【BOOK8】Unit4 Pygmalion-2019届高三英语一轮复习基础知识

1、 单单 词词 名名 词词 指人：指人：professor, thief, ambassador, referee, acquaintance, 指物：指物：garment, wallet, handkerchief, stocking, cookie, teapot, cream, nail, wax, disk, laundry, bathtub, vest whistle, hesitate, classify, betray, condemn, rob, sob, overlook, fade 动动 词词 differ, undertake, cast, object, obtain,

2、attain, forbid, accumulate, owe, retire, bother, strike, resist, adore, hatch 形形 容容 词词 classic, woollen, uncomfortable, troublesome, mistaken, brilliant, upper, extraordinary, authentic, superior, antique, musical, shabby, horrible, disgusting 单词单词副词副词 uncomfortably, properly 短语短语 词词 汇汇 表表 pass . of

3、f as, make ones acquaintance, generally speaking, in terms of, show . in, once more, in need of, fade out 课课 文文 中中 in all directions, make notes, take down, deep in conversation, the other day, treat sb. like dirt, have the face to do sth. 句式句式 1. what if 引起疑问句引起疑问句 例句例句: There you are and you were

4、born in Lisson Grove if Im not mistaken. What if I was? 2. Suppose that(=supposing that). 句型句型 例句例句: Suppose you have a chance to help Eliza improve her use of the English language. 语法语法复习过去分词作状语复习过去分词作状语 1. _ adj. 经典的经典的; 第一流的第一流的 2. _ n. 教授教授 3. _ adj. 毛纺的毛纺的; 纯毛的纯毛的 4. _ n. 结果结果; 效果效果 5. _ n. 小偷小

5、偷; 贼贼 6. _ n. 皮夹皮夹; 钱包钱包 7. _ vi. 犹豫犹豫, 踌躇踌躇 8. _ adj. 带来麻烦的带来麻烦的, 使人心烦的使人心烦的 9. _ vt. 抢劫抢劫; 盗窃盗窃; 剥夺剥夺 10. _ adj. 破旧的破旧的, 寒酸的寒酸的 professor hesitate troublesome rob shabby classic woollen outcome thief wallet ( (一一) ) 基本单词基本单词 11. _ adj. 错误的错误的, 不正确的不正确的 12. _ n. 谈论谈论; 言论言论; 评述评述 vt. 评论评论; 说起说起 13.

6、_ vt. 显露出显露出; 背叛背叛 14. _ adj. (位置或地位位置或地位)较高的较高的; 级级 别较高的别较高的 15. _ adj. 不同寻常的不同寻常的; 非凡的非凡的 16. _ vt. 谴责谴责; 使某人置于困境使某人置于困境 17. _ n. 相识相识; 了解了解; 熟人熟人 18. _ n. 一把一把; 少量少量 19. _ adj. 真实的真实的; 真正的真正的; 可信的可信的 remark acquaintance authentic handful mistaken betray upper extraordinary condemn 20. _ vi. 吹口哨吹口

7、哨; 发出汽笛声发出汽笛声 n. 口哨声口哨声; 汽笛声汽笛声 21. _ n. 手帕手帕 22. _ n. 机会机会; 运气运气 23. _ adj. 音乐的音乐的; 喜爱音乐的喜爱音乐的 24. _ n. 裁判员裁判员; 仲裁员仲裁员 25. _ n. 长袜长袜 26. _ n. 饼干饼干 27. _ n. 茶壶茶壶 28. _ n. 奶油奶油; 面霜面霜 29. _ n. 指甲指甲; 钉子钉子 whistle handkerchief(s) fortune musical referee stocking cookie teapot cream nail 30. _ vt. 上蜡上蜡 n

8、. 蜡蜡, 蜜蜡蜜蜡 31. _ n. 磁盘磁盘 32. _ n. 折中折中 33. _ adj. 可怕的可怕的, 恐怖的恐怖的 34. _ n. 啜泣啜泣(声声); 抽噎抽噎(声声) vi. 啜泣啜泣; 抽噎抽噎 35. _ adj. 使人反感的使人反感的, 令人厌恶的令人厌恶的 36. _ vt. 俯视俯视; 忽视忽视, 不理会不理会 37. _ vi. 减弱减弱; wax disk compromise horrible sob disgusting overlook fade 38. adaptation n. _ 39. garment n. _ 40. brilliant adj.

9、 _ 41. classify v. _ 42. ambassador n. _ 43. status n. _ 44. superior adj. 改编本改编本 (一件一件)衣服衣服, 服装服装 光辉灿烂的光辉灿烂的; 杰出的杰出的 分类分类; 归类归类 大使大使; 使节使节 身份身份; 职位职位 优秀的优秀的; 长官长官 古代的古代的; 古董古董 洗衣店洗衣店 字母表字母表 浴缸浴缸, 澡盆澡盆 背心背心; 内衣内衣 1. hesitate vi. 犹豫犹豫 _ n. 犹豫犹豫; 不情愿不情愿; 迟疑迟疑 _ adj. 迟疑的迟疑的; 磨磨蹭蹭的磨磨蹭蹭的 _ adv. 犹豫地犹豫地; 支

10、吾其词地支吾其词地hesitantly hesitation hesitant ( (二二) ) 派生单词派生单词 2. classify vt. 编排编排; 分类分类; 归类归类 _ n. 分类分类; 类别类别 _ adj. 机密的机密的; 分成类的分成类的classified classification 3. remark n. 谈论谈论; 言论言论; v. 谈论谈论; 评论评论 _ adj. 引人注目的引人注目的; 显著的显著的 _ adv. 引人注目地引人注目地 remarkably remarkable 4. rob vt. 抢劫抢劫; 盗窃盗窃; 剥夺剥夺 _ n. 抢劫抢劫;

11、抢夺抢夺; 偷取偷取 _ n. 强盗强盗; 盗贼盗贼; 抢夺者抢夺者 _ 搭配搭配夺取某人某物夺取某人某物 robbery robber rob sb. of sth. 1. 作记录作记录 _ 2. 把把递给递给 _ 3. (把某人把某人)改变或冒充成改变或冒充成 _ 4. 一把一把, 少量的少量的 _ make notes/take notes hand over pass off as a handful of ( (三三) ) 短语短语 5. 庆祝一番庆祝一番 _ 6. 相识相识, 了解了解 _ 7. 被指控被指控 _ 8. 抱怨抱怨 _ 9. 在地球上在地球上; 究竟究竟 _ have

12、 a celebration make ones acquaintance be accused of complain of on earth 10. in amazement _ 11. generally speaking _ 12. the other day _ 13. in terms of _ 14. in need of _ 惊讶惊讶; 震惊震惊 一般来说一般来说 前几天前几天 就就来说来说; 从从角度角度 需要需要 15. begin with _ 16. in disguise _ 17. ask for favors _ 18. fade out _ 从从开始开始 伪装伪

13、装; 假扮假扮 求某人帮忙求某人帮忙 逐渐模糊逐渐模糊; 淡出淡出 1. What if I was? 2. I thought maybe you was a policeman in disguise. 3. Suppose you have a chance to help Eliza improve her use of the English language. ( (四四) ) 句式句式 1. hesitate vi. 犹豫犹豫, 迟疑不决迟疑不决; 顾虑顾虑, 疑虑疑虑 课文原句课文原句: A gentleman passes and hesitates for a moment

14、. 这时有位先生从这儿路过这时有位先生从这儿路过, 他他 迟疑了片刻。迟疑了片刻。 【归纳归纳】 hesitate to do sth. 对做某事有顾虑对做某事有顾虑; 不愿做某事不愿做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth. 对对(做做)某事犹豫不决某事犹豫不决 ( (一一) ) 单词单词 【拓展拓展】 hesitation n. 犹豫犹豫, 疑虑疑虑 without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事毫不犹豫地做某事 【运用运用】 _ _, Me

15、ng Xiangbin jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman. 孟祥斌毫不犹豫地跳下河去救落水的年孟祥斌毫不犹豫地跳下河去救落水的年 轻女子。轻女子。 Without hesitation Premier Li said “The government will not _ _ help you out of poverty.” 李总理说李总理说“政府会毫不犹豫地帮你摆脱贫政府会毫不犹豫地帮你摆脱贫 困。困。” She seems to _ _ _ the private question. 她好像不愿意回答这个私人问题。

16、她好像不愿意回答这个私人问题。 hesitate to hesitate about answering 必会必会 classify sb. / sth. according to sth. 根据根据划分划分 classify sb. / sth. into sth. 把把分为分为 classify sth. as. 把把归类为归类为 2. classify vt. 编排编排; 分类分类; 归类归类 课文原句课文原句: Simply phonetics studied and classified from peoples own speech. 对人的发音进行研究、分类对人的发音进行研究、分

17、类, 仅此而已。仅此而已。 3. remark n. 谈论谈论; 言论言论; 评述评述 vt. 评论评论; 说起说起 课文原句课文原句: You can place a man by just a few remarks. 你可以根据几句话判定你可以根据几句话判定(对方对方) 是哪个地方的人。是哪个地方的人。 必会必会 make a remark on/upon. remark on/upon 对对作出评论作出评论/发表看法发表看法 remark that. 评论说评论说 remarkable adj. 非凡的非凡的; 显著的显著的 【运用运用】 Its rude to mark a rema

18、rk _ the appearance of others. 对别人的相貌品头论足是没有礼貌的。对别人的相貌品头论足是没有礼貌的。 He _ _ _ _ the issue. 他对这个问题没发表任何评论。他对这个问题没发表任何评论。 on/ upon made no remarks on 4. betray vt. 泄露泄露(秘密秘密); 出卖出卖; 背叛背叛 课文原句课文原句: But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. 但他们每次一张嘴就暴露了他们自己。但他们每次一张嘴就暴露了他们自己。 【点拨点拨】 betr

19、ay在表示在表示“泄露秘密泄露秘密”时时, 其同义词其同义词 组组 是是let out。 5. condemn vt. 课文原句：课文原句： Look at this girl with her terrible English, the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. 你瞧那个姑娘你瞧那个姑娘, 英语说得那样糟糕英语说得那样糟糕, 命中注命中注 定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子了。定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子了。 【归纳归纳】 谴责。常用结构：谴责。常用结构：condemn sth. / sb. as s

20、th. 把把指责为指责为; condemn sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而指责某人因某事而指责某人 判判(某人某人)刑刑(尤指死刑尤指死刑)。常用结构：。常用结构： be condemned to death 迫使迫使(某人某人)处于某状态。常用结构：处于某状态。常用结构： condemn sb. to sth. / to do sth. 6. acquaintance n. 相识相识; 了解了解; 熟人熟人 课文原句课文原句: And I came to England to make your acquaintance. 我也正是到英国来找你的。我也正是到英国来找你的。

21、 必会必会 make sb.s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb. 与某人初次相见与某人初次相见/结识某人结识某人 have acquaintance with sth. 对某事了解对某事了解 have acquaintance with sb. 与某人认识与某人认识, 有交情有交情 be acquainted with 熟悉熟悉 【点拨点拨】 acquaintance用作不可数名词时用作不可数名词时, 表表“熟悉熟悉, 认识认识”, 有时在其前加不定冠词有时在其前加不定冠词, 表某种程度表某种程度 的熟悉与了解的熟悉与了解, 与与with连用连

22、用; 用作可数名词时用作可数名词时, 表表“熟悉的人熟悉的人”。 【运用运用】 What did he come here for? He came here especially to _ your acquaintance. A. take B. get C. make D. produce C 必会必会 seek ones fortune 找出路找出路, 碰运气碰运气 make a fortune 发财发财 fortunate adj. 幸运的幸运的, 侥幸的侥幸的 (lucky) fortunately adv. 幸运地幸运地(luckily) 7. fortune n. 财产财产,

23、大笔的钱大笔的钱; 机会机会; 运气运气 【点拨点拨】 表示表示“命运、运气命运、运气”时时, fortune是不可数名是不可数名 词词, 表示表示“发财、财富发财、财富”时时, 常用常用a fortune。 【运用运用】 _, the fire was discovered soon after it had started. 幸好火势刚起就立即被发现了。幸好火势刚起就立即被发现了。 Now many villagers go to the big cities to _ _ _. 现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。 Fortunately seek their for

24、tune 8. compromise n. 折衷折衷 【归纳归纳】 reach a compromise 达成妥协达成妥协 compromise on sth. 违背违背(原则原则); 达不到达不到(标准标准) 【运用运用】 After a long talk, the two sides _ a compromise. 经过长期的谈判经过长期的谈判, 双方达成了妥协。双方达成了妥协。 reached Encourage your children to reach a(n) _ between what he wants and what you want. A. achievement B

25、. appointment C. compromise D. adaptation C 9. overlook vt. 课文原句课文原句: But you cannot overlook that! 你可不能小看这个问题了！你可不能小看这个问题了！ 【归纳归纳】 俯瞰俯瞰 忽视忽视, 忽略忽略, 没看到没看到 原谅原谅, 宽恕宽恕, 不计较不计较 比较：比较：ignore也有也有“不理睬不理睬, 忽视忽视”之意之意, 但只但只 指指 有意识地拒绝、故意不予理会或有意识地拒绝、故意不予理会或“故意这样故意这样 做做” 的意思。的意思。 10. fade 课文原句课文原句: (fades out

26、as they go off stage together) 两人一道朝台下走去两人一道朝台下走去, 声音逐渐减弱。声音逐渐减弱。 【归纳归纳】 v. 意为意为“(使使)褪色褪色; 减弱减弱; 逐渐消失逐渐消失; (花朵花朵) 枯萎枯萎, 凋谢凋谢” 【拓展拓展】 fade away 逐渐消失逐渐消失 fade in / fade out (画面画面)淡入淡入/淡出淡出, 渐显渐显/渐渐 隐隐, (声音声音)渐强渐强/渐弱渐弱 【运用运用】 My enthusiasm for Chinese football team gradually _ because of their countles

27、s failures. A. grew B. faded C. ran out D. gave up B 1. generally speaking 一般来说一般来说 【拓展拓展】 strictly speaking 严格地说严格地说 frankly speaking 坦白地说坦白地说 broadly speaking 泛泛地说泛泛地说 roughly speaking 粗略地说粗略地说 personally speaking 就个人而言就个人而言 exactly speaking 确切地说确切地说 ( (二二) ) 短语短语 2. in terms of 就就来说来说, 从从角度角度 课文原

28、句：课文原句： Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar spelling, ect., so that she can use them properly. 从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子, 好让她恰当好让她恰当 使用。使用。 【归纳归纳】其后可跟名词其后可跟名词, 也可跟从句。也可跟从句。 come to terms with 达成协议达成协议, 和好和好; 接受接受; 适应适应 be on good/bad terms 关系良好关系良好/不好不好 in the long/short term 就长远就长远

29、/短期而言短期而言 in ones terms 在某人看来在某人看来 【拓展拓展】 in charge of 负责负责 in search of 寻找寻找 in honour of 向向表示敬意表示敬意 in need of 需要需要 in favour of 赞成赞成, 支持支持 in case of 如果如果, 假使假使 in place of 代替代替 in memory of 纪念纪念 in possession of 占有占有 in control of 控制控制, 管理管理, 掌握掌握 in praise of 赞扬赞扬 3. in need 表示表示“(食物、钱或生活来源的食物、

30、钱或生活来源的)短短 缺缺, 缺乏缺乏”。表示。表示“需要什么需要什么”, 用用in need of, of后需加宾语。后需加宾语。 【拓展拓展】 in trouble 处在麻烦中处在麻烦中 in difficulty 处在困难中处在困难中 in danger 处在危险中处在危险中 in good health 身体状况好身体状况好 in order 有秩序有秩序 in a hurry 匆匆忙忙匆匆忙忙 【运用运用】 The charity aims to provide assistance for people _. A. in demand B. in need C. into trou

31、ble D. in need of B 1. What if I was? 如果我是如果我是又怎么样？又怎么样？ 句型：句型：What if.? 如果如果将会怎么样将会怎么样?/又有什么关系？又有什么关系？ ( (三三) ) 句句 式式 2. I thought maybe you was a policeman in disguise. 句型：句型：I thought (that). 我原以为我原以为 3. Suppose you have a chance to help Eliza improve her use of the English language. 句型：句型：Suppos

32、e that(=supposing that). 假设假设 suppose用来表示条件时用来表示条件时, 相当于相当于if (假设假设)。 考点一：过去分词作状语考点一：过去分词作状语, 表示原因、时间、条件表示原因、时间、条件 等。等。 1. Clearly and thoughtfully _, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written write与与book间是逻辑上的动宾关系

33、间是逻辑上的动宾关系, write表示的表示的 动作已发生。动作已发生。 过去分词点拨过去分词点拨( (二二) ) 2. _ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded found与与school之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 3. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C

34、. Used D. To use use与与tin之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 4. _ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. 设空处作原因状语设空处作原因状语, 因因raise与与he之间是逻辑之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系上的动宾关系, 且且raise表示的动作已发生表示的动作已发生, 故填故填Raised。 Raised 考点二：考点二：“连词连词+过去分词过去分词”作状语。作状语。 1. Children, when _ b

35、y their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. A. to be accompanied B. to accompany C. accompanying D. accompanied accompany与与Children之间是逻辑上的动宾之间是逻辑上的动宾 关系关系, 是状语从句的省略是状语从句的省略, 完整为完整为when they are accompanied by their parents。 2. If _ (accept) for the job, youll be informed soon. If与设空处构成与设空处构成“

36、连词连词+过去分词过去分词”结构结构, accept与与you之间是逻辑上的动宾关系之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 故故 填填accepted。此处是条件状语从句的省略。此处是条件状语从句的省略, 还原后是还原后是If you are accepted for the job。 accepted 考点三：过去分词构成的独立结构。考点三：过去分词构成的独立结构。 Much time _ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. Much time与设空处构成独立主格结构与设空

37、处构成独立主格结构, 因因 spend与与time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 故故 填填spent。 spent 【即学即练即学即练】用括号内动词正确形式填空。用括号内动词正确形式填空。 When 1. _ (ask) about poetry, most people will say that a poem is a text 2. _ (have) rhythm and rhyme. Famous are the lines 3. _ (write) by William Blake, which have clear rhythm and rhyme. Others

38、 will add that poems must have a certain form with a fixed number of lines and a fixed rhyme pattern, such as a sonnet. asked having written Apart from some short songs and poems 4. _ (include) in his plays, all of Shakespeares greatest poems are sonnets. John Milton was one of the first poets 5. _

39、(start) writing poems without rhyme at the end of the lines. Once 6. _ (publish), his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. included to start published 如何续写故事如何续写故事 【写作任务写作任务】 某英文杂志现举办英语故事续写大赛。请你某英文杂志现举办英语故事续写大赛。请你 根据所给故事的开头，展开合理的想象，将故根据所给故事的开头，展开合理的想象，将故 事补充完整。事补充完整。

40、注意：词数注意：词数120左右左右(提示部分不计入总词数提示部分不计入总词数)。 Last Sunday I was wandering in the zoo when I noticed a little girl standing alone by the road crying. 【写作指导写作指导】 一、审题定调一、审题定调 本写作要求续写一则故事，体裁属于记叙本写作要求续写一则故事，体裁属于记叙 文。大家需要以所给出的时间、地点、人物文。大家需要以所给出的时间、地点、人物 为起点，将其发展成为逻辑合理、情节和结为起点，将其发展成为逻辑合理、情节和结 构完整的短文。构完整的短文。 二、

41、谋篇布局二、谋篇布局 本篇习作可分为三部分：本篇习作可分为三部分： 第一部分：开门见山交代故事的背景第一部分：开门见山交代故事的背景(已已 给出给出)； 第二部分：详细叙述故事的发展和结局；第二部分：详细叙述故事的发展和结局； 第三部分：描述第三部分：描述“我我”的感受。的感受。 三、组织语言三、组织语言 就本篇习作而言，第二和第三部分应围就本篇习作而言，第二和第三部分应围 绕以下内容组织语言。绕以下内容组织语言。 1. 第二部分：叙述故事的发展和结局。第二部分：叙述故事的发展和结局。 普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达 I immediately went up to her and aske

42、d why she was crying. But she did not want to talk to me. I came up and asked why she was crying. However, she refused to answer. Without hesitation, I approached her and tried to find out what had happened to her, but it seemed that the girl had some doubts about my kindness. 普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达 After

43、 I showed her my ID card and student card, she seemed to believe that I was trying to help her. After showing her my ID card and student card, I convinced her that I was just trying to offer help. She told me that she had lost her mother in the crowd while she was watching monkeys. She told me that

44、she had got separated from her mother while she was watching monkeys. 普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达 I asked her for her mothers phone number, but she couldnt remember it at all because she was too worried. I asked for her mothers phone number; however, she couldnt remember it due to her anxiety. After a long and

45、 patient talk, she remembered it. By giving her patient guidance, I got her to recall it. Seeing . was all right, . thanked me a lot / was very thankful to me. Seeing . safe and sound, . expressed her gratitude to me. 普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达 Helping the girl made me happy. I had never had a good feeling li

46、ke that. Though it was just a small matter, the smile on their faces made my day! 2. 第三部分：描述第三部分：描述“我我”的感受。的感受。 【范文展示范文展示】 普通范文普通范文 Last Sunday I was wandering in the zoo when I noticed a little girl standing alone by the road crying. I immediately went up to her and asked why she was crying. But sh

47、e did not want to talk to me. After I showed her my ID card and student card, she seemed to believe that I was trying to help her. She told me that she had lost her mother in the crowd while she was watching monkeys. I asked her for her mothers phone number, but she couldnt remember it at all becaus

48、e she was too worried. After a long and patient talk, she remembered it. Soon her mother rushed to us. Seeing her girl was all right, she thanked me a lot. Helping the girl made me happy. I had never had a good feeling like that. 高级范文高级范文 Last Sunday I was wandering in the zoo when I noticed a littl

49、e girl standing alone by the road crying. Without hesitation, I approached her and tried to find out what had happened to her, but it seemed that the girl had some doubts about my kindness. After showing her my ID card and student card, I convinced her that I was just trying to offer help. She told

50、me that she had got separated from her mother while she was watching monkeys. I asked for her mothers phone number; however, she couldnt remember it due to her anxiety. By giving her patient guidance, I got her to recall it. Soon the worried mother rushed to us. Seeing her girl safe and sound, she e

51、xpressed her gratitude to me. Though it was just a small matter, the smile on their faces made my day! I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Its _ (disgust) that there are no schools or hospitals for these people. 2. The family all play instruments theyre all very _ (music). 3. The boys _ (ordinary) he

52、ight singled him out even among basketball players. extraordinary disgusting musical 4. I thought he said 12 oclock, but I might have been _ (mistake). 5. Being short of money is a bit _ (trouble) but well do what we can. troublesome mistaken II. 选用方框内合适的单词并用其正确形式填选用方框内合适的单词并用其正确形式填 空空(每词限用一次每词限用一次)。 ask attract invite see use surprise translate write 1. _ from the hill, the town looks like a garden. 2. When _ for his views about his teaching job, Jim said he found it very interesting. asked Seen 3. I wont go to their next party, even if _. 4. _ into English, the sentence was found to have an