Hurricane飓风PPT演讲课件

1、Lesson OnenFace to Face with Hurricane Camille Aims nTo know the writing technique of a narrative.nTo be acquainted with some literary termsnTo learn to use words to describe disasters and violencenTo appreciate the language featuresnTo learn to write a story about disasters. Teaching ContentsnPre-r

2、eading questionsnBackgroundnText studynThe literary style and terms of narrationnLanguage pointsnComprehension QuestionsnText Analysis and AppreciationnExercises nTasks After ClassPre-reading questions1. What types/styles of writing do you know? Explain them briefly.2. What is narration? How is a pi

3、ece of narration developed? What elements are basically necessary in a narrative writing?3. What is Hurricane? What other related terms do you know?BackgroundnHurricane: a tropical storm in which winds attain speeds greater than 75 miles (121 kilometers) per hour. The term is often restricted to tho

4、se storms occurring over the North Atlantic Ocean. Incipient hurricanes usually form over the tropical N Atlantic Ocean and mature as they drift westward. Hurricanes also occasionally form off the west coast of Mexico and move northeastward from that area. An average of 3. 5 tropical storms per year

5、 eventually mature into hurricanes along the east coast of North America, usually over the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of Mexico.Background Hurricanes are given girls names. The National Weather Service of the United States has used girls names to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf o

6、f Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical order. A semi-permanent list of 10 sets of names in alphabetical order was established in 1971. This practice of giving girls names to hurricanes changed recently. In 1980 a hurricane was given a mans name and was called Hurricane David. H

7、urricane sea-son begins June 1 and ends Nov. 30.The track of hurricane CamilleBackgroundnHurricane Camille: The storm lashed Mississippi and Louisiana for two days, Aug. 17 - 18, in 1969. The death toll was 258.nHurricane Betsy: The- storm lashed Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana in 1965 from Sept.

8、 7 - 10, causing the death of 74 persons.BackgroundnSalvation Army: Protestant denomination and international non-sectarian Christian organization for evangelical (福音的) and philanthropic (慈善的) work. It was founded by William Booth, with the assistance of his wife Catherine Booth. The movement, begun

9、 in 1865, was originally known as the East London Revival Society, shortly re-named the Christian Mission, and finally in 1878 designated the Salvation Army. A military form of organization, with uniforms and other distinctive features, was adopted in the interest of a more effective warfare against

10、 evil. The organization Background has es-tablished branches in more than 75 countries throughout the world. Each country has its divisions and local corps, with a commander at the head of all. International headquarters are in London. The army operates hospitals, community centers, alcoholic and dr

11、ug rehabilitation (恢复) programs, emergency and disaster services, social work centers and recreation facilities. Support of the vast undertakings in all parts of the world depends upon voluntary contributions and profits from the sale of publications.BackgroundnRed Cross: international organization

12、concerned with the alleviation of human suffering and the promotion of public health. The creation of the agency was spurred by Jean Henry Dunant (1878- 1910). Dunant, a Swiss citizen, urged the formation of voluntary aid societies for relief of war victims. He also asked that service to military si

13、ck and wounded be neutral. The Society genovoise dutilite publique, a Swiss welfare agency, actively seconded Dunants suggestion, the result being the formation ( 1863) of the organization that is today known as the International Committee of the Red Cross. Background The next year, delegates from 1

14、6 nations met in Switzerland and the Geneva Convention of 1864 for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick of Armies in the Field was adopted and signed by 12 of the nations represented. It provided for the neutrality of the personnel of the medical services of armed forces, the hu

15、mane treatment of wounded, the neutrality of civilians who voluntarily assisted them, and the use of an international emblem to mark medical personnel and supplies. Background In honor of Dunants nationality a red cross on a white background - the Swiss flag with colors reversed - was chosen as the

16、symbol (which in Moslem areas is replaced by a red crescent and in Iran by a red lion and sun). Today there are national Red Cross societies in over 100 countries of the world, each a self-governing organization, and two international groups with headquarters in Geneva: the International Committee o

17、f the Red Cross and the League of Red Cross Societies. The blanket agency for all Red Cross group is known as the International Red Cross,Lesson One Theme - man vs nature Text studynThe literary style and terms of narrationnLanguage pointsnComprehension QuestionsnText Analysis and AppreciationThe li

18、terary style Narration A piece of narration is mainly developed in the actual time sequence chronological development. The writer tells the readers what happens first, what next. Narration is concerned with action, with life in motion, with a meaningful series of actions. The literary style It goes

19、around people called characters in some kind of struggle or conflict against other people, nature, society or themselves. The actions, that is, incidents and events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings (chronological order). The

20、literary style As the conflict develops, suspense and tension increase until the highest point or the climax of the struggle is reached. After the climax, the story quickly moves to a conclusion, which is sometimes called a denouement. Action (lot) usually dominates narration; however, some narrativ

21、es focus on character, theme (the idea behind the story), or atmosphere (the mood or tone).The literary stylenarration - story tellingextended narration - novels histories biographies autobiographies traveloguesThe Literary termsThe essentials of narration:1. characters2. plotA good story has a begi

22、nning, a middle, an end, even though it may start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.The Literary terms Characterization The process by which a writer presents the personal traits of the people in a story. Through characterization, writers

23、make clear what the characters in their stories are like. Writers commonly use five methods of characterization: 1) they show their characters in action; 2) they tell what the characters say; 3) they give a physical description of the characters; 4) they tell how others react to the characters; 5) t

24、hey state directly what the characters are like. The Literary terms Protagonist The central character in a story, the one upon whom the action centers. The protagonist faces a problem and must undergo some conflict* to solve it. The protagonist is opposed by an antagonist, * which may be a person, o

25、r some force of nature, or even a flaw in the protagonists personality.The Literary terms Antagonist The character or force that opposes the protagonist,* who is the central character in a story. In a few stories, the antagonist is not a person, but an animal or a force, such as a storm or a weaknes

26、s of character, that the protagonist is trying to overcome.The Literary terms Setting The place and the time in which a story happens. In some stories the setting is very important; it may actually determine what happens. Setting can also be used to create atmosphere or mood: in Jack Londons To Buil

27、d a Fire, the frozen Yukon setting creates an atmosphere of bleakness and hostility.The Literary terms Plot The plot is an account of the conflict* that takes place between the antagonist and the protagonist. What happens in a story. Plot consists of a series of related events that are brought to so

28、me kind of conclusion. Most plots contain the following elements: a problem to be solved; a conflict;* suspense;* and a climax.* The Literary terms Conflict The struggle between opposing forces that is the basis of all of our stories. Usually the conflict is between two persons, but it may be betwee

29、n a person and a natural force, such as a flood, or between a person and society, or between a person and a weakness in that persons character. A conflict is external when it takes place between a character and some outside force. A conflict is internal when it takes place within a characters own mi

30、nd or feelings. There often may be more than one kind of conflict in a story. The Literary termsnProtagonist -Antagonist nMan naturenMan man nMan himselfnFace to face with nHurricane Camille /typhoon/volcano/earthquake/nPollution/global warming/population explosion/disease/nNuclear weapon/warfare/en

31、ergy exhaustion/economic crises/The Literary terms Suspense a state of uncertainty Climax The point in a story when we find out whether or not the protagonist* has won the conflict.* The climax is usually the moment of greatest suspense and interest in a story.The Literary terms Denouement It is the

32、 ending or the conclusion of the story. After the climax, when all the conflicts are settled, the story quickly moves to a conclusion, which is called a denouement. The Literary terms Theme The main idea in a story. The theme of a story usually is an idea about life or about people. Writers sometime

33、s state the storys theme outright, but more often they simply tell the story and let the reader discover the theme. It is important to understand the difference between theme and plot.* Theme is an idea revealed by the events of the story; plot is simply what happens in a story. The Literary terms P

34、oint of view The vantage point from which a story is told. When a story is told by a character in the story, it is told from the first-person point of view. The character telling such a story uses the pronoun I, which in grammar is called the first-person pronoun. A narrator using the first person c

35、an tell us only what he or she can hear and see as a character in the story. When a story is told by the writer as an outsider, it is told from the third-person point of view. Such a story-teller is not limited, but knows everything. Hence, the third-person point of view is sometimes called the omni

36、scient point of view.The Literary terms Interposition A passage which is put between the action. The purpose is to add more information and to create suspense. The Literary terms Flashback The Interruption of chronological sequence by interjection of event of earlier occurrence. climax falling actio

37、n denouement rising action conflict beginning suspense ending Language Points1. Hurricane and other terms of windhurricane -1. strong tropical storm2. strong fast wind which speeds more than 75 mph3. western Atlantic Ocean4. given a girls name; named alphabetically / ordered according to the initial

38、 letterLanguage Pointstyphoon -1. Western Pacific Ocean or China Sea2. numberedLanguage Pointswhirlwind a general term/ circular windtornado visible as a tube-shaped cloud of dust which moves in a relatively narrow path can be devastating in its destructivenesscyclone a vortex, usually hundreds of m

39、iles in diameter; over the Indian Ocean Language PointsGale - a general term for a very strong wind capable of doing considerable damage to property Language PointsTsunami a wave train, or series of waves, generated in a body of water by an impulsive disturbance that vertically displaces the water c

40、olumn. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and even the impact of cosmic bodies, such as meteorites, can generate tsunamis. Tsunamis can savagely attack coastlines, causing devastating property damage and loss of life.the Beaufort scalethe Beaufort scale，蒲福风力等级(英国海军将领Francis Bea

41、ufort 1774-1857拟订,分0-12级), defines wind as:0 clam breeze 01 light breeze 1-3 mph2 slight breeze 4-73 gentle breeze 8-124 moderate breeze 13185 fresh breeze 1924the Beaufort scale6 strong breeze 25-317 moderate gale 32-388 fresh gale 39-469 strong gale 47-5410 whole gale 55-6311 storm 64-7512 hurrica

42、ne over 75Language Points2. Face to Face with Hurricane Camille: All headings and titles are generally succinct and particular care is given to the choice of words. The aim is to present the article, story, etc. as vividly and as forcefully as possible to attract the attention of would-be readers.La

43、nguage Pointsface to face: confronting one another, connoting a sense of urgency and danger. The confrontation is generally with something dangerous, difficult or hard to resolve. e.g. face to face with the enemy face to face with the tiger face to face with the problemLanguage PointsnAnalyse paragr

44、aph 1. nDoes it have a topic sentence, a central idea?n How is the paragraph developed?n What is the function of the last sentence?Language PointsnThe topic sentence - John Koshak, Jr., knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad. nThis idea is developed or supported by facts or reasons showing how Joh

45、n Koshak, Jr., knew that Hurricane Camille would be badnThe last sentence introduces some other characters in the story and serves as a transition to the next important point in the story - why John Koshak Jr. decided not to abandon his homeLanguage PointsnSkim through the text and see how you can d

46、ivide the first part. - Para.1- Para.6nWhat is the main idea? - Knowing hurricane Camille would be bad and still reluctant to abandon their home, the Koshaks were preparing for the hurricane.Language Points3. John Koshak, Jr: Jr.: the abbreviation of junior. Sr.: (senior) is sometimes put after the

47、name of the father. If the name continues into the third generation, Roman numerals (I. II. III. etc.) are used, mainly among big, rich, tipper class families, e. g. John Rockefeller I / John Rockefeller II / John Rockefeller IIILanguage Points4. Radio and television warnings . The weather report on

48、 Aug. 17: The weather forecast says cloudy today, with a strong wind from the northwest, grade five to six on the Beaufort Scale. The lowest temperature during the daytime will be eight degrees centigrade below zero. Language Pointslashed: a specific verb, meaning to strike with great force, e.g. Wa

49、ves lashed the cliffs.Gulf of Mexico: Most hurricanes in this area are formed over the Caribbean Sea and they move over the Gulf of Mexico to strike the Gulf States of the United States - Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, etc. Language Points5. It was certain . the Koshaks lived:pummel: to beat or hi

50、t with repeated blows.Gulfport: seaport in S. Miss., on the Gulf of MexicoMiss: abbreviation for Mississippi nGame-play: Test yourself and see how many abbreviations of US states you know.abbreviations of US states Map puzzleLanguage Points6. Trying to reason out the course of action: Trying to find

51、 out the best way to deal with the hurricane by logical thinking and argument, reason out: express logically by argumentLanguage PointsnReasons to stay:1. He is a self-employed businessman managing his own company, which is right at home.implication: How great the loss it would be if the house was d

52、estroyed.2. His present house was in a better condition than his former house.Language Points7. whose business was right there in his home: His business office, workshop, etc. were all in his home.Magna Products: name of the company owned and run by John Koshak Jr.engineering drawings: diagrams and

53、sketches for machines art work: designs, models, pictures for the various toys Language Pointsfirst floor: in U. S., the ground floor; in Europe and Great Britain, the floor above this8. Koshak had moved his family to a motel:motel: a blend word, formed by combiningparts of mo(torist) + (ho)tel, e.g

54、. brunch (breakfast + lunch) smog (smoke + fog)Language Points motel (motor+hotel) boatel (boat+hotel)chunnel (channel + tunnel) 运河地下道slurbs (slum + suburbs)slanguage (slang + language)nMake a list of blend words after class.Language Points9. Were elevated 23 feet: In British English one would proba

55、bly say “Were 23 feet above sea level.”10. were a good 250 yards from the sea: Were at least 250 yards distant from the sea.good: a general intensive, meaning at least, full, e.g. We waited a good six hours.Language Points11. we can batten down and ride it out: two metaphors, comparing the house in

56、a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.batten down: to fasten canvas over the hatches of a ship, especially in preparing for a stormride it out: to stay afloat during. a storm without too much damageLanguage

57、 Points12. The men methodically . hurricane: The men in the house made all the necessary preparations to fight the hurricane and they went about their work in a systematic and orderly manner.methodically: systematically and orderly 13. A power failure . for the lantern:power failure: a breakdown in

58、the supply of electricity check out: to examine Language Points14. gray clouds . on the rising wind: scudded in: driven inland by the windGulf: the Gulf of MexicoRising wind: wind that was getting stronger and stronger15. A neighbor . with the Koshaks:whose husband was in Vietnam: This was 1961. The

59、 husband of this neighbor was in the American army fighting in Vietnam. sit out the storm: to stay until the end of the stormLanguage PointsnQuestions (paras 1-6): 1. How many people were there in Koshaks family? Were there other people together with them? 2. Did they know hurricane was bad? How did

60、 they know that? 3. Was it the first time they met with hurricane? What happened to them then? 4. Why did John Koshak decide to stay and face the dangers of a devastating hurricane? 5. What does “Magna Products” stand for? 6. How did they prepare for the hurricane? 7. What kind of man is Koshak, Sr.