2013年全国医学博士外语统一考试解析

1、20132013年全国医学博士外语统一年全国医学博士外语统一 考试英语试题讲解及考场点睛考试英语试题讲解及考场点睛 承雨承雨 JACKY 2014-1-15 听力解题技巧听力解题技巧 1.划出关键词并预判划出关键词并预判 2.对比分析对比分析 3.排除法排除法 4.重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面 5.注意听同义词替换注意听同义词替换 / 同义词转述同义词转述 6.带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的 7.数字题：数字题：thirteen/thirty; eighteen/eighty . 2013年真题听力年真题听力 Conversat

2、ion 1 Conversation 1 M: Whats the matter with this little boy? W: He has a chesty cough all the time. His temperature is high. And he keeps telling me he wants to be sick. M: Does he bring anything upbring anything up? W: No, because he has been off his food for the past two days. He just brings upb

3、rings up (呕吐) bilebile (胆汁). Q: Which of the following is not the boys symptom? Conversation 2Conversation 2 W: Good afternoon, doctor. I have a terrible headache. Yesterday I had a runny noserunny nose. Now my nose is stuffed upis stuffed up. M: Let me give you an examination. First, let me have a

4、look at your throat. Ok, now let me examine your chest. Do you have a history of tuberculosistuberculosis? W: No, I dont think so. M: Your throat is inflamed and your tongue your tongue is thickly coatedis thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza. Q: What is the woman suffering from? C

5、onversation 3Conversation 3 W: What are you looking for? M: My laptop. I cant find it in my bag or anywhere. W: I cant remember you carrying it here. Think about it one more time. M: Thats right. I left it at home.Thats right. I left it at home. Q: Where is the mans laptop? Conversation 4Conversatio

6、n 4 M: How is your work going? W: I think I will be finished soon. M: Well, I wont be finished for a while. Q: What can be inferred about the man? Conversation 5Conversation 5 W: When are doctor Petermans office hours? M: Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 10 a.m. to noon. W: Thats not very convenien

7、t for me. I have pathology class thenI have pathology class then. Q: What is the man? Conversation 6Conversation 6 W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you? M: I was wondering if you had the results. W: Oh, yes, the results. Weve got them. M: Great. W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6 , Sodium ( 钠) 136, and P

8、otassium (钾) 3.9. M: 3.5. W: No, thats 3.9. Q: What is the mans sodium level? Conversation 7Conversation 7 M: Hello, this is Don North from PediatricsPediatrics. Id like a word with Doctor Wilson if its possible. W: Im sorry, but he left for left for Michigan to attend a conferenceMichigan to attend

9、 a conference this morning. He was in fact looking for you just before he left. Q: What is true about Doctor Wilson? Conversation 8Conversation 8 M: I spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis. W: Are you crazy? Youve got a a ski feverski fever. Q: What can we say about the man? Conversation 9

10、Conversation 9 W: Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture. M: Thats for sure. But they But they should do as Romans doshould do as Romans do. Q: According to the man, what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture? Conversation 10Conversation 10 W: Cind

11、y just got divorced. M: So soon! She got married only last summer. W: Well, she found out that her her husband was not the millionaire husband was not the millionaire she thought he was. Q: What does the woman imply about Cindy? Conversation 11Conversation 11 M: Kate was the only one brave brave eno

12、ugh enough to speak her mind at the meeting today. M: Yeah, a lot of people felt the same way, but were too scared to say but were too scared to say anything. She just voiced the aspiration of them. Q: Which of the following words can best describe Kate? Conversation 12Conversation 12 W: Why didnt y

13、ou come to work yesterday? M: I was feeling a little under the under the weatherweather. W: Did you go to see the DOC? M: No, nothing serious. Q: Why didnt the man go to work yesterday? Conversation 13Conversation 13 M: Have you heard of the magazine The World of English? W: Of course. It is one of

14、many English magazines that are now flying off book seller shelvesflying off book seller shelves. Q: What does the woman imply about the The World of English? Conversation 14Conversation 14 M: Hello Doctor Marks. Its Tim Tailor from at ANNE Edinburgh Central. W: Hello. M: Ive got a young woman, a 30

15、-year-old woman referred up by her GP GP with a kind of perineal abscess for about 10-15 days. W: Right. M: Shes been on antibioticsantibiotics and basically it needs to be incisedincised. Can you take her? W: Of course. Whats the patients name? Q: What is the woman? Conversation 15Conversation 15 W

16、: What do you know about treatments of cancer? M: ChemotherapyChemotherapy. But that makes your hair fall out, doesnt it? W: Yes, there are some unpleasant side-side- effectseffects. Im not sure we need to consider that at this stage. We should see whether a series of injection will help. Q: What tr

17、eatment will the man probably receive first? 短对话答案汇总短对话答案汇总 B D C B DB D C B D D D D C CD D D C C B B C B CB B C B C DialogueDialogue 话题：猪流感话题：猪流感 swine fluswine flu respiratory ailment 呼吸病 susceptible 易受影响的 mutate 变异 mammal 哺乳动物 fatigue 疲乏 sore throat 喉咙痛 show up 现身 antiviral study 抗病毒研究 答案：答案：B B

18、B A BB B B A B Passage 1Passage 1 话题：噪音引起的失聪话题：噪音引起的失聪 noise-induced noise-induced hearing losshearing loss impairing 引起损伤的 cocktail鸡尾酒，混合 nutrient营养元素 magnesium镁 metabolic activity 代谢活动 trial 试验 答案：答案：A B A C CA B A C C Passage 2Passage 2 话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响 Abnormality 异常 Obese肥胖的 Neural tu

19、be 神经管 Spinal cord 脊柱 Palate 上颚 答案：答案：A D C A BA D C A B 20132013年真题年真题VocabularyVocabulary答案答案 Section ASection A D B C A B C A C D A D B C A B C A C D A Section BSection B C D B C A D A B A C C D B C A D A B A C 20132013年真题年真题ClozeCloze答案答案 话题：游戏对视力的促进作用话题：游戏对视力的促进作用 A B B D C D C A D B 20132013年真

20、题年真题 Text 1Text 1 主题句 Those with a biological biological predispositionpredisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusiveabusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. 答案：答案： B C D D BB C D D B 20132013年真题年真题 Text 2Text 2 主题句主题句 Three developments featured in this issue co

21、llectively give grounds for give grounds for optimism that would have been scarcelyscarcely believable a year ago in the wake ofin the wake of another failed vaccine and continuing problems supplying drugs to all who need them. 答案：答案： B A B B DB A B B D 20132013年真题年真题 Text 3Text 3 主题句主题句 Not so. Ans

22、wering them is the focus of a burgeoningburgeoning field that brings together archaeology and neuroscience. It aims to chart the development of human cognitivecognitive powers. 答案：答案： B A C C BB A C C B 20132013年真题年真题 Text 4Text 4 主题句主题句 A warmer world wont just be inconvenient. will actually be uni

23、nhabitableuninhabitable- too hot, dry or stormy to sustainsustain a human population. It could materializematerialize if the world warms by an average of just 4C, So what are we going to do about it? 答案：答案： A D A D BA D A D B 20132013年真题年真题 Text 5Text 5 主题主题 有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。 讨论受捐

24、母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获讨论受捐母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获 得补偿。得补偿。 答案：答案： C A B D CC A B D C 20132013年真题年真题 Text 6Text 6 主题：主题： 讨论美国的食品行业（讨论美国的食品行业（Ground Beef Ground Beef 碎牛碎牛 肉）污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。肉）污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。 答案：答案： C D A C CC D A C C 摘要写作摘要写作 信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与 组织。组织。 英文的书面表达能力。英文的书面表达能力。 避免三种现象：避免三种现象

25、： 摘抄原文摘抄原文 片面的理解片面的理解 重要信息的遗漏重要信息的遗漏 考场点睛考场点睛 在开头、结尾段找出中心词，主旨句 各段落里找出分论点 串联后组织整体结构 切忌照抄或逐字翻译 切忌引用过细的例子、人名、数字或原话 近几年出题和阅卷规律近几年出题和阅卷规律 段落结构清晰。段落结构清晰。 小标题时有时无。小标题时有时无。 有小标题有小标题 (2008,2012,2013)(2008,2012,2013) 无小标题无小标题 (2009,2010,2011(2009,2010,2011） 无明显的起始段和结论段。无明显的起始段和结论段。 阅卷更重视语言表达（淡化内容）。阅卷更重视语言表达（淡

26、化内容）。 近十年医博摘要写作汇总近十年医博摘要写作汇总 年份年份中文标题中文标题英文标题英文标题 2004 入世后看病如何挑医院入世后看病如何挑医院 How to choose a hospital after joining the WHO? 2005 艾滋病是全世界的威胁艾滋病是全世界的威胁AIDS is the threat to the whole world 2006 走路与健康走路与健康Walking and Health 2007 手术与术前恐慌手术与术前恐慌Operation and Pre-operative Fear 2008 珍爱生命从护心开始珍爱生命从护心开始Bett

27、er Heart, Better Life 2009 水果是否可吃可不吃水果是否可吃可不吃Are fruits indispensable or not? 2010 新兴学科：药物心理学新兴学科：药物心理学 A New Discipline: Medicine Psychology 2011 吃出健康吃出健康Better Diet, Better Health 2012 电脑、网络与健康电脑、网络与健康Computer, Internet and Health 2013 健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你走出“第第 三状态三状态” Health Prescription Gets You out o

28、f the Third Condition 健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你走出“第三状态第三状态” Health Prescription Gets Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third StateYou out of the Third State Health Tips Keep You Away Health Tips Keep You Away from the Third Statefrom the Third State 文章要点文章要点 第一段：开场白，引出主题第一段：开场白，引出主题 ( (何为第三何为第三 状态？状态？) )

29、 第二第二/ /三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处 方方 ( (膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、 亲近自然、高质量午睡亲近自然、高质量午睡) ) 第四段：结尾段第四段：结尾段 ( (总结全文总结全文) ) Key WordsKey Words 激烈的竞争激烈的竞争 fierce competitionfierce competition 情绪低落情绪低落 low spiritslow spirits 灰色状态灰色状态 grey stategrey state 均衡营养均衡营养 balanced nutritionbalanced nutrition

30、 合理膳食合理膳食 reasonable dietreasonable diet 不可或缺的营养物质不可或缺的营养物质 indispensable indispensable nutrientsnutrients 精力充沛精力充沛 plenty of energyplenty of energy 事业有成事业有成 successful careersuccessful career 心理平衡心理平衡 psychological balancepsychological balance 午后打盹午后打盹 (after-lunch) nap(after-lunch) nap 第一段第一段 引出主题

31、引出主题 There is no denying that There is no denying that todays fierce competition has made it inevitableinevitable for us to confront various challenges. As a As a resultresult, we can hardly work and live with full energy, and tend to experience tend to experience constant constant low spirits, fati

32、gue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration. HoweverHowever, hospitals wont admit us as a patients. Medical science categorizes/classifies this neither- healthy-nor-ill condition as “grey state” or “third state”. For this common physical problem, medical experts have worked out some simple and

33、 useful health prescriptions/tips. 第二段第二段 展开论述展开论述 First and foremost, balanced nutrition and diet is necessary for human body. Daily diet is supposed to include nutrients like sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins. Eating more or less than normal may also lead to “grey state”. Besides, vitamins can

34、 work wonder, especially for mental workers and office staff. For example, fish and liver, which are rich in vitamin A, can protect our eyesight. Fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamin C, are helpful to people with tremendous pressure. Whats more, we need to free our mind. A research by American scientists finds that mental health