外研版高二英语必修四 module 1 Reading language points

1、Module 1Life in the FutureLanguage points in readingNo one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. 谁也说不准谁也说不准, 并且猜测也是件冒险的事。并且猜测也是件冒险的事。 动名词短语作主语动名词短语作主语 踢足球是他的业余爱好之一。踢足球是他的业余爱好之一。 Playing football is one of his hobbies.考点提炼考点提炼句子仿造句子仿造 In the future, care for the environment will

2、 become very important as earths natural resources run out. care for 照顾；喜欢照顾；喜欢I like him but I dont care for her. Hes entrusted his children to my care for a day. care for 表示表示“喜欢喜欢” ，常用于疑问句或，常用于疑问句或否定句；表示否定句；表示“照顾照顾”是较正式的用语是较正式的用语 care about 关心关心，在乎，在乎 She does not care about her husband at all. I

3、 dont care about your opinion. I dont care whether it rains. care about 只表示认为某事重要并产生只表示认为某事重要并产生兴趣或忧虑，常用于疑问句和否定句；兴趣或忧虑，常用于疑问句和否定句；后接从句后接从句about时省略。时省略。 run out 用尽；耗尽用尽；耗尽The petrol is running out.run out of 用完；耗尽用完；耗尽He has run out of red ink. Club of Rome estimate that oil will run out of in1992. r

4、un out与与 run out of run out 用完了用完了(= become used up) ，其主语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。 His money soon ran out. run out of “用完了用完了”， 表示主动含义，主语表示主动含义，主语一般是人。一般是人。 He is always running out of money before payday. run out of + 宾语还有宾语还有“从从流出流出 / 跑出跑出”的意思。的意思。 run out 也有也有“流出流出”的意思，但不可接宾语。的意思，但不可接宾语。

5、 活学活用活学活用I _ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I _ all my money.A. would like to give; ran out of B. would like to have given; ran out ofC. would like to give; was run out of D. would like to give; ran out解析解析 分析句子知第一空是在过去虚拟条件分析句子知第一空是在过去虚拟条件“如果我的钱没有花完如果我的钱没有花完”下下, 得出的结论得出的结论, 故用故用完成时完成时

6、; 第二空需一个及物动词短语的主动第二空需一个及物动词短语的主动形式形式, 故故B项正确。项正确。 B归纳拓展归纳拓展run about 到处跑到处跑run across 偶然遇到偶然遇到run after 追逐追逐, 追踪追踪run away (常与常与from连用连用) 逃脱逃脱, 逃避逃避,躲开躲开run down (用车用车)撞倒撞倒; 追寻追寻; 追获追获run into 碰撞碰撞; 遇上遇上, 偶然遇到偶然遇到run off (使使)逃跑逃跑; 使溜掉使溜掉 We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as

7、solar and wind power. rely on / upon 依赖；信赖；信任依赖；信赖；信任I rely on my brothers words absolutely. Dont rely on him to do anything hes just a talker. rely on ones own effortsstrength 自力更生自力更生归纳拓展归纳拓展rely on / upon 依靠依靠;信任信任,信赖信赖depend on / upon 依靠依靠count on 指望指望; 依靠依靠believe in 信任信任Rely upon it. 放心吧。放心吧。r

8、ely on sb. / sth. to do / doing . 信赖某人信赖某人/做做rely on sb. / sth. for . 因因而依赖某人而依赖某人/物物rely on it that . 指望指望活学活用活学活用(1) 我们不能指望他们来帮助我们。我们不能指望他们来帮助我们。 We cant _ to help us.(2) 你可以指望本周会下雨。你可以指望本周会下雨。 You can _ it that it will rain this weekrely on themrely on / upon To get rid of garbage problems, the c

9、ity will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, get rid of 摆脱；去掉；除去摆脱；去掉；除去He cant get rid of the cold. You should get rid of your bad habit.活学活用活学活用(1) After you have learned something new, it is important that you try to _.A. bring it up B. let go of itC. get rid

10、of it D. put it into practice(2) The mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to _ trouble. A. hold back from B. keep out of C. break away from D. get rid ofDBPolice will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns. arrest v. 逮捕逮捕; 拘留拘留; 吸引吸引 n. 逮捕逮捕; 拘留拘留Wayne was arrested for d

11、angerous driving. 韦恩因危险驾驶而被拘留。韦恩因危险驾驶而被拘留。Her warning tone arrested my attention. 她警告的口气引起了我的注意。她警告的口气引起了我的注意。归纳拓展归纳拓展arrestee n. 被捕者被捕者arrester n. 逮捕者逮捕者arrestment n. 拘捕拘捕; 阻止阻止; 逮捕逮捕false arrest 律非法拘捕律非法拘捕arrest sb. for sth. 因某事而逮捕某人因某事而逮捕某人arrest sb. on charge of 以以罪逮捕某人罪逮捕某人get arrested 被捕被捕arre

12、st ones attention 引起某人的注意引起某人的注意be under arrest 被拘留被拘留be put / placed under arrest 被捕被捕; 在拘留中在拘留中 活学活用活学活用(1)The agent was _ for carrying a false passport. A. charged B. accused C. suspected D. arrested 解析解析 句意为句意为: 这位代理因携带假护照而被捕。这位代理因携带假护照而被捕。 A、B 项意为项意为“控告控告; 指控指控”; suspect意为意为“怀怀 疑疑”。D(2)When she

13、 was _, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. A. caught B. arrested C. captured D. grasped 解析解析 arrest sb. (for sth.)后多跟被捕原因后多跟被捕原因; capture捕获捕获, 符合题意。符合题意。 Cinstead of 代替；而不是代替；而不是instead of是介宾短语，其宾语多由是介宾短语，其宾语多由名词、代词、介词、短语、动词名词、代词、介词、短语、动词 + ing 形形式充当。式充当。 There is a gr

14、owing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices. I gave him advice instead of money. He asked me another question instead of answering me. instead意为意为“代替；替代代替；替代”，作副词用，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面阁开。后面阁开。instead 在顺接句子中作在顺接句子中作“代替代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而然而”讲

15、。讲。 例如：例如： Lily isnt here. Ask Lucy instead. 注意注意当当instead在祈使句中时，只能位于在祈使句中时，只能位于句末。句末。 She didnt answer me. Instead, she asked me another question. 活学活用活学活用 杰克没有学法律杰克没有学法律, 而是决定作一名演员。而是决定作一名演员。 Jack didnt study law. _, he decided to become an actor. (2) 我们走着下楼梯而没有乘电梯。我们走着下楼梯而没有乘电梯。 (1) We walked dow

16、n the stairs _ taking the elevator.Insteadinstead of In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. command n. U,C命令命令, 指挥指挥; U控制控制 v. 命令命令, 指挥指挥; 掌握掌握; 拥有拥有For the first time in years, he felt in command of his life. 归纳拓展归纳拓展command后接的宾语从句中用

17、虚拟语气后接的宾语从句中用虚拟语气(should) do, 其后接的同位语和表语从句中也用其后接的同位语和表语从句中也用虚拟语气。虚拟语气。have / take command of 指挥指挥 make command of 控制控制 do sth. at / by ones command 奉某人之命做某事奉某人之命做某事be at ones command 听某人吩咐听某人吩咐be in / under the command of sb. 由某人统率由某人统率 command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事 易混辨异易混辨异 command / order /

18、 direct(1) command 指权威方面正式下命令。指权威方面正式下命令。(2) order是常用词是常用词,多用于多用于“非正式的命令非正式的命令”。(3) direct意为意为“指导指导; 指挥指挥”, 多指多指“权威性权威性的指的指 导导”。 活学活用活学活用 (1) The general commanded that the regiment _ unless he _ the command. A. dont attack; give B. didnt attack; will gave C. should not attack; would give D. not att

19、ack; gave 解析解析 command表示表示“命令命令”后接从句时后接从句时, 从句中从句中 用用“should + v.原形原形”的虚拟语气的虚拟语气, 其中其中should可可 以省略。在条件句中用一般时表示将来以省略。在条件句中用一般时表示将来, 故故D项项 正确。正确。 D用用command, order, direct的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(2)The father _ his son to leave the spot.(3)The general _ his men to attack the city.(4)Do you know who _ the film?

20、orderedcommandeddirectedAll forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.charge n.费用费用; 价钱价钱 v. 控诉控诉; 收费收费; 充电充电The charge for admission is $5 for each. 入场费每位五美元。入场费每位五美元。How much did he charge you for repairing the bike? 修

21、自行车他收了你多少钱？修自行车他收了你多少钱？归纳拓展归纳拓展at ones own charge(s) 自费自费, 用自己的钱用自己的钱free of charge 免费免费in charge of 负责负责in / under the charge of sb. (in / under ones charge)由某人负责由某人负责;由某人照料由某人照料(管理管理)have (the) charge of 负责负责 / 主管主管take charge of 负责负责 / 看管看管bring a charge of sth. against sb.指控某人指控某人犯犯罪罪charge sb.

22、with sth. 因某事控告某人因某事控告某人 易混辨异易混辨异(1) charge / accuse二者都含有二者都含有“控告控告; 谴责谴责”的意思。的意思。 charge指指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式进行正式 法律控诉法律控诉”,和介词和介词with搭配使搭配使用。用。accuse指指“当面指控或指责当面指控或指责,不一定诉诸不一定诉诸法庭法庭”, 和介词和介词of搭配使用。搭配使用。(2) charge / cost / expensecharge指某种服务或行政上的指某种服务或行政上的“收费收费, 征费征费”。cost指的是为某种目的的指的是为某种目

23、的的“支出性的、支出性的、投资性的、成本性的投资性的、成本性的”费用。费用。expense指的是各种可能的指的是各种可能的“开支开支, 消消费费”,常用复数形式。常用复数形式。 活学活用活学活用Can I help you?Id like a room with a bath. How much do you _? offer B. afford C. spare D. charge解析解析 根据句意知是根据句意知是“收多少钱收多少钱”, 故用故用charge。 D Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operati

24、ons from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. carry out 实施；落实；进行实施；落实；进行He carried out his promise to give up smoking. Tests have been carried out on the patient.活学活用活学活用（2010 浙江）浙江）The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise if _ regularly c

25、an improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outC解析：本句的句子的主语是解析：本句的句子的主语是 the experiment；谓语动词是谓语动词是 shows；that 引导宾语从句，宾语引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主干事：从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health, if _ regularly 是插入的是插入的条件从句，从句的主语是条件从句，从句的主语是 proper amounts of

26、exercise，此时应用，此时应用it 代替前面提到的主语，条代替前面提到的主语，条件句的主语与主句的主语一致，并且含有件句的主语与主句的主语一致，并且含有 is，故省略了故省略了 it is，完整形式是：，完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明，适当的运动，如果有句意为：这项实验表明，适当的运动，如果有规律的进行，能够有助于我们的身体健。规律的进行，能够有助于我们的身体健。with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic 是一个独立结构，其形是一个独立结构，其形式为式为: with +

27、 名词名词 / 代词代词 + 现在分词短语。现在分词短语。 请看以下例句：请看以下例句：with的复合结构：的复合结构：He felt safe with his mum standing behind him.He went to the library with his homework finished.With a lot of homework to do, he isnt free.He is used to sleeping with the windows open.He likes reading with his MP3 on.(1)He went out with a s

28、tick in his hand.with + n. + -edwith + n. + doingwith + n. + to dowith + n. + adj.with + n. + adv.with + n. + prep. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head. attach vt. 系系; 贴贴; 连接连接 vi. 附着附着, 附属附属; 相连相连; 相伴相伴

29、attached to their head是过去分词短语作定是过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句语，相当于一个定语从句which / that are attached to their head。归纳拓展归纳拓展attached adj. (作表语作表语) 依恋的依恋的; 附属于附属于attachment n. 附属附属; 依恋依恋; 附件附件, 附属物附属物attach sth. to sth. 把把附在附在上上, 把把固定到固定到attach oneself to sb. 和和在一起在一起, 缠着缠着be attached to sb. / sth.依恋依恋,留恋某人留恋某人(某事

30、物某事物); 隶属于隶属于 活学活用活学活用The company always _ great importance to the quality of their products. Thats why there is always a steady increase in sales year by year. puts B. attaches C. makes D. plays解析解析 由句意知，此处指由句意知，此处指“把把和和联系起联系起 来来”, 故用故用attach.to.。 BIm too busy enjoying my life now to worry about th

31、e future!句式分析句式分析本句是本句是“too . to do sth.”句式句式, 表示表示“太太 而不能做某事而不能做某事”, 是一个表示否定意义的句型。是一个表示否定意义的句型。Its too good an opportunity to miss. 这真是一个很好的机会这真是一个很好的机会, 不能错过。不能错过。 归纳拓展归纳拓展当当too . to .句型同句型同never, not等词连用时等词连用时, 表表示肯定的含义示肯定的含义, 意为意为“无论无论也不为过也不为过分分”。 We are never too old to learn. 我们应活到老学到老。我们应活到老学

32、到老。 French is not too difficult for us to learn. 对我们来说，法语并不太难学。对我们来说，法语并不太难学。活学活用活学活用Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course. You can never be _ careful with that. enough B. too C. so D. very解析解析 考查句式考查句式“无论无论也不为过也不为过”。 BNot all predictions come true.句式分析句式分析本句是部分否定句式。本句是部分否定句式。 Not all the

33、students went to the movies. = Some students did not go to the movies. 不是所有的学生都去看电影了。不是所有的学生都去看电影了。 如果全部否定应该用如果全部否定应该用none。 None of the students went to the movies. 没有一个学生去看电影。没有一个学生去看电影。 归纳拓展归纳拓展 部分否定与全部否定的惯用语对照如下部分否定与全部否定的惯用语对照如下: : 部分否定部分否定全部否定全部否定两两者者both . not / not . both (并非两者都并非两者都)neither/n

34、ot.either(两者都不两者都不)Both of the sisters are not here.并非两姊妹都在这里。并非两姊妹都在这里。Neither of the sisters is here.两姊妹都不在这里。两姊妹都不在这里。两两者者以以上上all . not / not . all(= some) (并非所并非所有有都都) every. not / not . Every (= some, few) (并并非每一非每一 个个都都)the whole . not / not. the whole(并非全部并非全部)not . any / none(没没有一个有一个)no one

35、 / nobody(没没有人有人)nothing (没有任何事没有任何事物物)I dont know all of them.他们我不全认识。他们我不全认识。I dont know any of them.他们我全不认识。他们我全不认识。活学活用活学活用They continued handing out the food to the natives until there was _ left.A. nothing B. noneC. no one D. no any解析解析 由句子知是由句子知是“没有一个剩下没有一个剩下”, 故用表示故用表示全部否定的全部否定的none。 BBy the

36、 year 2000,housewives will probably have a robot shaped like a box with one large eye on the top, .shape n. 形状形状, 外形外形; 体形体形 vt. 塑造塑造; 形成形成; 发育发育 发展发展 It was the Greeks who shaped the thinking of Western men.She was wearing a pin in the shape of a bird. This island is triangular in shape.归纳拓展归纳拓展in

37、shape 在形状上在形状上be in bad shape 情况处于混乱状态情况处于混乱状态;健康状况健康状况不佳不佳 be in good shape 处于良好状态处于良好状态;健康情况良好健康情况良好out of shape 变变(走走)样样;不成样子不成样子;身体不舒服身体不舒服,生生病病 in the shape of 以以的形状的形状(形式形式); 作为作为in any shape 任何形式任何形式keep sth. in shape 使使保持原形保持原形take the shape of 呈呈形状形状;以以形式出现形式出现shape . into . 把把加工成加工成 / 塑造成塑

38、造成 活学活用活学活用There is a paper flower on the desk _ like a pigeon. A. shaping B. shaped C. having shaped D. being shaped解析解析 分析句子知分析句子知shape和和flower之间是动宾关之间是动宾关系系, 故用过去分词表示被动。故用过去分词表示被动。 B If their marketing plans succeed, they _ their sales by 20 percent. (全国全国高考高考) A. will increase B. have been increasing C. have increased D. would be increasing 解析解析 句意为句意为: 如果他们的市场运作计划成功如果他们的市场运作计划成功,那么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状那么他们的销售将会增加百分之二十。条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来语从句中用一般现在时表将来, 主句必须用一主句必须用一般将来时。般将来时。 A Im still working on my project. Oh