高考英语短文改错题之名词和代词历年真题考点解析

1、近十年高考英语全国卷短文改近十年高考英语全国卷短文改 错题名词考点分类汇总错题名词考点分类汇总 01可可数名词数名词 该用该用复数形复数形式式 误用为单数误用为单数 1. (2019全国卷)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for football. 答案与解析：playerplayers。all修饰可数名词复数。 2.(2019全国卷II)Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like

2、 to do. 答案与解析：jobjobs。different修饰可数名词复数。 3.(2019全国卷)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. 答案与解析：citycities。many修饰可数名词复数。 4.(2018全国卷)Last winter when I went there again,they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. 答案与解析：chickenchickens。dozens of（许多）修饰可 数名词复数，这里chicken是可

3、数名词，意思是“小鸡”。 5.(2018全国卷II)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. 答案与解析：sortsorts。all修饰可数名词复数。 6.(2018全国卷)At that moment I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” 答案与解

4、析：mistakemistakes。learning from textbooks,and mistakes as well“从课本中学习，也从错误中学 习”，textbooks和mistakes都用复数名词表示类别。 7.(2017全国卷)This instructor kept repeating the word “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!” 答案与解析：wordwords。用复数形式words与后 面的“Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”是 同位关系。 8.(2016全国卷)The teenage ye

5、ar from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 答案与解析：yearyears。from 13 to 19的年龄 当然是复数。 9.(2015全国卷)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. 答案与解析：parentparents。从下文After looking at the toy for sometime, he turned around and found that his parents were missing.以及Five minut

6、es later, Tom saw his parents.可 以看出Tony是和父母一起去购物中心的,故用parents。 10.(2014全国卷)Since then, for all these yearwe have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. 答案与解析：yearyears。all和these都修饰可数名词的复数。 11.(2014全国卷) For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hou

7、r everyday. 答案与解析：hourhours。one and a half后跟可数名词复 数。one and a half hours=one/an hour and a half一个半 小时。 12.(2013全国卷) He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years. 答案与解析：shouldershoulders。一个人有两个肩膀，故用 shoulders。 13.(2013全国卷)When tea got popular in Britain,

8、there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. 答案与解析：答案与解析：cupcups。由后面的。由后面的handles可知此处可知此处 用复数形式用复数形式cups泛指类别。泛指类别。 14.(2012全国卷)From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. 答案与解析：答案与解析：toytoys。each of后跟可数名词的复数。后跟可数名词的复数。 15.(2012全国卷) W

9、e, as well as animal, cannot live without water and neither agriculture nor industry can go without it. 答案与解析：animalanimals。用复数名词泛指类别。 16.(2011全国卷) My brother was so fond of the museum there that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day. 答案与解析：daydays。a/another couple of后跟可 数名词的复数。 17.(201

10、0全国卷) Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 答案与解析：friendfriends。one of后跟可数名词复 数。 18.(2010全国卷) Thank to her help, I made great progress in my study. 答案与解析：ThankThanks。thanks to（多亏了）， 是固定搭配。 1. (2017全国卷II)Besides, They often get some useful informations from the Internet. 答案与解析：informatio

11、rmation是不可数 名词，无复数形式。 2.(2016全国卷II)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 答案与解析：knowledgesknowledge。knowledge是不可数名词， 无复数形式。 3.(2015全国卷)The airs we breathe in is getting drier and drier. 答案与解析：airsair。air(空气）是不可数名词，无复数形式。 4.(

12、2011全国卷)I felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 答案与解析：luggagesluggage。luggage（行李）是不 可数名词，无复数形式。 5.(2010全国卷)He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 答案与解析：advicesadvice。advice（建议）是不可数 名词，无复数形式。 该用普通格时，误用了所有格，该用该用普通格时，误用了所有格，该用 所有格时，却误用了普通格。所有

13、格时，却误用了普通格。 (2018全国卷II) 1.When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night. 答案与解析： FridaysFriday。表示时间的名词可直接做定语。 2.(2011全国卷) When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. 答案与解析：friendfriends。my friends我朋友的家。 1. (2019全国卷)To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net.

14、答案与解析：surprisingsurprise。to ones+名词（表示情感），意为“使某 人的是”。surprising adj. 令人惊奇的；surprise n. 吃惊，惊奇（喜）。 2. (2016全国卷)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. 答案与解析：honesthonesty。句意“我叔叔告诉我说成功的关键是诚实。这 个句子中要用名词作表语，说明主语是什么。honest adj. 诚实的；honesty n. 诚实。 3.(2013全国卷)This made for the grow in the p

15、orcelain industry. 答案与解析：growgrowth。作介词for的宾语，并且前面有定冠词，因此这 里应该用名词growth。 高考英语短文改错名词错误主要是可数名词的复数误用为单数，不 可数名词误用为复数形式，也有个别时候把形容词或动词误用为名 词的。 名词部分关于可数名词的常考点是： these, those, some,any, many, several, different, both, all, lots of, dozens of, scores of, few, a few, quite a few, a pair of, a couple of, each/

16、one/some/ many of, one and a half等后面必须跟可数名词的复数。常见的复数名词有：looks “外 貌”， goods “货物”， thanks “感谢”， wishes/regards “祝 愿“， congratulations “祝贺”， clothes “衣服”。 下列固定搭配中常用复数可数名词：at times “偶尔”， be on good terms with sb. “与某人关系好”，in high spirits “情绪 高涨”，in words “口头上”， make arrangements“安排”， make repairs “修理”，m

17、ake friends with sb. “与某人交朋友 “，make preparations for “为做准备”， shake hands with sb. “与某人握手”， take turns to do sth. “轮流做某事”， thanks to “多亏了”，Thanks a lot. “多谢”。 常考的不可数名词人称“雷打不动十大金刚”： advice, news, information, progress, work, fun, weather, music, health, luck。 可以直接作定语的名词： 1. 泛指的时间名词，如evening dress, sum

18、mer holiday, morning paper等。 2. 地点名词， 如country music, village people, street lights 等。3. 材料名词， 如paper money, gold medal, silk clothes 等。 4. 分类名词， 如girl friend, boy friend, book store, fruit trees, food factory等。 5. 表示整体与部分之间关系的名词，如school gate，cabbage seeds等。 要明确名词的语法功能，即什么时候要用名词：在限定词后、形容 词后、及物动词或介词后

19、要使用名词。弄清名词作表语和形容词作 表语的区别：名词作表语表示主语是什么，即内容；形容词作表语 表示主语怎么样，即性质特征。 近十年高考英语短文改错题代词考点分类近十年高考英语短文改错题代词考点分类 汇总汇总 1. (2018全国卷II)They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I was unwilling to play the games with them sometimes. 答案与解析：usme。结合上下文应该是他们对“我” 说。 2.(2012全国卷)I was happy w

20、hen the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it. 答案与解析：itthem。这里代指toys，故用them。 3.(2012全国卷)Many countries in the world find we dont have enough water. 答案与解析：wethey。这里代指many countries， 故用they。 4.(2011全国卷)Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us f

21、or the wonderful meals. 答案与解析：themus。句意为“多谢你领 我们参观了你们城市，并为我们提供美餐”， 故用us。 5.(2010全国卷)Before her leaving, I prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. 答案与解析：himher。代词指代要一致， 句意为“在她离开前，我为她准备了礼物，向 她表达美好的祝愿”。 1. (2017全国卷)This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days

22、. 答案与解析：yourmy。本句的错误是代词指 代不一致，句意为“这幅画常常使我回想起高中 的快乐”。 2.(2016全国卷)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steadily. 答案与解析：ourhis。本句的错误是代词指代 不一致，句意为“叔叔说他从没梦想暴富，而是 希望他的生意稳步发展”。 3.(2016全国卷II)If we go on a trip abroad, we

23、 can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. 答案与解析：yourour。本句的错误是代词 指代不一致，句意为“如果我们能到国外旅行， 我们就能开阔视野，得到在书本上学不到的东 西”。 4.(2015全国卷)We must find ways to protect your environment. 答案与解析：yourour。本句的错误是代词 指代不一致，句意为“我们必须找到保护环境的 办法”，这里指保护我们的环境。 1. (2019全国卷)In the cafe, customers will enj

24、oy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them. 答案与解析：yourselfthemselves。 customers是第三人称复数，故反身代词 用themselves。 2.(2018全国卷)I had done myself homework, but I was shy. 答案与解析：myselfmy。此处应该用形 容词性的物主代词作定语，修饰 homework。 3.(2016全国卷)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make dec

25、isions by yourself. 答案与解析：yourselfmyself。此句中反身代词 时强调主语本人，主语是第一人称单数I，故用 myself。 4.(2013全国卷)He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, and he was strong and powerful. 答案与解析：himselfhim。本句中which代指先 行词voice，在定语从句中作主语，set的宾语是 him，不能用反身代词。 1. (2018全国卷)The first time I went

26、there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks and another animals. 答案与解析：anotherother。与dogs, ducks并 列的animals必须是复数，another不能修饰复数 名词，故改为other。 2.(2017全国卷II)Mr. And Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. 答案与解析：allboth。张先生和张太太是两个人， 表示两个都用both。 3.(2016全国卷II)It does not cost many, yet we can stil

27、l learn a lot. 答案与解析：manymuch。表示花费多，代指 不可数名词钱数，用much。 4.(2015全国卷)Much rare animals are dying out. 答案与解析：MuchMany。修饰可数名词的复数 animals，故用many。 5.(2014全国卷)The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. 答案与解析：muchmany。这里代指前面的复数名 词fruits，故用

28、many。 6.(2014全国卷)We dont need to do so many homework. 答案与解析：manymuch。修饰不可数名词 homework，故用much。 1. (2019全国卷)In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 答案与解析：whatthat/which。此处应该用关 系代词引导限制性定语从句从，关系代词在定语从句 中作主语。 2.(2017全国卷)Around me in the picture

29、 are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 答案与解析：theywhich/that。句意为“在这张 照片中，我周围都是当时对我来说非常重要的东西： 汽车杂志和乐器”。根据句意，先行词things后面跟 的是定语从句，应该用关系代词引导。 3.(2013全国卷)Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that migh

30、t not be served until 8 oclock at night. 答案与解析：thatwhich。非限制性定语从 句不能用that引导，故改为关系代词which。 4.(2012全国卷)But before long they began to see which was happening. 答案与解析：whichwhat。句意为“不久他 们就开始去看在发生什么事情”，未知的、无 范围的东西，一律用连接代词what来引导名 词性从句。 1. (2019全国卷II)They were two reasons for the decision. 答案与解析：TheyThere。表

31、示有没有， 要用存在句，也就是there be句型。 2.(2014全国卷)They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. 答案与解析：TheyThere。表示有没有， 要用存在句，也就是there be句型。 1.(2019全国卷I) From then on, I studied to play my football with classmates after school. 答案与解析：去掉my。play football踢足球， 是固定短语。 2.(2018全国卷III)I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. 答案与解析：删除that。这里是动词不定式短 语作系表结构的宾语，不需要连接词。 1. (2016全国卷)At last I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever meed help. 答案与解析：need前加I。whenever应到的状语从句 缺少主语，根据上下文可知“每当我需要帮助时，我仍 然希望有父母可以求助”，故在need前加I。 2.(2015全国卷)Fiv