(完整版)Since和for的用法及区别

1、Since 和 for的用法及区别：一 ， since 的 四 种 用 法1， since + 过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、 ago. 1990 , last month , half past six I have been here since 1990. 1990 起，我一直在这儿。2， since+一段时间+agoI h a v e b ee n h e r e s i n c e f i v e m o n t h s a g o 。自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。3， since+ 从 句 GreatChanges have taken place since you

2、 left.自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。4， It is + 一段时间+since 从句I t i s t w o y e a r s s i n c e I b e c a m e a n E n g l i s h t e a c h e r. 我成为英语老师有两年了。二， Since 和 for区别1， Since + 时间点，具体时间“自从Ihave been in Beijing since 2010.、以来，从、以后”用来说明动作起始时间2， For + 时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续性动词。I have been in Beijing f

3、or one year。We have learnt English for about three years.I have been here for 3 days. ( 对)I have arrivedhere for 3 days. （误）三，延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, liv

4、e, stay 等。终止性动词也称 非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词 ，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。四、延续性动词的用法特征1. 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示段时间 的状语连用。表示 段时间的短语有： for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等I have learned English

5、since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。2. 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的 点时间 状语连用。如： It raind at eight yesterday morning .（误）rain 为 延 续性 动词，而 at eight 表示 点时间 ，前后显然矛盾。 如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作，可借助come begin get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为： It beganto rain at eight yesterday morning.(正 )又如：-When did you get to know Jack?-Two years ago.-Then

6、 you ve knowneach other for more than two years.-Thats right.五、终止性动词的用法特征1. 终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成， 因此可用于现在完成时。 如：The train has arrived. 火车到了。Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗？2. 终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语用(只限肯定式 )。如：（ 1) 他死了三年了。误：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for thre

7、e years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died.(2)他来这儿五天了。误：He has come here for five days.正：He has been here for five days.正：He came here five days ago.正：It is five days since he came here.正：Five days has passed since he came here.句中终止性动词转

8、换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leave be away, borrow keep, buy have, begin/start beon, die be dead, move to live in, finish be over, join be in/be a memberof, open sth. keep sth. open, fall ill be ill, get up be up, catch a cold have a cold。练习：用 since 和 for 填空1)_ two years 2) _ two years ago 3)

9、_ last month4)_ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. I ve knownmhi _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from th

10、e city _ about ten years.5. It s about ten years _ she left the city.2.短暂性转换延续性 arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2) I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA

11、 since _ _.3) I went home yesterday.I _ _ _ home for _ _.4) They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _. come/go back, return be back come/go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _. become be1) I became a teacher in 20

12、00.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _. close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours. get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fal

13、l asleep/get tot sleepbe asleepfinish/end be over marry 1) I got up two hours ago. be marriedI _ _ _ since _ _.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to s

14、leep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _. start/begin to do sth. do sth. begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not have buyhave put onwearcatc

15、h/get a cold have a cold get to knowknow1) They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3) I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _. have/has gone to have been in1) He has g

16、one to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days. join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league

17、 for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10 年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10）我入团2 年了。I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two year