医学英语视听说

1、名称通用名前缀常用形容词示例心heartcardio-cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology脑brainencepholo-cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lungpulmo-pulmonarypulmonitis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝liverhepato-hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomachgastro-gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder

2、chole-biliarycholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠intestineintero-intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/pancreatopathy脾spleenspleno-splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰pancreaspancreato-pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy/pancreatopathy肾kidneynephro-renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology

3、名称通用名前（后）缀示例血bloodhemo-/hemato- hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管 vessed vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/cerebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo-myelocy

4、te/myelitis/myeloma神经nerve neur-/neuro-neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital体 body somato-/-some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome数字前缀示例一（单）moto-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional二bi-/di-bilateral/bip

5、hasic/carbon dioxide/dipeptide三tri-trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hepta- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompound七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八octa- octahedral/octal system九nona-no

6、napeptide/nonagon十deca-decade/decagram/deciliter颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红rederythro-erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白 whiteleuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄 yellow xantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue c

7、yan-/cyano- cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫violet/purple绿green 棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring橙 orange victorial orange/ethyl orange/orange g粉红pink pink frothy sputum绯红crimson 青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesispathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态

8、-osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis减少 penia -penic leukocytosis/erythrocytosis/granulocytosis无a-/an-atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia小/微let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/h

9、epatomegaly复合/多poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛 pan-pancolectomy/panmyelosis含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys-dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal-malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-itisappendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块 -omalymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemi

10、a/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo-analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemiplegia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-necrosis/necro-/necr-diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/myoplegia坏死deca-hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia结石litho-/-lithlithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes含义通用词前缀示例上 upper/superiorepi-/supra-ep

11、idemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior infra-/sub-infracostal/subclavicular/ subcutaneous前front/anterior/priorfore-/ante-/antero-/pre-forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis后back/posterior post-/retro-posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac内inner/internalin-/endo-/ento-inhalation/endoscopy/entocra

12、nial外outer/externalex-/exo-extract/excretion/exocardial间betweeninter- intermuscular/intercostals/intercourse旁/副on the side ofpara-parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周 aroundperi-perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum中心centralcentri-/centra-/centro-centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus-反/对oppositecoun

13、ter-/contra-counterpart/countershock/contraindication含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomytracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割）器 -tometracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomyduodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plastytracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics/ort

14、hopod/orthotherapy造影-graphyangiography/nephrography/phlebography经trans-transdominal/translateral/transurethral含义前（后）缀示例杀-cide/-cidalinsecticide/pesticide/bactericidal抑-stasis/-staticbacteriostasis/virostatic/tuberculostatic驱逐-fugefebrifuge/centrifuge抗-anti antibiotic/antimycotic/antimutagen去/脱/除de- dehydr