language points in Five famous symbols of American Culture

1、BOOK 3Unit 4Language PointsBOOK 3Unit 4statue: n. e.g. as motionless as a statue 象雕像一样静止不动 the Statue of Liberty 美国的自由女神像近形词近形词 statue / staturethe natural height of a human being or an animal in an upright position 身材人或动物立正姿式时的自然高度 She was a little short in stature.她身材较矮小2. an achieved level; statu

2、s 声望获得的状况；地位 the lofty moral stature 崇高的精神境界1. a man of great stature 卓有成就的人BOOK 3Unit 4Stature Elevation Altitude height人体高度海拔高度海拔高度，科技用词高度BOOK 3Unit 4liberty: n.the freedom to go where you want, do what you want, etc. take the liberty of doing sth 冒昧行事 at liberty: 空闲的，自由不受约束的 e.g. 1) the liberties

3、 protected by the Bill of Rights. 受人权法案保护的自由权利 2) 言论自由 liberty of speech 3) You are at liberty to leave when you wish. 4) 我无权告诉你那件事情。 Im not at liberty to tell you that. 5) 你不在时我冒昧借用了你的词典。 I took the liberty of borrowing your dictionary while you were absent. BOOK 3Unit 4enlighten: vt. 1) to give sp

4、iritual or intellectual insight to 给予精神或智力的洞察力，启迪 2) to give sb. more information about sth. so that he or she knows the truth. e.g. 1) He enlightened me on this subject. 他就这个题目指点我。2) The child thought the world was flat until I enlightened him! 这孩子原以为地球是平的,后来我告诉他,他才知道不是。3) Listen to both sides and

5、you will be enlightened. 兼听则明。BOOK 3Unit 4phrase: enlighten sb. on the issue or questionse.g. 1) 关于这一题目，你能给我指点一番吗? Can you enlighten me on this subject? 2) 能否请你给我讲讲你未来的计划? Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future? 3) 你能给我讲讲这新程序吗?Can you enlighten me as to the new procedure? BOOK 3Unit 4al

6、liance: n. a group of countries, political parties or people who have agreed to work together because of the same interests or aims. 同盟，联盟 e.g. an alliance of labor unions opposing the bill. 反对法案的工会联盟 economic alliance 经济同盟ally: v. to unit or connect in a friendly association 结盟， 联盟 n. one that is a

7、llied with another 同盟者 BOOK 3Unit 41) 在第二次世界大战期间意大利和德国结成同盟国 Italy allied (itself) with Germany during World War II. 2) Several tribes allied to fend off the invaders. 几个部落联合起来抵抗侵略者3) That country entered the war as an ally of France. 作为法国的盟国参战4) the Allies (一战中的)协约国; (二战中的)同盟国BOOK 3Unit 4approve: vt

8、. accept, permit or officially agree to 批准,通过;赞成,称许vi. approve of : say, show or feel that sth. is good; like sb. or sth; be pleased about sth. 赞成,称许disapprove: vt. & vi.approval: n. approving: a. approvingly: ad. disapproval: n. disapproving: a. disapprovingly: adBOOK 3Unit 4e.g. 1) 国会批准了国家预算。

9、Congress approved the budget. 2) 他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。 Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. 3) I am sorry I must disapprove your action. 很抱歉，我必须指责你的行动。 工人们非常不赞成公司的新政策。 The workers strongly disapprove of the firms new policy. 5)她赞许地向他微笑 She gave him an approving smile. / She smiled at him

10、approvingly. BOOK 3Unit 4valuation resultsdocumentsnew suppliers 审批评估结果再次批准这些文件审批新的供应商her going steady with Franklinhim. his manner 赞成她与富兰克林持续交往对他满意喜欢他的举止BOOK 3Unit 4approve ratify 批准,认可sanction制定制裁规则,认可,核准,同意consent/ assent to give the green light toin favor of/go along with give the word to disapp

11、rove/oppose/object to turn down/frown on reject/denygive the thumbs down to veto 否决否决denounce 公然抨击公然抨击condemn 谴责谴责 rebut 反驳反驳BOOK 3Unit 4assemble:vt. 1. to bring or call together into a group or whole 召集集合或召集到一起成为一组或整体 e.g. 召集陪审团 assemble the jury.2. to fit together the parts or pieces of 装配 e.g. 装配

12、机器 assemble a machinevi. to gather together 集合，聚集 e.g. 所有的人都聚集在玛丽的屋子里。 All the people assembled at Marys house.Compare: 玛丽把所有的人都聚集在她屋子里。 Mary assembled all the people in her house. BOOK 3Unit 4assembly: n. 集合，集会， 装配 e.g. General Assembly (联合国)大会 assembly line (工厂产品的)装配线disassemble: v. 拆卸, 拆除, 分解；散开

13、e.g. disassemble a toaster 拆卸烤面包炉 The unit disassembles easily. 那个装置很容易拆开 观众开始散去。 The spectators began to disassemble/scatter. BOOK 3Unit 4近形词近形词 assemble, resembleresemble: vt. to exhibit similarity or likeness to. 类似，相象 e.g. He strongly resembles his father. 他酷似他的父亲。 比较：bear a strong/striking rese

14、mblance to 翻译：这幅赝品跟原作非常相似。 This artifact bears a strong resemblance to the original works.BOOK 3Unit 4gather: spontaneously by process collect: one by one, bit by bitassemble: for a joint purpose mass: in great number congregate: spontaneously BOOK 3Unit 4exaggerate: vt. & vi. to represent as gr

15、eater than is actually the case; overstate 夸大，夸张exaggerated: a. 夸大的， 言过其实的，夸张的exaggeration: n. 夸张，夸大This is no exaggeration.It is no exaggeration to say thatexaggerator: n. exaggerative, exaggeratory: adj. BOOK 3Unit 4e.g. 1) 你把困难夸大了。 You are exaggerating the difficulties. 2) Her hairstyle exaggerat

16、es the roundness of her face. 她的发式使她的脸形显得更圆。 3) 如果你总是夸大其辞，人们就不再相信你了。 If you always exaggerate, people will no longer believe you. 4) exaggerated piety 虚伪的虔诚Compare: exaggerate(-tion) v. overstate(ment)exaggerate较为正式，指使某事、物比事实上看起来更大、更糟等，后面常跟抽象名词或具体名词。Overstatement强调言语上的言过其实、夸张、夸大等。BOOK 3Unit 4 univer

17、sal: a.1. of or relating to the universe 宇宙的2. including, relating to, or affecting all members or situation 包括、有关或影响所有人/场合的；全体的，普遍的1) His speech met with universal applause. 他的讲话得到全场掌声。2）战争给所有的人带来苦难。 Wars cause universal misery.个人计算机大家都感兴趣，每个人都在学习怎样使用微机 Personal computers are of universal interest;

18、 everyone is learning how to use them.universally: ad.It is universally acknowledged that 普遍认为普遍认为These rules do not apply universally. 这些规则并非放诸四海而皆准。这些规则并非放诸四海而皆准。3) BOOK 3Unit 4world worldly 世间的,世俗的,世上的global globally 全局地universe universally 普遍地;一般地earth earthly 地球的,俗世的,可能的heaven heavenly 天上的,神圣的,

19、天国似的BOOK 3Unit 4solemn: a. e.g. give a solemn promise 予以郑重的许诺 a solemn vow 神圣的誓言 the solemn statement of the central government 中央政府的庄严声明solemnity: n. 庄严；隆重；严肃solemnize: v. 使庄严；隆重庆 祝/纪念BOOK 3Unit 4inspire: vt. fill sb with the ability or urge to do /feel sth or create a work or art, etc. 给以灵感 Poets

20、are usually inspired by nature in their creation.2. to stimulate to action; motivate: 激励，鼓舞inspiring: a. 令人鼓舞的， 振奋人心的 e.g. an inspiring speechinspiration: n. 灵感，鼓舞，振奋BOOK 3Unit 4 e.g. 1) 这一美景给了他灵感而创作出他最伟大的诗篇。 The scenery inspired him to write his greatest poetry. 2) inspire hope / loyalty / enthusia

21、sm in sb. 燃起某人的希望、唤起某人的忠诚，激起某人的热情 BOOK 3Unit 4grave:n. 坟墓坟墓a. e.g. a grave decision in a time of crisis 危机时期的重大决定危机时期的重大决定 a grave wound. 严重的创伤严重的创伤 a grave procession. 庄严行进的队伍庄严行进的队伍BOOK 3Unit 4stretch: vt. & vi. e.g. stretch the sweater out of shape 使毛衣伸长变形 stretch out ones hand 伸出手 She stretc

22、hed herself out on the couch and fell asleep. 她伸躺在沙发椅上睡着了 stretch every nerve to do sth-strain to do sth. 全神贯注地做某事 她竭尽全力养家糊口。(stretch oneself to do) She stretched herself to provide for the family. vi. Rubber stretches. 橡皮筋可伸展。 那场战争延续了四年。 The war stretched over four years. 森林绵延数百哩。 The forests stret

23、ch for hundreds of miles. BOOK 3Unit 4portrait: n. e.g. display the portraits of revolutionary martyrs 挂革命烈士的画像portray: vt. depict in pictures, in words, or by acting 用画像、语言或表演来描绘 e.g. a picture of the general portraying him as a Greek hero The diary portrays his family as quarrelsome. 日记中描绘他的家庭总是吵吵

24、闹闹。 Who portrayed king Lear? 谁扮演李尔王?portrayal n. (description/depiction)BOOK 3Unit 4tragedy: n. 悲剧tragic: a. 悲剧的 tragic events/death/fatetragedian: n. 悲剧演员comedy: n. 喜剧comic/comical: a. 喜剧的 comics: n. 连环画，漫画comedian: n. 喜剧演员BOOK 3Unit 4inspect: vt. 1. to examine carefully and critically, especially

25、for flaws. 检查(特别是为了发现毛病) He inspected the car before he bought it. 他买这辆车之前仔细检查了一下。2. to review or examine officially 检阅，视察e.g. The commander-in-chief inspected the troops. 总司令检阅了部队。 30 The government sent sb. to inspect our school. 政府派人来视察我们学校。inspection: n. 检查，视察inspector：n. 检察官，视察官BOOK 3Unit 4recr

26、uit: vt. gain sb as a new member; enlist 征募(新兵)，吸收(新成员)， 招生 e.g. recruit new members (to the club) 吸收新成员(进入俱乐部) colleges recruiting minority students 吸收少数民族学生的大学n. 新兵，新分子， 新会员 e.g. gain new recruits from among the young unemployed 从年轻的失业者中招收新成员BOOK 3Unit 4chin: n. e.g. keep ones chin up 口不灰心, 振作起来,

27、不泄气horn: n. e.g. The driver blew his horn at the slow truck. 司机向缓慢行驶的卡车按响了喇叭 blow ones own horn / trumpet 自吹自擂 BOOK 3Unit 4 dedicate: vt. (Line 11)1. to show to the public for the first time; to open (a building, for example) to public use 首次向公众展示; 开放（例如，建筑物）供公众使用 e.g. dedicate a monument. 为一座纪念碑举行落

28、成仪式2. to address or inscribe (a literary work, for example) to another as a mark of respect or affection. 题献给某人（在文学作品等上题献词表示尊敬或爱戴） This book/novel is dedicated to my mother without whom this book would have been impossible.3. to set apart for a special use; commit (oneself) to a particular course 为某

29、一特殊用途而奉献：致力于 e.g. 他们把钱用于科学研究 They dedicated their money to scientific research. We dedicated ourselves to starting our own business. 我们致力于经营自己的买卖。dedication: n.BOOK 3Unit 4prominent: a. (Line 46)1. projecting outward or upward from a line or surface 突起的；突出的 e.g. prominent eyes 凸眼 a prominent belly 罗汉肚2. immediately noticeable; conspicuous. 显眼的 e.g. A single tree in a field is prominent. 田地里一棵孤零零的树是很显眼的。3. widely known; eminent 著名的 e.g. prominent persons/figures 著名人物prominence: n. 突起的地方，显著，著名BOOK