.0；N200 Y39.0；N210 X44.5；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL

25、钻削和铣削加工编程N220 Y0.50 S3000；N230 X45.0；N240 Y-40.0；N250 X-90.0；N260 Y40.0；N270 X45.0；N280 Y-0.5；N290 G90 G00 Z100.0；N300 X-300.0 Y200.0；N310 M02；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-10 铣削加工零件图数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程8.4 铣削加工编程实例铣削图中外部廓形。加工过程如图8-11和图8-12所示，两孔定位夹紧，廓形铣削分粗、精加工两次走刀。图8-11 粗加工走刀道路数控机床 NC M

26、ACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-12 精加工走刀道路数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 编程阐明：数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程编程坐标原点在零件顶面左上角上方3mm处。换刀点在编程坐标系中的坐标值为X-300.0 Y-200.0 Z80.0。粗加工刀具为直径25mm的3齿立铣刀，精加工刀具为直径16mm的4齿立铣刀。粗铣加工要给精铣加工留下0.5mm的余量。 加工程序如下：o1170；N010 G00 G90 G71 G94 G92 X-300.0 Y0.0 Z0.0 M00；N020 G91 X295.0 Y200.5

27、 Z-80.0；N030 G41 D01；N040 S500 M03；N050 Z-25.0 M08；N060 G01 X25.5 F30.0；N070 Y-45.5；N080 G17 G03 X59.0 Y0.0 R29.5；N090 G01 Y45.5；N100 X21.0；N110 Y-100.5；N120 X-20.0 Y-50.5；N130 X-61.0；N140 X-20 Y50.5；N150 Y100.0；N160 M09；N170 G00 G90 Z80.0；N180 G40；N190 X-300.0 Y-200.0 M00；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削

28、加工编程N200 G91 X295.0 Y200.5 Z-80.0；N210 G42 D02；N220 S600 M03；N230 Z-25.0 M08；N240 G01 X0.5 F20.0；N250 Y-100.5；N260 X20.0 Y-50.0；N270 X60.0；N280 X20.0 Y50.0；N290 Y100.0；N300 X-20.0；N310 Y-45.0；N320 G17 G02 X-60.0 Y0.0 R30.0；N330 G01 Y45.0；N340 X-21.0；N350 M09；N360 G00 G90 Z80.0；N370 G40；N380 X-300.0

29、Y-200.0；N390 M02；数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 图8-13所示的零件图，两个大平面和两个孔曾经加工完了，现要求加工其它的型面。加工是在南京四开公司消费的SK1632K3数控铣床上进展的。粗、精加工各用一把刀具，粗加工刀具的直径为10mm，精加工刀具的直径为8mm。数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程图8-13 铣削加工零件图数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程 编程阐明：编程坐标原点定义在零件左下角零件顶面上方3mm处。换刀点在编程坐标系中的坐标值为X-300.0 Y-200.0 Z80.0数控机床 NC MACHINE TOOL 钻削和铣削加工编程加工程序如下：o1175；N010 G00 G90 G71 G94 X-300.0 Y0.0 Z0.0 M00；N020 G91 X300.0 Y194.0 Z-80.0；N030 G41 D01；N050 Z-30.0；N060 G01 Y41