初中六种必须掌握时态(总复习)课件

1、 新 华 中 学1.一般现在时时 2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时4.现在进行时5.过去进行时6.现在完成时一般现在时 用法用法：经常或习惯性的动作经常或习惯性的动作 常用时间状语常用时间状语 ： usually,sometimes,in spring, every day,in the morning 动词构成动词构成 ：动词原型动词原型. work 动词动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成否定构成 ： dont+动原动原 doesnt+动原动原 一般疑问构成及简答一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语主语+动原动原+其它？其它？Yes,I do. Does+主语

2、主语+动原动原+其它？其它？No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问举例特殊疑问举例 ：What do you often do on Sundays? Where does he live? 注意注意： 客观真理、个性特征句中谓语也用一般现在时客观真理、个性特征句中谓语也用一般现在时. ( ) 1 -_ they often _ these old men? -Yes, they_. A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are ( ) 2 They usually_TV in the eveni

3、ng. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 3The sun _ in the east and_ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set 练习练习CAC 现在进行时现在进行时 用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语常用时间状语 ：now,these days 动词构成动词构成 ： am/is/are+现在分词现在分词(-ing) am/

4、is/are working 否定构成否定构成 ： am/is/are+not+现在分词现在分词 一般疑问构成及简答：一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语主语+现现在分词在分词+ 其它？其它？Yes,I am(he is.) No,they arent 特殊疑问举例：特殊疑问举例：What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there? 注意：注意：go,come,leave,arrive,return,die等的进等的进 行时可表示即将要发生的动作行时可表示即将要发生的动作. ( ) 1 _ you _ your homework now

5、? A. Do; doing B. Are; doing C. Were; doing D. Does; do ( ) 2 _ your mother _ shopping at the moment? A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking ( ) 3 _ the children _ the radio? A. Is; listening B. Is; listening to C. Are; listening to D. Are; listening练习练习BBC定义：表示将要发生的动作或状态。定义：表示将要发生的

6、动作或状态。常用时间状语：常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成动词构成: 1,will/shall（第一人称）第一人称）+动原动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型动词原型3,am/is/are+ (位移动词位移动词) 现在分词现在分词will/shall not am/is/are not否定构成：否定构成：特殊疑问句举例特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow?备注：备注：在在if条件或条件或as soon as等时

7、间状语从句中用一般现在等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时时代替一般将来时(遵循遵循“主将从现主将从现”)。 ( ) 1. Look at the clouds. _. A. Its going to rain B. Itll be raining C. It will be rained D. If it rains ( ) 2.There_ two English films next week. A. is going to be B. are going to have C. will have D. are going to be( ) 3. There is going to

8、_ a volleyball match on our school playground. The match is going to_ at six this evening. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have练习练习ADB 用法：过去时间发生或过去经常性的动作用法：过去时间发生或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：常用时间状语：动词构成：动词过去时（动词构成：动词过去时（-ed） eg.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 否定构成否定构成：didnt+

9、动原动原 didnt work used not(didnt use) to work一般疑问构成及简答举例：一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语主语+动原动原+其它？其它？ eg.Where did you go just now? 特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例：What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 一般过去时一般过去时 ( ) 1 _ here and ask him about it yesterday? A. Did you come B. Would you not go C. You didnt co

10、me D. Arent you go ( ) 2 _ he _ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have ( ) 3 The students hardly studied the English language, _ they? A. did B. didnt C. were D. werent练习练习用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作的动作常用时间状语：常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that

11、time, at ten oclock yesterday或或when引导的从句引导的从句动词构成：动词构成： was/were+现在分词现在分词(-ing) 以以work为例：为例：was/were working否定构成：否定构成： was/were not+现在分词现在分词一般疑问构成及简答举例一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语主语+现在分词现在分词+其它？其它？ Yes,I was No,I wasnt特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例： What were you dong this time yesterday? Where was he standing when th

12、e teacher came in? ( ) 1 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday? A. Did; watch B. Are, watching C. Were; watching D. Do; watch ( ) 2 The scientist_ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday. A. was taking B. would take C. took D. was taken ( ) 3 What_ from nine to ten last night? A. did you do B. had you

13、 done C. have you done D. were you doing练习练习CAD用法用法: 1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作，、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作， 强调对现在的影响强调对现在的影响.2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：常用时间状语：already,just,never,before,recently,in the past few years,ever,so far,since+过去的点时过去的点时 间间,for+段时间段时间动词构成：动词构成：have/has+过去分词过去分词(-ed) have/has wo

14、rked否定构成：否定构成：have/has not+过去分词过去分词一般疑问构成：一般疑问构成： Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例：What have you done recently? How long has he lived in Beijing? 备注备注 (2)表示短暂时间动作的动词如 come, go, leave, finish, end, buy, sell, marry, die 等的完成时态不能与表示时间段的状语连用。但可改为其他表示相同意思的延续性动词或短语。 (3) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_

15、”, 说话时人已回到说话地点, 常与 once, twice, never, ever等时间状语连用。 “have/ has gone to + 地名”表示“_”,说话时人没在说话地点。 以上两种结构均不能跟时间段连用。 “have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。 去过某地去了某地 ( ) 1 _ you _ the novel that I lent you last week? A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Are; finished D. Do; finish ( ) 2 He _ in our scho

16、ol for 20 years and he _ here in 1977.A. has taught; came B. has taught; has comeC. taught; came D. has teached; has came 练习练习BASUM UP 1 六种动词时态结构对比常用的六种时态一般现在过去现在时：谓语动词用原形或单三形式过去时：谓语用动词的过去式将来时：谓语用will/shall(一人称)/be going to+动词原形进行时：谓语用am/is/are +动词现在分词完成时：谓语用have/has +动词的过去分词进行时：谓语用were/was +动词的现在分词

17、!回顾!英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则 2英语动词有五种基本形式及构成（学生口头完英语动词有五种基本形式及构成（学生口头完成）。成）。单三形式单三形式原形原形动词动词- ing形式（动名词）形式（动名词）动词过去形式动词过去形式动词过去分词形式动词过去分词形式（变化规则同过去式变化规则同过去式）单三形式变化规则单三形式变化规则（1）一般动词在词尾加）一般动词在词尾加- s, 在清辅音后读在清辅音后读 /s / ,在浊辅音或元在浊辅音或元音后读音后读 / z / ;在在t后读后读/ ts /, 在在d后读后读 / dz /。例如：。例如：help helps ，

18、swim swims （2）以字母）以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加结尾的动词加- es, 读读/ iz/ , 在在d后读后读/ dz/.以以o结尾的动词也加结尾的动词也加es，读，读/ z /。例如：。例如：guess guesses，teach teaches，go goes3）以辅音字母加）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变结尾的动词，先变y为为i，再加，再加-es，读，读/ z /。例如：例如：fly flies carry carries 注：注： be is have has 动词动词- ing形式的构成：形式的构成：（1） 一般在动词末尾加一般在动词末尾加-ing. 例

19、如例如:go going，ask asking（2）以不发音字母）以不发音字母e结尾的动词结尾的动词,先去掉先去掉e,再加再加-ing. 例如例如:write writing，close closing，take taking（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加-ing. 例如：例如：get getting，sit sitting，put putting，run running，begin beginning 规则动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成(不规则的熟记书后附表不规则的熟记书后附表)（1）一般在动词原形末尾加）一般在动词原形末尾加-ed.结尾是结尾是e 的动词直接加的动词直接加-d.例例如如:look looked，play played，live lived，hope hop