外文翻译汽车安全系统技术研究分析

1、jingchu university of technology毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译译文题目 汽车安全系统技术研究分析 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级 09机制三班 姓 名 学 号 指导教师 机械工程学院【author】li zhi-bin,zhang hai-hong,su jian-liang,zhou tao,liu zhong-yang(school of mecharomics engineering and automation,shanghai university,shanghai 200072,china)automotive safety systems a

2、nd technology research and analysisabstract: auto parts of good and bad will directly affect the safety of the car, are directly related to the peoples life safety and security in wealth. this article mainly from the cars active safety technology and passive safety technology two aspects elaborated

3、the importance of car parts, and how to improve the safety of the car. key words: automobile, active safety technology, passive safety technology as traffic tools of the modernization and absolute number increase sharply, traffic accidents are also increasing. car accident has become severe global s

4、ocial issues. undoubtedly, advanced auto safety facilities are the driving safety indispensable safeguard. so, we should start, from technology to research and development of high performance, high safety car, also want to strengthen the regular inspection in cars, so timely maintenance investigatio

5、n, make cars often in good technical status, so as to improve the safety performance of the car. here we introduced active safety technology and automobile car passive safety technology. auto safety is according to the traffic accident happened before and after the classified. one is in a traffic ac

6、cident take safety measures, especially before immediately will produce risk condition, drivers manipulate the steering wheel avoid or emergency brake to avoid traffic accidents. in the car, drive in usually to ensure the basic manipulation stability, drivers on the surrounding environment and to en

7、sure the visual recognition sex drive the car itself, developed the basic performance ant-lock braking system (abs), prevent slippery drive system (asr), active suspension, power steering and four-wheel drive (4wd), four-wheel steering (4ws), lighting system, wiper, the rearview mirror, prevent from

8、 rear-end collision car alarm system and laser radar, etc. these security devices and technology, called active safety system, can also be called preventive security system. on the other hand, in order to reduce traffic accidents and company by personnel directly suffer degree, ensure company take s

9、taff and pedestrian safety, says the security for passive safety, can also be called conflict safety. when after the accident, in order to prevent disasters, including prevent the expansion of fire and make crew from traffic accident can extricate the security devices and systems, called prevent dis

10、aster expand security system. oneautomobile active security technology 1. abs braking system ant-lock braking system (braking system, lock do by abs computers as abs), hydraulic device, the wheel speed sensors, brake hydraulic pipeline and electrical wiring etc. their structures are shown below. abs

11、 tasseled for the car in various driving conditions braking performance and brake safety particularly important, especially is emergency braking, can make full use of the peak between tire and road surface adhesion properties, improve performance and reduce automobile fight sideslip braking distance

12、, give full play to the braking performance, but also increase the automobile braking process control. so as to reduce the possibility of car accidents. no installation abs car, if the driving force trample brake pedal, wheel will rapidly lower speed, and finally wheels stop turning, but body becaus

13、e of inertia remains forward sliding. this phenomenon was at the wheel and pavement occur between larger slip, appear this kind of situation, the car tires of automobile lateral spreads almost disappear, so poor force will appear the following phenomena: (1) steering stability fall: the steering whe

14、el is ineffective, vehicle tail manipulation of curl, serious when vehicle circles or appear folding phenomenon; (2) handling fall: manipulate the steering wheel and short of steering requirements; (3) braking distance extended: more than general braking distance. so, we can imagine to have installe

15、d abs system of the car safety is very important. 2the asr drive torque control system abs are used to prevent car braking process wheel lock, will wheel sliding rate control in ideal range, so as to shorten the braking distance, improve automobile braking direction stability and steering control, s

16、o as to improve the safety of the car. along with the increase of vehicle performance requirements, not only in braking process required to prevent wheel lock, and asked the driver to prevent drive roller skating turn in the process, making cars in the direction stability, driving process steering c

17、ontrol ability and acceleration performance, so are improved by the car drive torque steering system asr (accelerations regulation) slip. asr is the perfect complement and abs asr, but most alone is set with abs combined together, commonly used abs/asr says, called antiskid control system. asr is ma

18、inly used to prevent car in the beginning, accelerate the wheels, guarantee slip in the car accelerated rate and improve the stability in bad pavement drive attached conditions. it makes no difference speed in the car lock ice roads and muddy road started and to improve its capacity, also can preven

19、t high in speed by turning cars gliding pavement and rear lateral spreads phenomenon. anyhow, prevent the wheel because asr slip, can maximize the engine driving moment of cars had enough, ensure the longitudinal force, lateral force and manipulation of power, make cars in starting, steering and acc

20、elerate the process, in gliding and muddy road, in a mountain area downhill process can steadily driving, guarantees the safety, reducing tire wear and fuel consumption, and improves the car driving capability. 3vdc system abs/asr system successfully solves the brake and the car when driven directio

21、n stability problem, but cannot solve the vehicle steering stability problem driving direction. for example when steering road, inevitably by lateral and longitudinal force, only local surface can provide full lateral and longitudinal force, the pilot can control vehicles. if the ground adhesion abi

22、lity lower lateral, will damage cars driving ability predetermined direction. rainy days cars driving, often high-speed steering lateral sliding out, it is the ground because of insufficient lateral adhesion ability. to resolve the issue, and developed countries automobile industry recently in abs/a

23、sr system on the basis of the development of dynamic control system (into car dynamics control, the abbreviation vdc vehicle). the system of the car brake, driving, suspension, steering, engine and so on various main assembly control system in function, structure organic ground comprehensive togethe

24、r, can make cars in all kinds of bad working conditions, such as ice road pavement, commuting, river bend pavement and took evasive action moving line, braking and acceleration and the downhill for different conditions, such as bearing, different type pressure and different levels of type wear all h

25、ave good direction stability, to show the best driving performance. vdc applications, in braking, acceleration and steering aspects of drivers fully released request, is the car of active safety driving a new milestone. vdc of steering control system is mainly by driving for each wheel brake control

26、 and engine power output control to realize. for example, if the car turn left front wheel for steering the inadequate capacity tend to slip out of the corner, vdc system can measure imminent, just know lateral spreads left rear brake adopt appropriate measures. if at the same corner, because rear w

27、heel tend to slip out of favor of lateral overmuch, vdc system is proper braking to front-right wheel failure, maintain the stability of the vehicle driving. in extreme cases, vdc system can also take reduce engine to reduce the power output, and to reduce the speed of the demand side adhesion abili

28、ty to maintain the stability of the vehicle driving. adopt vdc system, automobile in folio pavement or corner of pavement braking distance still can further reduce. 4 ccs cars cruise control system auto cruise control system (cruiser control system, abbreviation for ccs) is can make automobile work

29、in engine favorable speed range, reduce drivers driving manipulate labor intensity, improve the driving comfort the automatic driving device. car cruising system (ccs) role is required by the driver: after a normally-closed switch, no speed on the accelerator pedal can automatically keep the speed,

30、make the vehicle with the fixed speed. using this device, when on the highway after a long time, the driver driving not have to control the accelerator pedal, reduce fatigue, while reducing unnecessary speed change, can reduce save fuel. auto cruise control system is the earliest development of the

31、automotive electronic control system. this system uses another speed sensor, will speed signal input engine control microcomputer, by microcomputer control vacuum system work. this system can make use of the server, speed control switch lever and brake pedal on vacuum lift switches etc, its function

32、 and basic system the same. in this system, electronic control device can accord change of driving resistance, automatic regulation engine throttle angle, make the speed constant. such not only reduce unnecessary speed change, which saves fuel, also reduced the drivers burden. the electronic cruise

33、control system which is shown in figure 2. two. automobile passive safety technology 1. seat belt car seat belt is a safety device, it can in car collision or sharp turn, make crew to keep its original position as possible without mobile and rotation, avoid collision with in-car hard parts caused da

34、mage. seat belts and airbags, as modern cars are safety devices, but the long history of the former, popularize the scope. the seemingly simple seat belt actually not simple. attention has been at the forefront of traffic safety, through the analysis of general motors after a car accident found: sea

35、t belt not only makes people protect the lives, can be in more than half of the accident to reduce or even eliminate drivers, motorists are the chance of injury. car collision or unexpected emergency braking force generated great inertia, will allow the driver and passenger and car windscreen, steer

36、ing wheel, seat, collision happened objects such as secondary to drive is caused extremely easily crew serious damage, even drive occupant seats or threw the apex, seat belts can will ride in the seat. bondage personnel when has the accident, which can effectively prevent the collision, and its buff

37、er role can absorbs a great deal of kinetic energy, reduce rides personnel extent of the injuries. fasten your seat belt airbags play our role is also an important condition. because the airbag to maximize role for the ride in the impact of the physical location, sitting instant action have extremel

38、y strict and the requirements. otherwise, the airbag started strong instantaneous wallops to head are fragile site, may cause serious damage, especially for children, this damage can be fatal. even the most ordinary three belts, try a can timely in crash that lived rides the bundle, ensure the upper

39、 part of a ride in the airbag fully extended range, make the airbag most effectively play efficacy. accordingly, must not because the car is equipped with airbags and feel carefree seat belt fastened, only to reduce or eliminate the traffic accident happen. 2. the airbag when the front collision hap

40、pened strong, because inertia, who rides the body forward fast moving, then seat belts and will try to pull rides on person the body, absorb some of the impact energy, while the airbag with the eyepiece trend inflatable and completely open; then the rides the upper body will sink to airbags, gas als

41、o began from the vent air uniform escaping, and absorbed most of the impact energy; subsequently, the ride back seat and return to the body. above the whole process is almost always happens in a flash, who rides the completely in passive situation, in this case, the passive rely on auxiliary occupan

42、t protection system is the only option. airbags development design is based on the protection on seat belt co., ltd; they cooperate with each other to ride the play the auxiliary protective effect. seat belt usage in under the condition of the crew, balloon help reduce chest, head and facial injurie

43、s in the seriousness of the collision. when car collision happened before, the first is the car to stop motion, car under the action of inertial force crews to go forward with the original speed still sport. not wearing a seatbelt crews will and steering dish, front windscreen together, so it can be

44、 severely hurt; wearing a seatbelt as car stop the crew can stop moving forward movement and gradually. if collision violent, crew forward movement of the seat belts, even faster in the complete stop before motion, still and in-car things together. if this fashion in steering the disk or within the

45、popup balloon inflated dash, it can protect the occupant reduce the possibility of car together with things, more uniform dispersion head, chest, absorb the impact energy of movement, thus crew has added effect of seat belts. in addition to seat belts and airbags outside car passive safety technolog

46、y includes car bumper, automobile safety glass, security body, occupant head and neck protection system (whips), etc. these vehicles to improve the safety performance has very important contribution three. automobile active safety new technology 1. eye car skills eye car technology can make each dri

47、ver eyes in the same relative height, guarantee of pavement and the surrounding a six-lane unimpeded sight and best visibility. this technology can also offer a specific driving environment. eye car through the use of first-class motor mobile automatic will different figure drivers eyes tuned to the

48、 same height to solve the problem, meanwhile, visibility of steering dish, brake and accelerate pedals and floor and the central adjustment to constitute console to their respective driving conditions. meanwhile to the former pillar design, will it again from drivers sights removed. because the bus

49、driver received the most crucial information generally have 90% from outside, acquired through the eyes observe. so, this improvement for vehicle safety is of great significance. 2. cam car technology cam car technology aims to help improve the driver of perception. the technical features are: (1) i

50、nstalled in the car to camera system on both sides before to make drivers can bypass the large vehicle behind a car or see ahead of pedestrians. in a typical driving situation in the crowded traffic, the pilot of the centre-left cornering could more easily view the opposite of vehicles. (2) side aft

51、er buy video camera provides broader visual profile of vision. the camera coverage than traditional rearview mirror wants wide, especially for the adjacent driveway. (3) installed in a car, the four miniatures sectored form to decorate after a camera can obtain the car panoramic perspective. image v

52、ia electronic synthesis, has the zoom and 160 wide-angle ability. (4) night eye (night eye) camera can be in low illumination conditions, when the car is in reverse gear, even in a dark cases can also provide car close range after small images. four. automobile passive safety new technology 1. futur

53、e airbags (1) it cans inflatable screen system. this is a new safety design; its basic principle is to protect in-car occupants head, when that happens it will carry on the air, air after the tent shape is swelling. (2) tubular inflatable structure head air sac. this system for supplement current si

54、de protection system, still stopover in protecting the chest and abdomen, brachial ministry, to head protection were insufficient. it with rigid body structure, the door body protective just beams, side air sac, can form a complete side safe defend net, this will be the future security protection tr

55、end. (3) head support system. head support system generally called the headrest, vehicles which the headrest, with seats, not just for comfortable fact is more important to safety. vehicle if in an emergency brake, the body will have strong to and fro, because the principle of inertia occupant body

56、swinging, especially neck must follow. if no head support buffer headrest, neck injury caused by damage is very surprising. (4) the external airbags. 2. adaptive constraint technology system (arts) new adaptive constraint technology system (arts) use a series of sensors to monitor the driver seat, s

57、eat belt use, in front of the occupant take quality and location and intensity of the collision of the collisions and collision force direction, then according to the specific information such as the collision of each front airbag characteristics of the crew on regulated. the system can further redu

58、ce due to improper airbag for crew on the damage, especially for smaller front row figure crew. 3. automobile energy-absorbing direction column auto absorbing in automobile direction tubing through collisions of redistribution to steering wheel wallop, would wallop path to deliver shunt quickly, making the minimum of load on the steering wheel. the steering column by hollow tubes and steering bearings form. traditional hollow tubes and the steering column steering bearings is integral, steering shaft top and steering connections, the connecting with direction below. and suck ca