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1、小学英语语法复习要点(1)一、名词复数规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-po
2、licemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ;child-children; foot-feet, tooth-teeth;fish-fish, people-people, chinese-chinese名词单数变复数规则:大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以ch,sh,s,x等结尾,则一般加es;以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆:mousemice,deerdeer,shee
3、psheep,oxoxen,写出下列各词的复数 i _we_him _them_this _these_her _them_watch _wacthes_child _photo _diary diaries_day_days_ foot_feet_ book_books_ dress _dresses_tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief thieves_yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_men_ woman_women_ paper_juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 一
4、般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:the sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:i get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:the earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成:1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:i am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:we study english.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或&qu
5、ot;-es"。如:mary likes chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:he is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:be +主语+其它。如:-are you a student? -yes. i am. / no, i'm not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:i don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数
6、时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:he doesn't often play.一般疑问句:do( does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:- do you often play football? - yes, i do. / no, i don't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:- does she go to work by bike? - yes, she does. / no, she doesn't.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:how does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一
7、般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_
8、0; teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. he often _(have) dinner at home.2. daniel and tommy _(be) in class one.3. we _(not watch) tv on monday.4. nick _(not go) to the zoo on sunday.5. _ they _(like) the world cup?6. what _they often _(do) on saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. the
9、girl _(teach) us english on sundays.9. she and i _(take) a walk together every evening.10. there _(be) some water in the bottle.11. mike _(like) cooking.12. they _(have) the same hobby.13. my aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. you always _(do) your homework well.15. i _(be) ill. im staying in
10、 bed.16. she _(go) to school from monday to friday.17. liu tao _(do) not like pe.18. the child often _(watch) tv in the evening.19. su hai and su yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. what day _(be) it today? its saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. daniel watches tv every evening.(改为否定句)_2. i do my
11、homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_3. she likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)_ 4. amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_5. we go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. he speaks english very well.(改为否定句)_7. i like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. john comes from canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. she is a
12、lways a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_10. simon and daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. is your brother speak english? _2. does he likes going fishing? _3. he likes play games after class. &
13、#160; _4. mr. wu teachs us english. _5. she dont do her homework on sundays. _小学英语语法复习要点(2)三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be +
14、主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_die_lie_tie_go_ like_ wr
15、ite_ _ski_let_babysit_set_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_dig_prefer_put_ see_ buy _ love_ cut_plan_live_ take_ come _ get_forget_slip_-stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_trip_drop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.the boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. listen .some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. my mother _ (
16、 cook )some nice food now.4. what _ you _ ( do ) now?5. look . they _( have) an english lesson .6.they _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.what is our granddaughter doing? she _(listen ) to music. 9. its 5 oclock no
17、w. we _(have)supper now10._helen_(wash )clothes? yes ,she is .三、句型转换:1. they are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2the students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_四、将来时理论及练习1、概念:表示将要
18、发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 2、基本结构:be going to + do; will+ do. 3、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:im going to have a picnic this afternoon. im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4、一般疑问句: be或will
19、提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:we are going to go on an outing this weekend. are you going to go on an outing this weekend?5、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。who 例如:im going to new york soon. whos going to new york soon.2.
20、160;问干什么。what do.例如: my father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. what is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。when.例如:shes going to go to bed at nine. when is she going to bed?6、同义句:be going to = willi a
21、m going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = i will go swimming tomorrow. 练习:填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。i_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.i _have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。what _ _ _ _ _ next monday? i _ _ _ play basketball.what _ you do next monday? i _ play basketba
22、ll.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? yes, she _. she _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。what time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)nancy _ going to go camping.6.&
23、#160; ill go and join them.(改否定)i _ go _ join them.7. im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. we will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. she is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)_
24、 _ she _ _ _ after school?10. my father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. today is a sunny day. we _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. my brother _ (go) to shanghai next
25、 week.13. tom often _(go) to school on foot. but today is rain. he _ (go) to school by bike.14. what do you usually do at weekends? i usually _ (watch) tv and _(catch) insects? 15. its friday today. what _she _ (do) this weekend? she _ (watch) tv and _ (catch) insects.16.
26、 what _ (d0) you do last sunday? i _ (pick) apples on a farm. what _ (do) next sunday? i _ (milk) cows.17. mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. liu tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. david _ (give) a puppet show next monday.20.
27、;i _ (plan) for my study now.小学英语语法复习要点(3)五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
28、60;否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:did jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: what did jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-c
29、ooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied5不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-rea
30、d, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _be动词的过去时练习(1)name _ no. _ date _一、
31、0; 用be动词的适当形式填空1. i _ at school just now.2. he _ at the camp last week.3. we _ students two years ago.4. they _ on the fa
32、rm a moment ago.5. yang ling _ eleven years old last year.6. there _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. there _ some milk in the fridge on sunday.8. the
33、 mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、 句型转换1. it was exciting. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_2. all the students were very excited. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_3. they were in his pocket. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_be动词的过去时练习(2)name _
34、0; no. _ date _一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. i _ an english teacher now.2. she _ happy yesterday.3. they _ glad to see each other last month.4. helen and nancy _ goo
35、d friends.5. the little dog _ two years old this year.6. look, there _ lots of grapes here.7. there _ a sign on the chair on monday.8. today _ the secon
36、d of june. yesterday _ the first of june. it _ childrens day. all the students _ very excited.二、句型转换1. there was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:_一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_肯、否定回答:_行为动词的过去时练习(1)name _ no. _ date _一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. he _ (live) in wuxi two years ago.2. the cat _ (
37、eat) a bird last night.3. we _ (have) a party last halloween.4. nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. i _ (make) a model ship with mike yesterday.6. they _ (play) chess in the classroom last pe lesson.7. my mother _ (cook) a nice food last spring festival.8. the girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.二、句型转换1. su hai took some p
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