八年级下册 Units 7、8

1、八年级下册Units 7、8 The world is in danger. At one time there were 1, 300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland, but now only 860 remain. The others have been destroyed by man. We are changing the earth, the air, the water and everything that grows and lives. We cant live without these things. I

2、f we continue doing like this, we will destroy ourselves. What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask, “What must we do now? ”The people who will be living in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conservation is necessary. Many are helping to

3、save our world. They plant trees and protect animals in forest. In a small town in the United States, a large group of volunteers cleaned the banks of their rivers. Young People may hear about conversation through a record called No Ones Going to Change Our World. It was made by the Beetles, Cliff R

4、ichard and other singers. The money from it will help to protect wild animals. 【日积月累】【日积月累】单词单词: remain v. 剩余剩余conservation n. (对自然环境的对自然环境的)保护保护演练演练: 试译试译: We are changing the earth, the air, the water and everything that grows and lives. _Perhaps it is more important to ask, “What must we do now?

5、”_答案答案: 我们正在改变着地球、空气、水以及生存和生长中的每个我们正在改变着地球、空气、水以及生存和生长中的每个事物。事物。也许更重要的是要问也许更重要的是要问“现在我们必须做什么现在我们必须做什么? ”。. 核心速记核心速记1. _adv. 或许或许; 大概大概2. _ n. 公众公众3. _ adj. 特别的特别的; 特殊的特殊的; 专门的专门的4. _ v. 选择选择5. _ v. 提及提及; 说起说起perhapspublicspecialchoosemention. 联想串记联想串记1. annoy (v. )_(adj. )恼怒的恼怒的; 生气的生气的 _(adj. )使讨厌的

6、使讨厌的; 使恼人的使恼人的2. polite (adj. )_(反义词反义词)无礼的无礼的; 粗鲁的粗鲁的 _(adv. )有礼貌地有礼貌地; 客气地客气地; 斯文地斯文地3. behave (v. )_(n. )行为行为; 举止举止; 表现表现4. comfortable (adj. )_(反义词反义词)不舒服的不舒服的5. care (v. )_(adj. )小心的小心的; 谨慎的谨慎的 _(反义词反义词)不小心的不小心的; 不细心的不细心的annoyedannoyingimpolitepolitelybehavioruncomfortablecarefulcareless6. pers

7、on(n. )_(adj. )私人的私人的; 个人的个人的7. mouse(n. )_(pl. )老鼠老鼠8. advantage(n. )_(反义词反义词)不利条件不利条件; 缺点缺点9. child(n. )_(pl. )孩子们孩子们10. sleep(v. )_(adj. )睡着的睡着的 _(adj. )困倦的困倦的11. win(v. )_(n. )胜利者胜利者12. suggest(v. )_(n. )建议建议personalmicedisadvantagechildrenasleepsleepywinnersuggestion. 语境妙记语境妙记1. 这瓶橘子汁已经开了这瓶橘子汁已

8、经开了, 不用再开那一瓶了。不用再开那一瓶了。(open)The bottle of orange is _, dont _ that one. 2. 目前目前, 赠送礼物在青少年中很流行。赠送礼物在青少年中很流行。(present)At _, giving _ is popular among the teenagers. openopenpresentpresent1. 把把调低调低; 关小关小turn _2. 控制控制; 抑制抑制 keep. . . _3. 在公共场所在公共场所 in _4. 扑灭扑灭; 熄灭熄灭(火火); 关灯关灯 put _5. 捡起捡起 _ updowndownp

9、ublicoutpick6. 入睡入睡 fall _7. 赠送赠送; 分发分发 give _8. 取得进步取得进步; 取得进展取得进展 make _9. 听说听说 hear _10. 对对感兴趣感兴趣 take an _in11. right away _12. take care _13. make friends with _asleepawayprogressofinterest立刻立刻; 马上马上当心当心; 小心小心与与交朋友交朋友1. 你介意把音乐你介意把音乐(音量音量)调低些吗调低些吗? _ _ _ _ _ the music? 2. 请把餐具洗一洗好吗请把餐具洗一洗好吗? _ _

10、 _ wash the dishes? 3. 在公共场所最好把声音控制一下。在公共场所最好把声音控制一下。. . . , _ _ _ _ keep your voice down in public. 4. 为什么不给她为什么不给她(买买)一条围巾呢一条围巾呢? _ _ _ get her a scarf? 5. 你收到过的最好的礼物是什么你收到过的最好的礼物是什么? Whats the best gift _ _ _ _? Would you mind turning downCould you pleaseit is better toWhy dont youyou have ever r

11、eceived1. will表示意图、打算的用法表示意图、打算的用法2. could表示礼貌请求的用法表示礼貌请求的用法1. There are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. 有些地方不允许大声喧哗。有些地方不允许大声喧哗。allow v. 允许允许; 准许准许【自主探究】【自主探究】Does your teacher allow(read) magazines in class after you finish your homework? Ginas parents are strict with her and the

12、y dont allow her(stay) out late. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should(allow) to go to the Internet bar. 答案答案: readingto staybe allowed【考点归纳】【考点归纳】allow的三种用法的三种用法(1)allow后接名词或动名词作宾语后接名词或动名词作宾语, 即即allow doing sth. 允许做允许做某事。某事。(2)allow后接不定式作宾语补足语后接不定式作宾语补足语, 即即allow sb. to do sth. 允许允许某人做某事。某人做某事。(3)b

13、e(not)allowed to do sth. (不不)被允许做某事被允许做某事, allow用于被动用于被动语态。语态。【真题链接】【真题链接】(2012咸宁中考咸宁中考)Drivers shouldnt be allowedafter drinking, or they will break the law. A. driveB. drivingC. to drive D. to be driven2. In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public. 其实我们也应该注意不要在公共场合大声

14、咳嗽和打喷嚏。其实我们也应该注意不要在公共场合大声咳嗽和打喷嚏。take care 当心当心; 小心小心【自主探究】【自主探究】Take care! You nearly knocked me down. (改为同义句改为同义句) ! You nearly knocked me down. = ! You nearly knocked me down. 我们应该注意不要在公共场所大声喧哗。我们应该注意不要在公共场所大声喧哗。We should speak loudly in public. Please look after my pet dog when Im away. (改为同义句改为同

15、义句)Please my pet dog when Im away. 答案答案: Look out; Be carefultake care not totake care of【考点归纳】【考点归纳】take care四考点四考点(1)take care意为意为“小心小心; 当心当心”, 多用于对可能出现的不测作多用于对可能出现的不测作出预先的提醒或警告出预先的提醒或警告, 常用于句首常用于句首, 单独成句单独成句, 其同义短语为其同义短语为: look out/be careful。(2)take care后面可以用动词不定式构成后面可以用动词不定式构成: take care to do

16、sth. “当心做某事当心做某事”; 否定式为否定式为: take care not to do sth. “当心不要当心不要做某事做某事”。(3)take care后还可以接后还可以接that从句。从句。(4)take care of表示表示“照顾照顾; 照料照料”, 其同义短语为其同义短语为: look after。【真题链接】【真题链接】(2013广州中考广州中考)Thanks for your invitation, but Im so sorry I cant go. I need tomy baby at home. A. take away B. take offC. take

17、care of D. take out of3. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. 在美国在美国, 一些人不让他们的家人和朋友买礼物一些人不让他们的家人和朋友买礼物, 而是请他们把而是请他们把钱捐给慈善机构。钱捐给慈善机构。rather than而不是而不是【自主探究】【自主探究】Would you like a cup of coffee? Sorry, Ill have a cold drink (而不是而不是

18、)a coffee. 答案答案: rather than【考点归纳】【考点归纳】rather than的三种搭配的三种搭配(1)rather than作连词词组作连词词组, 表示在两者之间进行选择表示在两者之间进行选择, 意为意为“而不是而不是; 与其与其不如不如”, 所连接的并列成分可以是所连接的并列成分可以是名词、动词、代词或介词短语等。名词、动词、代词或介词短语等。(2)rather than也可以与也可以与would连用连用, 构成构成“would rather. . . than. . . ”句式句式, 意思是意思是“宁愿宁愿而不愿而不愿”, 表示主观愿望表示主观愿望, 即在两者之中

19、选择其一。即在两者之中选择其一。(3)prefer to do rather than do宁愿做宁愿做而不愿做。而不愿做。【真题链接】【真题链接】(2013随州中考随州中考)Lets play football on the playground. Its so hot outside. I would ratherat home thanout. A. to stay; go B. staying; goingC. stay; to go D. stay; go1. I get annoyed when someone talks to me while Im reading. 我在看书时

20、有人和我说话我很恼火。我在看书时有人和我说话我很恼火。annoyed adj. 使恼怒的使恼怒的; 使生气的使生气的【自主探究】【自主探究】My brother(annoy) me if I break his pen. 当烦心事发生时人们通常做什么当烦心事发生时人们通常做什么? What do people usually do whenthings happen? 答案答案: will annoyannoyingMy mother got very annoyed with me about my carelessness. (改为同义句改为同义句)My mothervery me abo

21、ut my carelessness. 答案答案: was; angry with【考点归纳】【考点归纳】annoy/annoyed/annoying的用法辨析的用法辨析annoy作动词作动词, 意为意为“使使生气生气; 使使烦恼烦恼”, 后面后面常接人作宾语常接人作宾语annoyed作形容词作形容词, 意为意为“生气的生气的, 恼怒的恼怒的”, 常用短语常用短语: be/get annoyed with sb. 相当于相当于be angry with sb. 生某人的气生某人的气; be/get annoyed at/ for/about sth. 意意为为“因某事而生气因某事而生气”, 相

22、当于相当于be angry at sth. annoying作形容词作形容词, 意为意为“令人恼怒的令人恼怒的, 令人生气的令人生气的”, 修修饰说明物饰说明物2. Later, the same gift may be given away to someone else. 之后之后, 这份相同的礼物可能会被送给其他人。这份相同的礼物可能会被送给其他人。give away赠送赠送; 分发分发【自主探究】【自主探究】如果我有一百万美元如果我有一百万美元, 我要捐给慈善机构。我要捐给慈善机构。If I had one million dollars, Id to charity. 选词填空选词填

23、空Many peoplea lot of money to the people after the earthquake. (gave out/gave away/gave up)答案答案: give it awaygave away【考点归纳】【考点归纳】give相关短语相关短语【真题链接】【真题链接】(2012黔东南州中考黔东南州中考)My father must stop smoking, because the doctor says he is in bad health. A. give up B. give inC. give away D. give out3. The mo

24、vie was boring. I fell asleep half way through it. 电影很无聊。我看到一半就睡着了。电影很无聊。我看到一半就睡着了。asleep adj. 睡着的睡着的【自主探究】【自主探究】用用asleep/sleepy/sleeping填空填空I dont know why I couldnt falllast night. Imand Id like to go to bed early. They woke up thegirl and asked her where her parents were. 答案答案: asleepsleepysleepi

25、ng【考点归纳】【考点归纳】asleep/sleepy/sleeping用法辨析用法辨析asleep意为意为“睡着的睡着的”, 在句中作表语或宾语补足在句中作表语或宾语补足语语, 但不能作定语但不能作定语sleepy意为意为“困倦的困倦的; 欲睡的欲睡的”, 在句中可作表语、在句中可作表语、定语、宾语补足语定语、宾语补足语sleeping意为意为“睡眠中的睡眠中的”, 在句中作表语、定语在句中作表语、定语辨异辨异: Although I slept eight hours last night, I still feel sleepy. Im afraid Ill fall asleep in

26、 a while. 尽管昨晚我睡了八个小时尽管昨晚我睡了八个小时, 但我仍然感到困倦但我仍然感到困倦, 恐怕一会儿恐怕一会儿我又睡着了。我又睡着了。【真题链接】【真题链接】(2011盐城中考盐城中考)My mother was so tired that she fell awhen watching TV. 答案答案: asleep4. Instead, making a meal is enough. 相反相反, 一顿饭足矣。一顿饭足矣。instead adv. 代替代替; 而不是而不是【自主探究】【自主探究】用用instead/instead of填空填空We are free this

27、 afternoon. Lets go to play computer games. Well, I think wed better watch an English program. They plan to go fishing swimming this weekend. 答案答案: insteadinstead of【考点归纳】【考点归纳】instead与与instead of辨析辨析instead副词副词可单独用于句首或句末可单独用于句首或句末, 位于句首时位于句首时, 后用逗号与句子隔开后用逗号与句子隔开; 顺接句子表顺接句子表示示“代替代替”, 转折句子表示转折句子表示“然而

28、然而”instead of介词短语介词短语意为意为: 代替代替; 而不是而不是, 后接后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语名词、代词或动名词作宾语; 其同其同义词组是义词组是rather than, 但但rather than后一般跟动词原形后一般跟动词原形【真题链接】【真题链接】(2012淮安中考淮安中考)迈克迈克, 你要多做户外运动而不是整天在网上聊你要多做户外运动而不是整天在网上聊天。天。Mike, you should do more outdoor activities _all day. 答案答案: instead of chatting online. 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词根据句意

29、及汉语提示完成单词1. It is(礼貌的礼貌的)to wait in line. 2. The bottle was full yesterday but now its empty. (也许也许)Tom has drunk all the juice in it. 3. The baby had fallen(睡着的睡着的)when his mother came back from work. 答案答案: 1. polite2. Perhaps3. asleep4. As we know, (吸烟吸烟)is a bad habit and its not good for our hea

30、lth. 5. Would you mind repeating your suggestions? I didnt hear it(清楚地清楚地). 答案答案: 4. smoking5. clearly. 完成句子完成句子1. 你的椅子下面有张纸。你能帮我把它捡起来吗你的椅子下面有张纸。你能帮我把它捡起来吗? Theres a piece of paper under your chair. Could you help meit? 2. 消防员用了近两个小时的时间才把火扑灭了。消防员用了近两个小时的时间才把火扑灭了。The firemen spent nearly two hours th

31、e fire. 答案答案: : 1. pick; up2. putting out3. 很多人以前没有听说过这位科学家。很多人以前没有听说过这位科学家。Many people havent the scientist before. 4. 在公共场所不要大声说话。在公共场所不要大声说话。Dont talk loudly . 5. 她宁死不屈。她宁死不屈。She would die give in. 答案答案: : 3. heard of4. in public 5. rather than. 单项选择单项选择1. Would you mind my turning on the TV?. I

32、want to watch the weather report.A. Of course B. Not at allC. Thats all right D. Youre welcome【解析】【解析】选选B。考查情景交际。由答语。考查情景交际。由答语“我想看天气预报。我想看天气预报。”可知应用表示不介意的答语可知应用表示不介意的答语, 故用故用Not at all。2. The girlall her pocket money to the people in the Southwest for the serious drought(旱灾旱灾).What a good girl!A. t

33、ook away B. gave upC. gave away D. put away【解析】【解析】选选C。考查固定搭配。考查固定搭配。take away带走带走, 拿走拿走; give up放弃放弃; give away赠送赠送; 分发分发; put away把把收起来。前句句收起来。前句句意意: 这个女孩把她的所有的零用钱都捐给了西南严重干旱地区这个女孩把她的所有的零用钱都捐给了西南严重干旱地区的人们。的人们。3. Miss White doesnt like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks.A. insteadB

34、. eitherC. too D. instead of【解析】【解析】选选A。考查副词及近义词辨析。考查副词及近义词辨析。instead代替代替, 反而反而, 可可用在句首用在句首, 也可用在句尾也可用在句尾; either“也也”常用在否定句句末常用在否定句句末; too“也也”, 常用在肯定句句末常用在肯定句句末; instead of代替代替, 后跟宾语。故选后跟宾语。故选A。4. Why do many people like Song Zuyings songs?Because they think she has a really sweet.A. voiceB. soundC.

35、 noiseD. throat【解析】【解析】选选A。考查名词词义辨析。考查名词词义辨析。voice指人发出的声音指人发出的声音, 如如说话声、唱歌声说话声、唱歌声; noise指不悦耳的声音指不悦耳的声音, 如噪音、杂音、吵闹如噪音、杂音、吵闹声等声等; sound泛指一切可听到的声音泛指一切可听到的声音; throat咽喉。句意咽喉。句意: 为什么许多人喜欢宋祖英的歌曲为什么许多人喜欢宋祖英的歌曲? 因为他们认为她有甜美因为他们认为她有甜美的嗓音。故选的嗓音。故选A项。项。5. Parents dontme to stay out late on school nights.A. make

36、B. letC. allowD. refuse【解析】【解析】选选C。考查固定搭配。考查固定搭配。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人允许某人去做某事。去做某事。1. (2013青岛中考青岛中考)How much is the ticket to Central Park?A one-way ticket$40, and you cananother $20 for a round-trip.A. costs; pay B. cost; spendC. pay; spend D. spends; pay【解析】【解析】选选A。考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。cost花费花费, 物作主

37、语物作主语; spend花花费费, 人作主语人作主语; pay for付款付款, 人作主语人作主语, 所以选所以选A项。项。2. (2013台州中考台州中考)Would you mindthe music a little? Dont you think its too loud?Sorry! Ill do it in a minute.A. turning on B. turning offC. turning up D. turning down【解析】【解析】选选D。考查动词短语辨析。考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开打开; turn off关关上上; turn up开大开大; tur

38、n down关小关小, 由问句句意由问句句意: “你介意将音乐你介意将音乐关小一点吗关小一点吗? 难道你不认为声音太大了吗难道你不认为声音太大了吗? ”可知可知D项符合句意。项符合句意。3. (2013德州中考德州中考), the Internet was only used by the government. But now its widely used in every field.A. As usualB. At firstC. After allD. So far【解析】【解析】选选B。考查短语辨析。原题后句意思是。考查短语辨析。原题后句意思是“但是现在互但是现在互联网被广泛地应用

39、于每个领域联网被广泛地应用于每个领域”, 就暗示着前句应该是在过去就暗示着前句应该是在过去刚开始时它只被政府使用。刚开始时它只被政府使用。as usual和平常一样和平常一样; at first起初起初, 刚开始时刚开始时; after all毕竟毕竟, 到底到底; so far到目前为止。到目前为止。4. (2013凉山中考凉山中考)Theinstructions in this unit are helpful for us. They explainhow to make a banana milk shake.OK, Ill make it.A. clear; clearlyB. cl

40、early; clearly C. clearly; clear【解析】【解析】选选A。考查形容词和副词的用法。形容词修饰名词。考查形容词和副词的用法。形容词修饰名词, 副词修饰实义动词。上句句意副词修饰实义动词。上句句意: 这个单元清晰的说明对我们有这个单元清晰的说明对我们有帮助帮助, 它们清楚地解释了怎样制作香蕉奶昔。它们清楚地解释了怎样制作香蕉奶昔。5. (2013咸宁中考咸宁中考)The fire was finallyin Jilin Province on June 3. Unfortunately, 119 people lost their lives.I hope the a

41、ccident like this wont happen again.A. put downB. put awayC. put outD. put up【解析】【解析】选选C。考查短语辨析。考查短语辨析。put down放下放下; put away收起收起; put out扑灭扑灭; put up张贴。由句意张贴。由句意“六月三日六月三日, 在吉林省发生在吉林省发生的大火最终被扑灭了的大火最终被扑灭了”可知可知C项正确。项正确。如何写谈论变化的话题作文如何写谈论变化的话题作文 谈论生活、学习或家乡等的变化是近几年中考写作中常谈论生活、学习或家乡等的变化是近几年中考写作中常涉及的话题涉及的话题

42、, 本话题的命题形式是要求考生根据文字提示、表本话题的命题形式是要求考生根据文字提示、表格提示和图片提示等归纳、整理格提示和图片提示等归纳、整理, 写出条理清晰的短文。写作写出条理清晰的短文。写作时要注意以下几个方面时要注意以下几个方面: 1. 要注意文章的时态涉及一般现在时和一般过去时。要注意文章的时态涉及一般现在时和一般过去时。 2. 要根据要点提示进行写作要根据要点提示进行写作, 不要遗漏知识点。不要遗漏知识点。 3. 要注意写作时顺序得当要注意写作时顺序得当, 主次分明。主次分明。 高分句型高分句型: 1. Great changes have taken place in. . .

43、发生了很大发生了很大的变化。的变化。 2. Find out the ways of. . . 找出找出的方法。的方法。 3. In a word, now we are the owners of. . . 总而言之总而言之, 现在现在我们是我们是的主人。的主人。【典题示例】【典题示例】(2012烟台中考烟台中考) 假如你们学校正在开展研究性学习假如你们学校正在开展研究性学习(exploring learning strategies), 请你根据下表提供的信息请你根据下表提供的信息, 写一篇短文写一篇短文, 让更多的学生了解你校开展研究让更多的学生了解你校开展研究性学习的一些情况。性学习的

44、一些情况。 注意注意: 1. 短文应包括表格提示的所有内容短文应包括表格提示的所有内容, 可适当发挥可适当发挥; 2. 词数词数: 100个左右。开头已给出个左右。开头已给出, 但不计入总词数。但不计入总词数。过去过去现在现在课课堂堂老师讲解知识点老师讲解知识点, 学生学生听讲听讲, 记笔记记笔记, 没有足够没有足够的时间独立思考问题的时间独立思考问题老师提出问题老师提出问题, 学生相互讨学生相互讨论论, 并学会与他人合作并学会与他人合作, 从从而找出解决问题的方法而找出解决问题的方法课课后后做大量的作业做大量的作业丰富多彩的课外活动丰富多彩的课外活动, 如读如读自己喜欢的书自己喜欢的书, 去图书馆或去图书馆或上网查资料等上网查资料等个人个人感受感受 Great changes have taken place in our studies since our school began to carry on exploring learning strategies._【思路点拨】【思路点拨】 审题