(完整版)人教新目标2014春八年级下册第二单元单元知识点和练习,推荐文档

1、unit 2 i ll help to clean up the city parks.1. you could help clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。【解析 1】help v helpful 1). help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事。 5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。【2013 日照】15. mary is so she comes to you whenever youre in trouble.a. usefulb. carefulc. thankfuld. helpful【2012 烟台中考】

2、25. the womanall of her money to charitiesthe poor.a. gave off, to helpb. gave up, helpingc. gave away, to helpd. gave, helping【解析 2】clean up 把打扫干净（v. + adv.） clean up the table = clean the table up its your turnup the kitchen.(clean)() your bedroom is too dirty, please.a. clean it upb. clean up itc

3、. set it up() if everyone pours less polluted water into dianchi lake, it will be.a. deeper and deeperb. cleaner and cleanerc. dirtier and dirtierd. wider and wider2. the girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。【解析 1】sick /ill ： (1) sickadj.“生病的”，既可放

4、be (系动词)后作表语，也可放 n.前作定语。 be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) illadj.“生病的”，只能放 be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院ill illnessn.“病；疾病”. you look very tired. you must be sick. (= ill).he had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲22i think her(ill) is very serious. 我认为她的病是很严重。() thegirl was sent to hos

5、pital by her mother yesterday.a. sickb. illc. goodd. well【解析 2】in the hospital 与 in hospital (1) in the hospital“在医院” 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；(2) in hospital “在医院；住院” 指生病住院。 类似的短语有：in the bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上；in bed“在床上”指躺在床上tom is ill and staying in bed.() 【湖南邵阳】 my grandfather was illlast wee

6、k. im sorry to hear that.a. in a hospitalb. in the hospitalc. in hospitald. in hospitals【解析 3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴cheer me up 使我高兴() you could visitchildren in the hospital andthem.a. ill, set, upb. sick, clean, upc. sick, cheer, up() he looks sad .letshim.a.

7、cheer , upb. put, upc. set upd. call, up【2013 辽宁锦州】11. he looks unhappy today.lets.a. cheer him upb. help out himc. look him afterd. argue with him3. the boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物【解析】give out =hand out 分发(v. +adv)hand out bananas give out sth to sb. 分.给某人our teacher begi

8、ns(分发) our test paper.【短语】：give in 屈服give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表 give sb. a call 给打电话 give away 赠送 give away money to kids give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人 give up doing sth =stop doing sth 放弃做某事 give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线(

9、) you shouldntyour hope. everything will better.a. give upb. fix upc. cheer upd. put up() we have raised some books. wellto the poor children.a. put them upb. give them awayc. give them away.d. put out them【2013 江苏常州】8. many social workers went to yaan to helpclean water and food to local people to

10、reduce their pain from the earthquake.a. put outb. come outc. work outd. give out4. we need to come up with a plan for the city park clean -up day.我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。【解析】come up with =think up想出 catch up with 赶上 追上【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑【谚语】 think before you act 三思而后行【拓展】v+up

11、 with 构成的短语：catch up with 赶上；追上keep up with 跟上；跟、 、保持联系put u with 容忍； 忍得住end up with 结束；以而结束() we need(想出) a plan.()my mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.a. thought aboutb. thought upc. thought hard【2013 黑龙江绥化】19. it is too noisy here. i cant stand it. me, too. we have tonew ways

12、 to solve the problem.a. catch up withb. keep up withc. come up with5. oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？【解析】help out 帮助； 帮助出来 help sb. out 使某人脱离困境【2013 ft东青岛】24. heplenty of money to the people in the earthquake area.a. put out, to work out wellb. handed out, help them outc

13、gave out, work out welld. gave away; to help them out6. they told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。【解析 1】 (1) use v.使用usefuladj. 有用的 use up 用完studying english is(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事we use internet(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事

14、，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做， 只用于过去时态。my mother used（tell）us story when we were young. () he used toshort andshort hair when he was young.a. have; beb. be; havec. be; bed. have; have(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事my grandpa is used(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sthstamps i

15、s used(post) letters.() my brother used toup late, but now he is used toup early.a. get ;getb. getting; getc. get; gettingd. getting; getting () keys are usedthe door.a. to openb. to openingc. opend. opening【记】 he used to wear glasses . but now he is used to wearing contact lenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴

16、隐形眼镜。【2013 湖北随州】33. how does jack usually go to work?hedrive a car, but now hethere to lose weight.a. used to; is used to walkb. was used to; is used to walkingc. was used to; is used to walkd. used to; is used to walking【2013 四川雅安】20. my parentsgetting up early on weekdaysa. used tob. be used toc.

17、was used tod.are used to【2013 黑龙江龙东】30. shelive with her grandparents , but she doesnt now.a. used tob. is used toc. was used to【2013 贵州安顺】18. shelive alone. but sheliving alone because she feels lonely.a. used to; doesnt used tob. is used to; was used toc. used to; is not used tod. was used to; doe

18、snt used to7. that sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。【解析】sound(1)n 声 音 we heard a strange sound.【辨析】sound/noise/voicesound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。noise 一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。voice 指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美。dont make such a noise. 别这样大声喧哗。【2011 大庆 4】11. did you hear an

19、y strangewhen the quake happened? no, i was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful of my birds at that time.a. voice; noiseb. noise; soundc. whisper; soundd. sound; voice【2011 四川德阳 2】4. stop making so much. the children are sleeping.a. voiceb. noisec. sound(2) vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容

20、词，介词短语，名词）how does the music sound to you? 这音乐你听起来怎么样？it sounds beautiful. 它听起来很美。【2013 ft东临沂】25. do you know the song gangnam style?of course. itinteresting.a. tastesb. smellsc. soundsd. feels8. yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneselfadj. 单独的，指

21、无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。he often walks alone to home .(2) lonely 指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的() the old man lives，but he never feels.a. alone ;lonelyb. lonely; alonec. alone; aloned. lonely; lonely() my little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.a. quietlyb. lonelyc. all the timed. by herself() he did t

22、he work all by himself.a. alreadyb. togetherc. aloned. lonely【2011 雅安】12. his grandparents livein a small house, but they dont feel.a. lonely; aloneb. alone; lonelyc. lonely; lonelyd. alone; alone【2012 贵州安顺】22.his grandparents livein a small house, but they dont feel alonely; alonebalone; lonelyclon

23、ely; lonelydalone;alone【2013 上海】67. my old neighbor charles feltafter his children moved out.a. lonelyb. safelyc. angrilyd. happily9. we should listen to them and care for them .我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料【2013 湖北黄石 2】 33. many students in our schoolthe old and they usually offer their s

24、eats to them on buses.a. worry aboutb. care forc. agree withd. take care【拓展】care 的短语总结take care=be carefulv.当心，小心take care of=look afterv.照顾，照料，照看take care of 处理，做完care forv.照顾，照看【2013 广东广州 3】23. thanks for your invitation, but im so sorry i cant go. i need to my baby at home.a. take away b. take of

25、fc. take care of d. take out of10. mario green and mary brown from riverside high school give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。【解析 1】give up 放弃 give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事( ) i find it too difficult to learn english well. i want to drop it.a. give

26、up it b. give it up c. give away it d. give it away【2013 江苏泰州】13. its too hard for me to be a trailwalker. never. believe in yourself!a. put upb. give upc. hurry upd. look up【2013 江苏连云港】11. it was a difficulttime for the quakehit victims in yaan, but they didnthope.a. give upb. give offc. give ind.

27、give out【解析 2】several 可作定语，表示“几个”： = a fewseveral boys were injured. 有几个小伙子伤了。my friend speaks several languages. 我的朋友能讲几种语言11. he volunteers at an animal hospital every saturday morning.他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。【解析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者 volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事jack volunteered(carry) the water.they often(自愿

28、去教) the children12. . but i want to learn more about how to care for animals.但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识【解析】 “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，【记】：i dont know what to do.i dont know how to do it .i dont know what to do with it.【拓展】 “特殊疑问词 + 不定式” 与 “wh 从句的转换。 转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成“should +v 原形“做谓语。i dont know how

29、to solve the problem.= i dont know how i should solve the problem.i dont know what(bring) to the party.he wanted to know when(go).【内蒙呼和浩特】 which dress do you like best, madam? sorry, i cant decide now.a. to buy which oneb. buy which onec. which one to buyd. which i should buy it.13. i get such a str

30、ong feeling of satisfaction when i see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces. 当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。【解析 1】such词条词性用法常用结构such形容词修饰名词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名词such+ 除 many/few 之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除 much/little 之外的形容词+ 不可数名词so程度副

31、词修饰形容词或副词so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数so+ many/few +可数名词复数so+ much/little+不可数名词【解析 1】(1)so that如此.以致“so +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句so 后面接形容词、副词he was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.【记】名前 such,形副 so，多多少少（many, much, few, little）都用 so。【2011 雅安】17. the girl isa nice girlwe all want to help her.a.

32、such; thatb. too; toc. so; thatd. very; that【2012 江苏镇江】some word puzzles in this book aredifficult that students can solve them.a. such; fewb. such; littlec. so; fewd. so; little【解析 2】get better 变得更好14. she could read by herself at the age of four.她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。【解析】at the age of 在.岁的时候= when sb. wa

33、s . years old.【2013 南京 2】28. do you know mu yan?of course, he won the 2012 nobel prize four literaturethe age of 57.a. inb. atc. ond. to15. last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。【解析】try out 尝试；实验 tryv 试图，设法，努力【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿 (2) try

34、 to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4) try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事we should(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future. () we should trymuch fruit.a. eatb. to eatc. eatingd. eats16. she still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩

35、子们学习阅读。【解析】once a week 一周一次【拓展】once = one time 一次twice= two times 两次【注】：三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”three times 三 次 four times 四次three or four times 三到四次i chat with my friends online(一两次) a week.【2013 年北京】29.-do you go to the cinema?-once a month.a. how longb. how farc. how oftend. how much17. ，but you can

36、see in their eyes theyre going on a different journey with each new book,., 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不同的旅行。【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip 去旅行18. volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。【解析】 come true 实现词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”we want to see young

37、 people(实现他们的梦想)。(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.【2013 四川遂宁】27. if we chinese work hard together. china dream will.a. come outb. come truec. achieve【拓展】与 come 相关的短语：【短语】come and go 来来回回come from 来自come back 回 来 come out出来come on 加油，快点 come in 进来come back 回来come over 顺便来访come true

38、 实现come up with 想出【2013 浙江宁波 1】24. scientists are trying their best toways to treat theterrible disease called h7n9.a. come up withb. look forward toc. talk aboutd. give up【2013浙江丽水2】25. the great writer has written many stories for children. it is said that a new one willat the end of this month.a.

39、 go outb. come outc. look outd. run out19. i can do what i love to do and help others at the same time.我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。【解析】at the same time 同时, 【2011 上海】this novel can make you laugh and cry atsame time.a.ab.anc.thed. /20. however, few people think about what they can do to help others.然而，很

40、少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。【解析 1】however 然而【辨析 】however 和 but 二者都意为“可是，但是”； but 是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。i really dont like cheese, but i will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。 however 不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。it was raining hard. however, we went out to look for the boy.雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去

41、寻找那个孩子【解析 2】few 几乎没有词条含义修饰的名词的数例句few几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数they know few of usa few一些（表肯定含义）he made a few mistakeslittle几乎没有（表否定含义）不可数名词i spend very little on fooda little一些（表肯定含义）i know a little about thestory【注】 a few/ few(1) a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。(2) a few “有一些”，表示肯定概念，few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。the man has been he

42、re for many years, so he has a few friends.这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。i am a new comer here, so i have few friends here.我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。a little/ little(1) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。(2) a little “有一些”，表示肯定概念。little “几乎没有”，表示否定概念。there is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。there is little water in the

43、 glass, so you cant drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。【2011无锡 1】 there used to be lots of fish in the lake. yes, but there are verynow.a. fewb. fewerc. littled. less【2013 重庆】the girl in purple is new here, sopeople know her.a. fewb .a fewc .a little【2013 黔西南 3】120. remember this , children .careful you a

44、re , mistakes you will make .we know , mr. li .a. the more; the moreb.the fewer; the morec. the more; the fewerd. the less; the less【注】less可用在部分双音节和多音节形容词和副词前，构成形容词和副词的比较级。【2013 湖北黄冈】26. how far is yuhua middle school from here?its around five minutes walk.a. aboutb. overc. more thand. less than【201

45、3 湖北十堰】13. many boy students think math isenglish.i agree. im weak in english.a. much difficult than b. so difficult asc. less difficult thand. more difficult than22. for example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或

46、者无家可归的人们筹钱。【解析 1】for examplefor example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语， 用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。for example，he is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。 such as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。可以和 and so on 连用。boys such as john and james are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。【解析 2】 raise（raised; raised) v 募集；征集raise money for. “为筹款

47、”【解析 3】 home n 家homeless adj. 无家可归的be home to = be the home of sb. 成为家园 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩【2011 宁夏】28. we have only one earth. its our common.a. familyb. housec. homed. room【拓展】由 home 构成的合成词： homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的【2013 河南】23 he was born

48、 in italy, but he has made china his.a. familyb. addressc. housed. home【同类记忆】 careless 粗心的 hopeless 没有希望的 helpless 无助的 useless 没有用的be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家【短语集锦】on ones way home 在某人回家的路上 stay at home 呆在家里go home 回家 at home 在家get home 到家you should do something to help(无家可归的)people.()

49、 mr. li regards ningxia as his secondbecause he has been here for overtwenty years.a. familyb. housec. roomd. home【2011 连云港】8. after the earthquake in japan, we are trying to help the people to rebuild their homes.a. harmlessb. endlessc. uselessd. homeless23. some people even stop doing their jobs f

50、or a few months to a year to move to another country, like africa,and help people there.有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。【解析】 stop doing (1)stop doing sth 停止做某事 please stop speaking.请停止讲话 (2)stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事 please stop to talk.请停下来讲话 (3)stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doing st

51、h=prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 (4)cant stop doing sth 忍不住做【2013 黄石市】29. seeing their teacherinto the classroom, they stoppedat once.a. walk; tellingb. entering; to speakc. enter; to telld. walking; talking【2013 年孝感】39. dad, why must i stopcomputer games?for your health, my boy.a. playb. to playc

52、. to playingd. playingsection b1. i repaired it . 我把它修好了【解析】 repairv“修理；修复”1) repair 的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？2) mend 的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。this shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。3) fix 用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的

53、部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与 repair 无多大区别。can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?2. i take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈。【解析】(1)take after =be similar to 在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像 （v. +adv）【短语】take back 收回，接回take down 写下take off 脱下；起飞take up 占去（时间或空间）take care 小心take care of照顾take place 发生take out 拿出take

54、away 拿走(2) look like 只指在外貌上与.相像【短语】：look after 照顾 look up 向上看，查找 look for 寻找 look out 小心()do youafter your mother or your father? my father .we both have big eyes and black hair.a. lookb. takec. run() the girlthe woman. maybe she is her daughter.a. take careb. takes afterc. takes offd. look after【2011 ft东青岛 2】tomhis father, because they both are cheerful and easygoing.a. looks likeb. takes afterc. doesnt take afterd. isnt like3. i fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。【解析】fix =mend=repair v 修理，修补 fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv) () where is frank no