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1、高考英语熟词生义词汇整理从近几年的高考英语试题中可发现高考命题非常重视对常用词汇较少使用 意义的考查,这一点可以从单项选择和完形填空中均可看出。很多考生因不懂 这些熟词的 “新含义 ”而出现思维堵塞的现象,这严重地影响了考生对题干乃至 全文的正确理解,给他们造成了不应有的失分。英语中的一词多义现象是普遍 存在的。1 absent(熟义: adj缺席的 )He looked at me in an absent way (adj茫然的,恍惚的 )2abuse(熟义: v滥用;漫骂 )She is quite a successful career woma,n but actually shes

2、 much abused at home(v虐待)4ache(熟义: v.n疼痛 )He was aching for home (v渴望 )5. act(熟义: v. n行动 )It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act (vi起作用 )6 address(熟义: n地址 v写地址 )It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting(vt向 发表演说; 直接向 一说话 )8. against(熟义: prep逆着,反对;倚,靠;碰 )The picture looks nice

3、 against the white wall(prep映衬 )9. age(熟义: n年龄 )Worry aged him rapidly(v(使)变老 )10. air(熟义: n空气 )Dont air your troubles too often(v抒发;倾诉;播送 )There was a comfortable air about her room (n样子,神态,气氛 )11. alone(熟义: adv单独地,一个人地 )She alone was able to answer the question(adv仅仅,只有 )12amount(熟义: n量)The cost a

4、mounted to $200(v (to)共计,达到 )What you have said amounts to a plain (简单的,坦率的 ) refusal (v相当于 ) 13 announce(熟义:宣布 )A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring (vt显示,预告 ) 14appreciate(熟义: v欣赏;感激;感谢 )I appreciate that I may be wrong (V意识到 realize) 15attend(熟义: v出席;参加 )The nurse attended to him day an

5、d night(v看护;治疗;陪同 )16 accompany(熟义: vt陪伴;伴奏 )Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain (v伴随 ) 17allow(熟义: v允许 )This diet allows you one glass of wine a day (vt 使可能 )18approach(熟义: vt靠近;接近 )fill vt.担任s jo(职b 务等),任职I approached him about filling the manager(v接洽;建议;要求 )19. available(熟义: adj可得到的;可找到The wo

6、rthy professor is now availableworthy adj. 值得的;配得上的,相称的;可尊敬的; n.杰出人物;知名人 士(adj(人)有空的)20become(熟义: v变得,变成 )Her new hat certainly becomes her (vt适于,适合 )21 behavior(熟义: n举止;行为 )The behavior of this computer is moderately good(中等,比较好 ) moderately adv. 适度地;中庸地;有节制地 (n性能,特点 ) 22blank(熟义: adj空白的 n空白 )The s

7、tranger returned(回应) my greeting with a blank look (adj没表情的;空虚的;没兴趣的 )I can not think where Ive left my umbrella ; my minds a complete blank! (n记忆中的空白,遗忘 )23blue(熟义: adj n蓝色 )His songs always make me feel blue(adj忧伤的 )24. bare(adj熟义:裸露的 )He likes to bare his heartsoul with his close friends (vt向某人袒露

8、心声 ) 25bear(熟义: vt 忍受;容忍 )He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the sears(sears n.灼伤 ) (v显示;带有 )26bound(熟义: a 由一定会 )I don t like being d-ebsokund all daybound (adj受约束的 )desk-bound adj.埋头事务的,书呆子气的27cause(熟义: v致使)We are struggling for revolutionary cause(n事业)28celebrate(熟义: vt庆祝 )He celebrat

9、ed her for her courage (vt称颂,赞扬 )29climate(熟义: n气候 )The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsettingupsetting adj.令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的 (n风气;思潮;倾向 )30 cloudy(熟义: adj阴的,多云的 )Who did it still remains cloudy (adj不明朗的,不清晰的 )31 coach(熟义: n教练 )She coached me in English (v辅导,指导 )32count(熟义: n.&v计算,数 )(1)The

10、re are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers(vt包括 )(2)It is not how much you read but what you read that counts(vt 有价值, 重要)(3)She was counted among the greatest dancers (vt 以为,视为 )33 couple(熟义:一对,一双;一对夫妇 )The dining car was coupled onto the last coach(v联合,连接 )34 course(熟义: n课程;过程 )The mai

11、n course was a vegetable stew炖( 汤)(n一道菜 )35cross(熟义: v跨越,横穿 n十字)Dont be cross with him after all,he meant to help(adj生气的 )36case(熟义: n情况;状况 )There are three cases of fever in school (n病例;案例 )37casual(熟义: adj偶然的;随意的 )He was employed as a casual laborer (adj临时的 )38cater(熟义: v为社交活动提供饮食;承办酒席 )TV must ca

12、ter for many different tastes(v满足需要;迎合 ) 39challenge(熟义: v挑战 )I challenged him to a game of chess .(v 强烈建议某人干某事 ) 40chance(熟义: n机会 )She chanced to be in when he called(v碰巧 )41 charge(熟义:索价,收费;指控;控告 )Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby(v.赋予 责任或义务 )42 clean(熟义: adj干净的 )I clean forgot it

13、.(adv 彻底地;完全地 )43 consume(熟义: vt消耗;消费 )The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood (vt烧毁;毁灭 )44damage(熟义: v&n损坏 )He claimed $7000 damages from the taxi company(claim v.索取,认领;声 称;索赔 )(n赔偿金 (复数 )=compensation)45dawn(熟义: n 拂晓 v破晓,天亮 )The truth began to dawn on him (v开始明白 )注: daw

14、n on 开始被理解;渐渐明白46desert(熟义: n沙漠 )He deserted his wife and children and went abroad (v抛弃,离弃 )47 develop(熟义: v发展;开发;研制 )Did you have the films developed? (v:冲印 )develop a disease a habit(v逐渐形成 )Sure enough, most of the plants developed the disease.sure enough口语 一定,果然;无疑,毫无疑问(vt 患病;出现问题 )48difficult(熟义

15、: adj困难的)Dont be a difficult customer.(adj. 难以取悦的,不易满足的 )49dismiss(熟义: v解雇,开除 )He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic (v拒绝考虑 (某 观点等 )50 drive(熟义: v驾驶)Hunger drove her to steal (v迫使某人 (做不好或不快的事 )51divorce(熟义: v与某人离婚 )You cann t divorce science from ethic道a德l( 的 )questions(v使分离;使脱

16、离)52 draw(熟义: v画;拖;拉 )What moral(n. 道德;寓意 ) are we to draw from the story?(v获得,取得, 推断出 )53engage(熟义: vt占用;使参加;从事 )A personal computer engages his interest now(vt.吸引 )54excuse(熟义: n借口 v原谅 )He was excused from piano practice(v免除某人的职责 )55 express(熟义: v表达 )His express wish was that you should come here

17、by air (adj明确的 )Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai? (n 快车 )56encourage(熟义 :vt鼓励;激励 )Good health encourages clear thinking (v促进,助长,刺激 )57escape(熟义: v逃跑;逃脱 )His name escapes me for the moment(目前 )(v被忘掉;被忽视 )58explode(熟义: v爆炸爆裂 )Im about to explode!He broke my violin (v勃然大怒;大发雷霆 )59exploit(熟义

18、 :v开发;开采;剥削 )You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things (v利用 )60fail(熟义: v失败)Our water supply failed(v不足;缺乏 )He is failing in health His health is failing(v衰退,衰弱 )He failed to lend her a hand(v未能 )Words failed him (说不出话来 )(vt使失望;有负于 )61fill(熟义: v填满)His answer did not fill our need(vt 满足

19、)62fine(熟义: adj美好的,很棒的,晴朗的 )There s a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words(adj微妙 的)The man will get a fine if he parks the car there(n罚款 )63fond(熟义: adj.自由的,喜欢的;慈爱的;深情的 )Fond parents will spoil their child (adj溺爱的 )64 force(熟义: vt强迫 )The policeman forced the knife from the criminal

20、(vt夺取s )h and65 foreign(熟义: adj外国的;外交的 )The subject is foreign to me(adj不熟悉的 )Telling lies is foreign to her nature(本性)(adj和格格不人 )66form(熟义:vt形成 )I cannot form an opinion about it (vt想出 )67freeze(熟义: v结冰,凝固 )Freeze! Or Ill shoot(v不许动 )68fly(熟义: v飞;飞翔;飞彤 n苍蝇 )The children flew to meet their mother (v

21、疾驰;疾行 )69 fresh(熟义: adj新鲜的 )She is quite fresh to office work (adj无经验的 )70gain(熟义: v获得;赢得 )Don t worry My watch gains We still have time(v(钟表 )快 )The car gained speed gradually(vt增加 (速度,重量 )71ground(熟义: n地面 )He has strong grounds for more money (n理由 )72glare(熟义: v怒目而视 )The sun glared out ofthe blue

22、sky (v发出刺眼的光 )73 govern(熟义: v管理;控制 )The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods (vt 影响;支配 )74 Grow up(熟义:长大;成熟 )A warm friendship grew up between the two men (逐渐发展;形成 )75hit(熟义: v击中,打击 )The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year (n成功;红极一时 的人或事 )76 hold(熟义: vt握住,抓住;抱住 )His

23、promise still holds (vi.适用,有效 )77ill(熟义: adj生病的 )It s no good speaking ill of other(sadj.&adv坏的地 )78. industry(熟义: n工业;产业 )His success was due to industry (n 努力;勤勉 )79 interest(熟义: n兴趣 )Our family has an interest in the business (n利益;股份 )80 invent(熟义: v发明 )He invented an excuse for his being late (v

24、捏造,虚构 ) 81invite(熟义: v邀请 )Dont leave the window openit s inviting thieves( vto e吸nt引er,招致)The dishes are really inviting (adj诱人的 )82 inspire(熟义: v.激励;鼓舞 )His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother(v启发 ) 83jam(熟义: n果酱)He jammed four apples in his pocket (vt塞进 )The accident jammed the mai

25、n road for 2 hours. (vt堵塞 )There are traffic jams every day on this road(n堵塞 ) 84jump(熟义: v n跳)Last week theprice of goods jumped(n. v大幅度上涨 )85 just(熟义: adv正好;恰好 )You are a just person (adj公正的 )86kid(熟义: n小孩 )Take it easyI m just kidding(v开玩笑;欺骗 ) 87kill(熟义: v杀掉;害死 )That guy hangsaround all day long

26、,killing time (v消磨时间 )88 late(熟义: adj迟到的地;晚的地 )She missed her late husband very much (adj已故的 )89. lecture(熟义: v.n讲课;演讲 )Do stop lecturing me (v训斥;教训 )90lift(熟义: v拾高)Can you give me a lift?(n搭便车 )His report gave us a lift(n鼓舞 )91 lose(熟义: v失去;丢掉 )Please hurry!My watch loses 10 minutes(vi(钟表)慢(与 gain

27、相对) 92lot(熟义: n量,批)It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centres (n 作某种用途的场地 )93. lay(熟义: vt放置;产卵;下蛋 )The foundations ofthe house are being laid today (v铺;铺设 ) 94last(熟义: adj最后的 )He is the last man I want to see。(adj最不可能的 )95. marry(熟义: v结婚,与某人结婚 )This poem marries theme

28、 and style well (v使紧密结合,使混为一体 )96. mean(熟义: v意思是,意味着 )Its mean of you to eat up all the apples (adj自私的,卑鄙的,吝啬的 )97. mend(熟义: v修理;修补 )The patient is still mending slowly after the operation (v痊愈;改善 )98. message(熟义: n信息,口信 )I d like to see a film with a message(n.教益,寓意 ) 100multiply( 熟义:乘; v乘以;繁殖 )We

29、can multiply our chances of success (v成倍增加;迅速增加 )101note( 熟义: n笔记 )Learn the notes by heart(n台词 )I noted that her hands were dirty (v注意,特别指出,提及 )102. open(熟义: v开 adj开着,打开的 )They left the matter open (adj(问题,议事等 )未解决的 )103.operate(熟义: vi机器运转工作;做手术 )The medicine operated quickly(vi起作用 )105.part (熟义: n

30、部分;零件,角色 )In order to raise money, he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions(v.分手;放弃;卖掉 )106position(熟义: n位置;职位 )What s your position on the problem?(n立场;观点 )107promise(熟义: v n许诺 )The dark clouds promise rain (v有的希望;使 有可能 )108pronounce(熟义: v发音 )The judge pronounced against her appea

31、(l 上诉) (v宣称;宣布;判决 )109. put up(熟义:建设;张贴 )Could you put me up for the night?(留某人住宿 )110. pick up(熟义:拾起,捡起;偶然发现;弄到手;听到 / 得到 (情报,知 识);康复;增加(速度)Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day(timber n. 木材;木料 )(用车接某人 )111. possess熟( 义:拥有 )A violent anger (暴怒 )possessed him (vt(感情

32、,情绪等 )支配;控制 )112rate(熟义: n比率,速度 )These potatoes rate among the best(v对 作出评价;被认为,被评价 为)113read(熟义: v阅读 )I didn t read mother s thoughts at th(avt tim理e解;领会 )114. reflect(熟义: v映出;反射;表现 )I need time to reflect on your offer( 提议 )(v沉思;思考 (on upon)115round(熟义: prep. adv环绕,围着 adj圆形的 )We are losing the gam

33、e in the last round due to our complacency(n.自满;满 足)(n回合;局;轮; )116recover(熟义: v恢复健康;痊愈 )He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself (v恢复;重新控制 )117refresh(熟义: vt使恢复精力 )Her words refreshed my memory (v.提醒;提示;使想起;重新斟满;刷新 )118relate(熟义: v与 有关;相关 )I related my adventure to my family (v讲述 )119remo

34、te(熟义: adj.偏远的;偏僻的 )He is a remote relative of mine(adj关系较远的;远亲的 )120repair(熟义: v.n修理)How can I repair the damage I have caused?(v 补救;弥补 )121respect(熟义: vt. n.尊敬;敬意 )The plan is faulty in every respect(faulty adj.有错误的;有缺点的 )(n.方面 )122review(熟义: vt 复习)She reviewed what had happened(vt回顾 )123safe(熟义:

35、adj安全的 )He is a safe man. You can count on him(adj谨慎的;不冒险的 ) (count on 指望;依靠 )124say(熟义: vt说)Say (that) war breaks out, what will you do? (vt 假定,显示,表明 ) Say that =Lets say that125see(熟义: vt.看到)This century has seen two world wars(vt有 的经验,经历,体验 ) 126shoulder(熟义: n肩膀)Young people should learn to shoul

36、der the dutyblame (blame n.责备;责 任;过失 )(v承担)127sound(熟义: n声音 )It is important to have a sound body(adj健全的 )My wife is a sound sleeper(adj酣睡的 )Your idea is very sound.(adj 中肯的,合理的 )128. spare(熟义: adj.多余的;备用的;空余的 v.吝惜;拨出,抽出 )He spared the thief (v饶恕;放过 )129. spring(熟义: n春天;泉水 )Fast food restaurants are

37、 springing up all over the city.(v猛然跳起;出现; 涌现;萌芽 )130. steal(熟义: v偷)He stole a glance of her in the mirror (v快速或偷偷地取得 )131. strength(熟义: n力气)Maths is not my strength(n 强项,优点,优势 )132. succeed(熟义: v成功 )who will succeed to the title(头衔,军衔;官衔 ,爵位 ).(v继承 ;继任)134. surprise(熟义: V&t 使惊讶,惊奇 )Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight (v出奇不意地袭击或发现 )135. sympathy(熟义: n.同情 )Annie s sympathies lie firmly with the workers(lie with 是的权利;是

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