新编英语教程5_unit1_教学课件

1、Hit the Nail on the Head Alan Warner I. Pre-reading Questions vHave you ever hit a nail into a box? Whats the correct way of doing it? vCan you see the connection between the proverb and our writing? Suggested Answers v Force the nail to the right place vIt means exactly right in words or action E.g

2、. : (1). Your criticism really hit the nail on the head. 你的批评确是一针见血。你的批评确是一针见血。 (2). In so saying, you hit the right nail on the head. 你你 这样说确是击中要害。这样说确是击中要害。 vThe author advises that the English students should try to get the words, phrases and sentences completely right for their purposes in their

3、 writing. II. Library Work 1. Gustave Flaubert (1821 1880), French novelist, was associated with the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of 19th-century France. He devoted his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and ac

4、curacy of observation, extreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste. 2. Mrs. Malaprop is a famous character in Sheridans comedy The Rivals (1775). She is noted for her blunders in the use of words. She has given us t

5、he word malapropism（as a name for such mistakes. 用词错误，尤指误用发 音相似而意义全非的词） i.e., the unintentional misuse of a word by confusing it with one that resembles it, such as human for humane, singularity for singleness. 3. Hindi（印地语）is a literary and official language of northern India. Swahili（斯瓦希里语）is a Ba

6、ntu（班图) language that is a trade and governmental language over much of East Africa and in the Congo region. Bantus are people belonging to a group of tribes found in equatorial and southern Africa. III. Organization of the Text v 1. An analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the imprope

7、r choice of words (Paragraph 1) v2. The significance of finding the right words (Paragraphs 2 - 3) v3. Semantic differences between words having the same root (Paragraphs 4 - 7) v(1). Example 1 (human vs. humane) (Paragraph 4) v(2). Example 2 (anxiety vs. eagerness) (Paragraph 5) v(3). Example 3 (si

8、ngularity vs. singleness) (Paragraphs 6 7) v4. Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations (Paragraph 8) vExamples: imprison, contain, sum up, epitomize and distill v5. Stylistic differences between synonyms (Paragraph 9) v6. The abundance of specific words in English for

9、 general notions (Paragraph 10) v7. Conclusion (Paragraph 11): the importance of a good control and command over known words (A good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the word that will hit the nail cleanly on the head. ) IV. Key Points of the Text 1

10、.drive something home: force (the nail) into the right place; make something unmistakably clear 把（钉把（钉 子等）打入；使明确无误子等）打入；使明确无误 vE.g. (1). He slammed the door and drove the bolt home. 他砰地关上门，把 门闩插好。 v(2). drive ones point home 讲清楚自己 的观点 v(4). 为了阐明他的政策，总统又写了第为了阐明他的政策，总统又写了第 二封信。二封信。 vTo drive home his

11、policy, the president wrote his second letter. v(5).你必须使约翰明白我们钱确实不够。你必须使约翰明白我们钱确实不够。 vYou must drive it home to John that we dont have enough money. v2.deft: skillful to forgive, divine. v犯错人皆难免；宽恕则属超凡。 vhuman killer: a person or a machine that kills humans v杀人凶手；杀人机器 vhumane: having or showing comp

12、assion or benevolence; characterized by kindness, mercy, sympathy vE.g.: humane action: merciful action v人道的行为 vhumane killer: that which kills but causes little pain; instrument for painless slaughter of animals v牲口无痛屠宰机，牲口麻醉屠宰机 vParagraph 6 5.rife: widespread, common（流行的，（流行的， 普遍的）普遍的）. an adj. st

13、h negative. vE.g.: (1). Crime and violence were rife in this city before liberation. v(2). Superstition is rife among the savage tribes. v迷信盛行于蛮族之间。 singularity vs. singleness: singularity: strangeness, oddity, peculiarity 奇特奇特, 特性特性, 非凡非凡 vE.g.: singularity of mind 思想奇特；标 新立异 singleness: complete d

14、evotion to; holding steadfastly to vE.g.: singleness of mind 思想专一, 专心 致志 vParagraph 7 vhold to: (cause to) follow exactly, keep to (sth such as a promise); adhere to坚持，遵守，忠于坚持，遵守，忠于 vE.g.: (1). Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision. v(2). The priest held to his beliefs in spite of crue

15、l treatment. v(3). He holds to a simple life. vdraw aside: (cause to) move to one side vE.g.: (1). Drawing the curtain aside, he looked down into the street. v(2). The crowd drew aside to let the prisoner pass. 6.coercion: pressure, compulsion; government by force 强迫，压制；高压统治强迫，压制；高压统治 vE.g.: the coe

16、rcion of public opinion v舆论的压力 vcoercion and bribery v威胁利诱 vHe paid the money under coercion. v他被迫付钱。 vcoerce sb into doing something vcoerce uniformity 强求一致 7.epitomize: be typical of; serve as the typical example of 代表，象征，代表，象征， 写写 的梗概的梗概 ， E.g.: (1). He was the man who epitomized black resistance

17、 to the colonial government. 他代表着黑人对殖民地政府 的反抗。 v(2). Her novel epitomized both the good and the evil in victorian。 vepitome n.: a thing or person that shows a quality or set of qualities 典型，象征；缩影典型，象征；缩影 v a short account of a book or speech 梗概；缩写，节录 vE.g.: (1). She is the epitome of arrogance. 她是傲慢

18、的典型。 v(2). My cat is the epitome of laziness (= My cat is very lazy.). vParagraph 10 vmarch: walk with firm regular steps like a soldier 齐步前进齐步前进, 行行 军军 vpace: walk with slow, steady steps, especially backwards and forwards 踱方步踱方步 vpatrol: go at regular times round (an area, building, etc.) to see t

19、hat there is no trouble, that no one is trying to get in or out illegally, etc. 巡逻，巡查巡逻，巡查 vstride: walk with long steps or cross with one long step 大踏步大踏步 地走，跨地走，跨 vstalk: walk stiffly, proudly, or with long steps 高视阔步地走高视阔步地走 vstrut: walk proudly or stiffly, especially with the chest pushed forwar

20、d and trying to look important 趾高气扬地走，大摇大摆趾高气扬地走，大摇大摆 地走地走 vtread: step on 踩踩, 践踏践踏 Paragraph 10 vtramp: walk (through or over) with firm heavy steps 用沉重的脚步行走用沉重的脚步行走 step out: (AmE) go outside or go somewhere (美口美口) 暂时走开暂时走开 vprance: move quickly, happily or proudly with a springing or dancing step

21、 欢跃地走欢跃地走 vprowl: (of an animal looking for food, or of a thief) move about (an area) quietly, trying not to be seen or heard 潜行，暗中徘徊潜行，暗中徘徊 vE.g.: beasts prowling after their prey 四处觅食的野兽四处觅食的野兽 Paragraph 10 vsidle: (up) walk as if ready to turn and go the other way, especially secretively or nervo

22、usly（尤指鬼鬼祟祟地或胆怯地）（尤指鬼鬼祟祟地或胆怯地） 悄悄地走悄悄地走 vE.g.: He sidled up to the stranger in the street and tried to sell him the stolen ring. 在街上，他鬼鬼祟祟地走到陌在街上，他鬼鬼祟祟地走到陌 生人面前企图向他兜售偷来的戒指。生人面前企图向他兜售偷来的戒指。 Paragraph 10 vcreep: move slowly and quietly with the body close to the ground 匍匐前进，爬行；匍匐前进，爬行； 蹑手蹑脚地走蹑手蹑脚地走 vE

23、.g.: The cat crept silently towards the mouse. 猫悄悄地向老鼠爬过去。猫悄悄地向老鼠爬过去。 v The policeman crept up on the criminal and seized him from behind. 警察偷偷逼近罪犯，从后面将他一把抓住。警察偷偷逼近罪犯，从后面将他一把抓住。 Paragraph 10 vplod: (especially along, on) walk slowly, especially with difficulty and great effort; trudge 沉重缓慢沉重缓慢 地走，步履

24、艰难地走，步履艰难 vE.g.: The old man plods along, hardly able to lift each foot. 那老那老 人步履艰难地走着，双脚几乎都提不起人步履艰难地走着，双脚几乎都提不起 来。来。 Paragraph 10 vtrudge: walk with heavy steps, slowly and with effort (plod) 步履艰难地走步履艰难地走, 跋跋 涉涉 vE.g.: He had to trudge (for) 20 miles to get home. 他要跋涉他要跋涉20英里才回到家。英里才回到家。 vshuffle:

25、walk by dragging ones feet slowly along 曳足而行，拖着步子走曳足而行，拖着步子走 vstagger: walk or move unsteadily and with great difficulty, almost falling 蹒跚，摇晃，踉跄蹒跚，摇晃，踉跄 vE.g.: He was staggering along as if drunk. 他摇摇晃晃地向前走，好他摇摇晃晃地向前走，好 像喝醉了酒一样。像喝醉了酒一样。 vtoddle: walk with short unsteady steps, as a small child does

26、 蹒跚蹒跚 行步，东倒西歪地走行步，东倒西歪地走 Paragraph 10 vstroll: walk a short distance slowly or lazily, especially for pleasure 散散 步；闲逛；溜达步；闲逛；溜达 vramble: (about, through, among) go on a long walk with no particular plan 漫游；漫步漫游；漫步 Paragraph 10 vE.g.: They rambled through the woods. 他们漫步穿过他们漫步穿过 树林。树林。 v We rambled about for hours in the old city. 我们我们 在古城漫游了几个小时。在古城漫游了几个小时。 vroam: (through, around, abou