高三英语一轮复习：虚拟语气语法

1、 一.虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。条件从句If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去时（过去时（were）过去完成时过去完成时would/could/should/might +V.（原）（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.过去时2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.（原）（原）Subjunctive Mood情况例句现在1. If I were tired, I would have a rest.2. If I knew his address, I could wri

2、te to him过去1. If he had set out earlier, he would have caught the early bus.将来1. If I should have time tomorrow, I would go to the library.2. If he were to come here this evening, we would invite him to attend the party.3. If it rained this afternoon, the football match would be postponed until next

3、 Saturday.Practice 1)Fill in the blanks with the words in brackets. you may change the form if necessary.1 If he had not made many mistakes,he_(pass) the test.2.If it were to rain tomorrow, we _(go ) for a picnic.3.If we were to panic, we _ (be able to )help.4.If you _(be) here last night, you would

4、 have met the well-known cancer expert.5 If he _(see) you yesterday, he would have told you. would have passed had been had seen wouldnt gowouldnt be able toSubjunctive Mood省略 if 的条件从句的结构如果虚拟条件从句的谓语含有如果虚拟条件从句的谓语含有were, had 或或should, 即可即可省略省略if，将将1. If she were free now, she would go with you.Were sh

5、e free., she would .2. If I were to do the experiment, I would save some money.Were I to do the ., I would .3. If he had not come, they would have gone. Had he not come, they would have .4. If he should give up smoking, his illness would be cured.Should he give up ., his . would be .Subjunctive Mood

6、(一) 混合条件句/有时条件从句和主句的有时条件从句和主句的时态不一致时态不一致，这种句子称作，这种句子称作: 混合条件句混合条件句/1. If you had worked harder, your English would be better now. 如果你过去努力学习的话， 你的英语现在就会较好的了.2. If he had given me the ticket yesterday, I would attend the concert now. 如果昨天他， 现在我3. If I were you, I would have gone to the cinema. 如果我是你，

7、我就已经去看电影了l比较下面两个句子：比较下面两个句子：lIf you had followed the doctors advice, you would be all right now.lIf you had followed the doctors advice, you would have been all right then. If you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now.Subjunctive Mood (二二) 1. If there were not water, fish could not live.

8、Without water, fish could not live.2. If you had not helped me, I would have failed.Without/But for your help, I would have failed.l Without electricity = If there were no electricitySubjunctive Mood Subjunctive Mood（二）虚拟语气用在宾语从句中用在 insist; order, command; suggest, propose, advise; ask, request, req

9、uire, demand; desire 等动词后，宾语从句的谓语动词用should + 动词动词原形表示，原形表示，should 可以省略可以省略，只用动词原形（用于所有人称）We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should ) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.但是特别需要引起注意的是suggest只有当

10、作“建议”才用虚拟语气，当作“暗示.表明”时候不用虚拟语气。Insist表示“坚决要求，坚持”时用虚拟语气，表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时候不用虚拟语气。His face suggested that he was angry. He suggested that he should leave the house right away.PracticeSubjunctive Mood三.用在主语从句中虚拟语气用在主语从句中，主要有以下几种句型：1)It is necessary (natural, strange, important, essential, etc) that .2) It i

11、s suggested (desired, requested, ordered, proposed, etc) that.3) It is a pity (a shame, no wonder etc) that. 从句中的谓语动词常should + V表示，也可省略表示，也可省略should而用而用V1. It is necessary that we (should) spend an hour learning English every day.2. It is important that we (should) learn hard. 四四. l 1. I wish I _(am

12、) a bird.l werel 2. He wishes he _(not make) the big mistake. l hadnt madel 3. I wish I _(can be) of some use in the future. l could bel 4. He speaks English as if he _(be) an Englishman.l werel 5. They two talked about the city as if they _(be) there before.l had been 五用在五用在it is (high) time that .

13、句型中句型中在在 It is (high) time that . 句型中（句型中（that引导的是引导的是主语从句），从句用主语从句），从句用虚拟语气虚拟语气，其动词用，其动词用一般过去式一般过去式/should +V.,表示现在或将来的状态或行为，意思是表示现在或将来的状态或行为，意思是“该干某件事了该干某件事了”，含有晚了一点的意思，为了强调，含有晚了一点的意思，为了强调，往往在往往在time前加前加 high1. It is time that we went/should go home.2. It is time that you handed in your compositio

14、n. Subjunctive Mood六用在简单句中虚拟语气可以用在以虚拟语气可以用在以 may 开头的句子中，表示开头的句子中，表示 “祝祝愿愿”， 也可以用在也可以用在 long live开头的句子中，表示开头的句子中，表示 “强强烈的愿望烈的愿望: 万岁万岁”1. May you have a good journey!2. May you succeed!3. Long live the Communist Party of China!4. Heaven help him!5. God bless you!七用在If only感叹句中If only表示表示 “但愿但愿”， “要是要是

15、就好了就好了”， 它的用法和它的用法和 I wish 基本相同。如与基本相同。如与 would 连用，则表示一时很难实现的愿望连用，则表示一时很难实现的愿望1. If only he didnt write so carelessly!2. If only she had arrived in time.3. If only the rain would stop!要是今天是星期天就好了。要是今天是星期天就好了。If only it were Sunday today.比较比较if only与与only if only if表示表示“只有只有”；if only则表示则表示如果如果就好了就好了。I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。当时闹钟响了，就好了。八用在八用在 would rather 后的后的 that 从句中从句中would rather 意为 “宁愿”， would rather sb. did