300MW机组DEH设计说明书

1、 1.工程概况Overview of project300MW机组系哈尔滨汽轮机有限责任公司设计生产的N300-16.7/538/538型亚临界一次中间再热、高中压合缸单轴双缸双排汽凝汽式汽轮发电机组，系统为单元制热力系统。300MW汽轮机采用高压主汽门方式冲转，转速达到2900RPM时切换到高压调门控制升速、带负荷。每台机组配有两个高压主汽门（TV）、六个高压调门（GV）、两个中压主汽门（RSV）和两个中压调门（IV）。机组启动运行方式：定滑定运行，高压缸启动负荷性质：带基本负荷，可调峰运行周波变化范围：48.550.5Hz旁路形式及容量：30B-MCR高低压串联简易旁路机组额定出力：300

2、MW主汽阀前额定蒸汽压力：16.7MPa（a）主汽阀前额定蒸汽温度：538主汽门前蒸汽流量：889.87T/H中联门前蒸汽压力：3.228MPa（a）中联门前蒸汽温度：538中联门前蒸汽流量：741.76T/H抽汽压力： 0.2450.785Mpa额定背压： 4.5kPa（a）机组工厂编号：73B300MW汽轮机调节系统为高压抗燃油型数字电液调节系统（简称DEH），电子设备采用了上海西屋控制系统有限公司的OVATION系统，液压系统采用了哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司成套的高压抗燃油EH装置。本说明书仅涉及DEH电气部分，液压部分请参考相关资料。The steam turbine, type N3

3、00-16.7/538/538, manufactured by HTC is tandem compound, single reheat, regenerative, double exhaust, condensing, multi-cylinder design with combined HP-IP and separate LP casing, 3000 rpm speed, directly coupled with Generator. One boiler feeding one steam turbine thermodynamic system is applied to

4、 the power plant. The steam turbine rolls up and accelerates controlled by throttle valves (i.e. TV control mode). At 2900 rpm, control of speed is transferred from the throttle valves (TV control mode) to the governor valves (GV control mode). Each unit is equipped with two throttle valves (TV), si

5、x governor valves (GV), two reheat stop valves (RSV) and two interceptor valves (IV). Start up and operation mode: be capable of start up on TV control mode and operation on constant pressure-sliding pressure-constant pressure mode.Load carrying: be capable of operation on rated load or on peaking l

6、oad service either.Tolerant frequency swing rang: 48.550.5 HZ.Bypass configuration and size: 30%-MCR HP and LP simplified bypass in series.Rated load: 300MWRated inlet steam pressure of main stop valve (MSV, i.e. TV): 16.7MPa (a)Rated inlet steam temperature of main stop valve: 538 Inlet steam flow

7、of main stop valve: 889.87 T/HExtraction steam pressure: 0.2450.785MPaInlet steam pressure of reheat stop valve (RSV): 3.228MPa (a)Inlet steam temperature of main stop valve: 538 Inlet steam flow of reheat stop valve: 741.76 T/HRated back pressure: 4.5kPa (a)Turbine serial number: 73BDigital electro

8、-hydraulic control system (DEH) equipped with high pressure fire-resistant fluid system is applied to 300MW turbine. Ovation system supplied by shanghai Westinghouse is used for DEH system as hardware. EH fluid system is designed and supplied by HTC.This system design description (SDD) concerns DEH

9、system only. EH fluid system refers to relevant documents.2.系统配置及组成DEH system configuration and modulesDEH控制系统均采用了上海西屋控制系统有限公司的OVATION系统。DEH由两个控制柜(DPU41/91、DPU42/92);一个继电器柜;一套Ovation 工程师/高性能工具库工作站；一套Ovation操作员工作站组成。Ovation控制器建立在开放的工业标准基础之上，是最有效的工业过程控制器。由于在系统心脏配有英特尔奔腾处理器，Ovation 控制器能使发展极为迅速的微处理技术容易地结

10、合进系统中。Ovation控制器执行简单或复杂地调节和顺序控制策略，能实现数据获取功能，可以与网络及I/O子系统连接。标准化地PC 结构和无源的PCI/ISA总线接口使控制器可以与其他标准PC产品的即插即用操作、运行相兼容。高性能的Ovation工作站工作环境为带有Solaris操作系统的SUN 工作站。工程师站、操作员站均采用该平台。Ovation 工程师/高性能工具库工作站提供现代化过程控制系统所要求的可靠性、高性能和灵活性，基于WIONDOWS 或UNIX的Ovation 工程师/高性能工具库工作站与Ovation 网络完全匹配，最大容量可达点。正常操作遵循Ovation安全系统规则。O

11、vation 工程师/高性能工具库服务器将所有工程师功能综合到一个单独的工作站内。它包括：l 系统软件服务器l 高性能工具数据库l 高性能工具库l 操作员功能l 各种工程师功能等与Ovation 工程师/高性能工具库工作站相同，Ovation 操作员工作站也是基于WIONDOWS 或UNIX的工作站，并与Ovation 网络完全匹配，最大容量可达点。正常操作同样遵循Ovation安全系统规则。Ovation 操作员工作站对控制图形、诊断、趋势、报警和工厂状态显示提供一个高分别率的窗口。用户通过操作员工作站可访问动态系统测点及历史数据、综合信息、标准功能显示、事件记录和复杂报警管理程序。操作员工

12、作站通过高速网络提供准确、连续的过程信息。Ovation操作员工作站具有以下功能：l 过程图监视与操作l 报警管理l 趋势显示l 测点信息/测点检查l 操作员事件报告The DEH system for this project is an Ovation based Distributed Control System (DCS). DEH system is furnished with software package and hardware. DEH system consists of two redundant Ovation controllers, two cabinets

13、used for Ovation controllers, one relay extension cabinet, one Ovation Engineer/Power Tools workstation and one operator workstation.Based on open industry standards, the Ovation Controller is the industrys most powerful process controller. With an Intel Pentium PC at its heart, the Ovation Controll

14、er allows rapidly advancing microprocessor technology to be easily integrated into the system. The Ovation controller executes simple or complex modulating and sequential strategies, performs data acquisition functions, and interfaces to the Ovation Network and I/O subsystem. Standard PC architectur

15、e and passive PCI/ISA bus interface makes the Controller compatible for plug-and-play operation with other standard PC products. Ovation Workstations are available in Windows-based and UNIX based Sun Solaris versions, offering an unprecedented level of performance. These platforms can serve as eithe

16、r operator or engineer workstations. The Ovation workstations offer our customers the stability, power, and flexibility they need to operate their process control systems of modernization. Windows-based or UNIX-based Ovation Engineer/Power Tools workstations are fully compatible with the Ovation net

17、work with access up to 200,000 points. General operation is conducted under limits defined in the Ovation security system. The Ovation Engineer/Power Tools server combines all Engineer functionality into a single workstation. Following software severs and power tools are included:l System software s

18、erverl Power tools databasel Power toolsl Operator functionsl All engineer functionalitySame with the Ovation Engineer/Power Tools workstation, WINDOWS-based or UNIX-based Ovation operator workstations are fully compatible with the Ovation network with access up to 200,000 points. General operation

19、is conducted under limits defined in the Ovation security system either. Ovations operator workstation provides a high resolution window to the process through control graphics, diagnostics, trending, alarms and plant status displays. The Ovation operator workstation provides access of dynamic syste

20、m points, displays historical data, general messages, logs process events, and monitors plant operations through a sophisticated alarm management system. The Ovation operator workstation communicates via a high speed network, providing accurate, continuous process information. Standard operator work

21、station functions are as follows:l Process Diagram Systeml Alarm Managementl Trendingl Point Informationl Point Reviewl Operator Event Messaging2.1模件Ovation I/O modulesDEH一共配置了33块模件，这些模件安装在DPU41/91、DPU42/92机柜内。电子模块特性模块数量名称用途1C31194G011C31197G0110阀定位模块控制电液伺服阀1C31189G011C31192G013速度检测器模块转速测量1C31234G01

22、1C31238H013数字量输入模块开关量输入1C31122G011C31125G022数字量输出模块开关量输出5X00058G015X00059G014模拟量输入模块（HART）模拟量输入（420mA）1C31129G031C31132G012模拟量输出模块模拟量输出（420mA）5X00119G015X00121G014热电阻输入模块温度信号输入（RTD）5X00070G041C31116G045热电偶输入模块温度信号输入（TC）The DEH system is equipped with 32 modules totally mounted in the cabinets of DPU

23、41/91 and DPU42/92. 2.1.1阀定位模块 Valve Positioner ModuleOvation阀定位I/O模块提供汽轮机可调蒸汽阀门闭环位置控制。I/O模块为电液伺服阀执行器和Ovation控制器之间的接口。主汽阀、高压调节阀及再热调节阀均由阀定位模块控制。它实际上是一块智能I/O模件，通过其上的处理器完成蒸汽阀门的精确定位控制。阀定位模块可以设定阀的位置设定值，通常这是Ovation控制器来完成的。在模块内部，微处理器提供实时阀位的闭环PI(比例积分)控制，阀位设定值引起I/O模块产生冗余输出控制信号，这些控制信号驱动电液伺服阀执行器上的线圈，和安装在阀杆上的LV

24、DT而检测到的阀位信号一起构成闭环回路。每块控制一个可调蒸汽阀门（modulated steam valve），因此DEH配置了10阀定位模块：TV2、GV6、IV2。The Ovation Valve Positioner I/O module provides closed loop position control of a steam turbine valve. The I/O module serves as the interface between the Ovation Controller and an electro-hydraulic servo valve actua

25、tor. Valve styles controlled by this module include throttle, governor and interceptor. The Ovation Valve Positioner I/O module is a smart module. Precise position control is implemented by built-in micro-controller. The Ovation Valve Positioner module maintains a valve position set point, normally

26、determined by the Ovation Controller. Within the module, the micro-controller provides closed loop proportional-plus-integral (PI) control for real time valve position control. The Valve position set point causes the I/O module to generate redundant output control signals. These output signals drive

27、 the electro-hydraulic servo valve actuators coils. The feedback loop is closed with the valves position measurement which is obtained from an LVDT mounted on the valve stem. One Valve Positioner module controls one modulated steam valve and thereby, ten Valve Positioner modules are supplied for one

28、 steam turbine according to the layout of servo valve actuators (Viz. TVX2, GVX6, IVX2). 速度检测器模块Speed Detector ModuleOvation速度检测器I/O模块通过检测安装在汽轮机前箱内磁阻式转速探头输出信号的频率而得到汽轮机的转速。它将磁阻式转速探头输出信号的频率转换成16bit 和32 bit二进制数，16 bit输出值，以5ms速度更新信息，用来检测汽轮机的转速。32 bit输出值，也以适当的速度更新数据，控制汽轮机的转速。速度检测器模块由一个现场卡和一个逻辑卡组成。现场卡内有一个

29、信号处理电路，用来读取转速探头送来的脉冲输入信号。在转速探头和逻辑卡信号之间采用光电耦合器连接使信号之间电子隔离。现场卡内的电路可以检测在低阻抗源（小于5000欧姆）时回路的开路状态。逻辑卡提供所有的逻辑功能，包括将从现场卡接收的转速信号转换成Ovation系统可以读入的16bit 或32 bit信号。每块接受一路转速脉冲信号，因此DEH配置了三块转速测量模件。The Ovation Speed Detector I/O module determines the speed of turbine by the frequency of the magnetic speed pickup ou

30、tput signal. It converts magnetic speed pickup output frequency into 16 bit and 32 bit binary numbers. The 16 bit output, updated at a rate of 5ms detects turbine over speed and the 32 bit output, updated at a variable rate, regulates turbine speed.The Speed Detector module consists of a field card

31、and a logic card. The field card contains signal conditioning circuitry for reading magnetic speed pickup signals, which can be sinusoidal or pulse train inputs. Opto coupler are used to provide electrical isolation between the magnetic speed pickup and logic card signals circuitry is provided withi

32、n the field card to detect open wire conditions for low resistance source, less than 5000 Ohms.The logic card provides all function logic, which converts magnetic speed pickup signals received from the field card to either 16 or 32 bit signals that can be read by the Ovation system. One Speed Detect

33、or I/O module receives one way pulse signal and thereby, three Speed Detector I/O modules are supplied for one steam turbine according to the layout of speed detectors. 2.1.3数字量输入模块Ovation数字量输入系统带有电子模块和相应的特性模块。特性：数字量输入模块的通道为16路开关量（干接点）查询电压为48VDC2.1.4数字量输出模块特性：为16路开关量输出子模块2.1.5模拟量输入模块（带有HART功能） 特性：为8

34、路模拟量输入模块，专门用于420mA或15VDC模拟量输入测量通过不同的接线方式，可实现电流输入方式（外部提供24VDC）或者变送器输入方式（机柜内部提供24VDC）。2.1.6模拟量输出模块 特性：为4路模拟量输出模块，专门用于420mA信号输出2.1.7热电阻输入模块 特性：为8路热电阻输入模块，专门用于热电阻（RTD）温度信号测量。2.1.8热电偶输入模块 特性：为8路热电偶输入模块，专门用于热电偶（TC）温度信号测量。Digital Input ModuleFeatures:The Ovation Digital Input System is furnished with elect

35、ronics module and corresponding personality module. 16 individually isolated inputs (un-wetted contact) for per digital input module 48VDC wetting power supplyDigital Output ModuleFeatures:16 individually isolated outputs for per digital output moduleAnalog Input Module（HART）Features:8 individually

36、isolated inputs for per analog input moduleInput range 4 to 20mA and 1to 5VDC are both available for analog output moduleField powered current input connections (external 24VDC) and locally powered input connections (internal 24VDC) can be conducted under different connection methodsAnalog Output Mo

37、duleFeatures:16 individually isolated outputs for per analog output module Output range 4 to 20mA is available only for analog output moduleRTD Input ModuleFeatures:8 individually isolated inputs for per RTD input module used for resistance temperature signal detecting only Thermal couple Input Modu

38、leFeatures:8 individually isolated inputs for per thermal couple input module used for thermal couple signal detecting only3. 系统设计原则l 系统符合“故障-安全”设计准则，当系统失电时保证可靠停机，并对可能的误操作应采取有效的防范措施。l 系统具有自诊断、自恢复和抗干扰能力。l 控制系统依据分层、分散控制原则，除了控制器冗余外，对重要的I/O信号和I/O模件也进行冗余配置。l 冗余的高速通讯网络保证信息通畅，并具有与DCS的通讯接口。l 除满足机组启动运行控制要求外，

39、系统具有足够的I/O裕量和能力以便未来进行功能扩展。l 硬件选择力求可靠、先进。l 功能设计应符合标准化、通用化、模块化的原则。l 操作站设计符合人机工程学要求，人机界面友好，信息丰富，操作简便可靠。System design principlesl In compliance with fail safe rule, the system should provide effective provisions for conceivable mal-operation and ensures a safe shutdown of the turbine against system powe

40、r lost. l Abilities of self-diagnosis, self-recovery and anti-interferencel As per the rule of hierarchical structure control and distributed control, In addition to the controller, configuration of those vital I/O signals is redundant either. l Redundant fast communication network provides uninterr

41、upted flow of process data and offers communication interfaces with DCS.l In addition to meeting the requirements of normal start up and operation control, the system should be capable of being expanded with enough I/O margin.l Keep pursuing reliability and advance of hardware selectionl Function de

42、sign should be in compliance with standardization, generalization and modularizationl Operator workstation design should be in compliance with requirements of man machine engineering， offering friendly man machine interface, abundant messages, reliable and easy handling.4. DEH控制功能Digital Electro-Hyd

43、raulic Control System Functions DEH主要控制汽轮机转速和功率。通过控制TV、GV、IV和RSV，能够实现从汽机盘车、挂闸、冲转、暖机、进汽阀切换、同期并网、带初负荷到带全负荷的全程自动控制。同时，具备防止汽机超速的保护逻辑。DEH控制功能分别由两对冗余的控制器实现，即基本控制和自启停（包括转子应力计算）。The Digital Electro-Hydraulic Control System (DEH) performs two main functions: control of turbine speed, and control of turbine l

44、oad. The turbine is brought up to rated load automatically through the control procedures of rolling off turning gear, latching the turbine, rolling up, heat soaking, TV/GV transferring, synchronizing and initial load loading by opening throttle valves, governor valves, reheat strop valve and interc

45、eptor valves. Meanwhile, protection logic against turbine overspeed is also provided. Two redundant controllers are offered to DEH system.4.1超速保护部分Overspeed Protection Control (OPC)超速保护部分的主要作用是提供转速三选二、油开关状态及汽机自动停机挂闸（ASL）状态三选二、超速保护逻辑、超速试验选择逻辑以及DEH跳闸逻辑，它控制着OPC电磁阀，同时汇总DEH相关跳闸信号后通过硬接线送ETS。 Overspeed Pro

46、tection Control provides 2 out of 3 voting logics to vital inputs such as the turbine speed, generator breaker and auto stop latch (ASL). In addition, overspeed protection logic, overspeed test logic and DEH trip logic are offered either. It controls OPC solenoids and sends summarized DEH appropriat

47、e ection logic, overspeed test and DEH trip logico trip signals by hardwire to ETS simultaneously.4.1.1系统转速选择Turbine Speed Selection转速三选二实际上是三取中逻辑，如图4.1所示。该逻辑容许在三个信号中的两个相等的情况下，确保信号的精确测量。即当一个信号失效的情况发生时，算法块取剩余两个有效信号的平均值，同时发出报警信号告知操作员出现了失效或不可靠的测点。2 out of 3 voting logic of turbine speed is median signa

48、l selection actually, shown in Figure 4-1. This smart logic ensures accurate signal measurement by requiring at least two of the three inputs to equal one another within a configurable tolerance. This logic becomes particularly useful when one of the three inputs fails. In this instance, the algorit

49、hm calculates the average of the remaining two good signals and an alarm is triggered to inform the operator of the failed or unreliable input.图4.1三选二逻辑Median Signal Selection Logic当出现以下情况时认为系统转速信号故障：l 任意两路转速故障l 一路转速故障，另外两路转速偏差大l 三路转速互不相同发生系统转速故障后，在未并网的情况下DEH将停机信号送ETS。Under following conditions, the

50、 selected speed is set in failure:1. When there are any two speed pickups in failure.2. When there is one speed pickups in failure, and there is a control deviation alarm between the two speed pickups.3. When all three speed pickups are in control deviation with each other.If any of abovementioned c

51、onditions occurs and the unit is not synchronized, DEH should trip the turbine via ETS.4.1.2油开关状态 Generator breaker StatusDEH判断机组是否并网的唯一根据是油开关状态，因此该信号的重要性不言而喻。因此，DEH程序对合闸信号采取三取二逻辑来可靠地判别机组状态。基于同样的原因，DEH判断汽机是否挂闸也是通过对AST母管压力的三取二实现的。Generator breaker status is the most important and exclusive signal use

52、d for identifying whether the unit is synchronized or not. 2 out of 3 voting logic is applied to the three generator breaker status signals to ensure the reliable acknowledgement of the unit situation. Based on same reason, applying the same logic to auto stop trip (AST) header pressure signals to i

53、dentify whether the turbine is latched or not.4.1.3超速保护Overspeed Protection Control Function 超速保护（OPC）通过控制OPC电磁阀快速关闭GV和IV，有效防止汽轮机转速飞升，并将转速维持在3000RPM。它实际上由两部分组成：并网前转速大于103保护和并网后甩负荷预感器（LDA）。并网前以下条件引起OPC保护动作：l 未进行电气超速或者机械超速试验转速超过3090RPM发电机解列瞬间如果中压缸排汽压力（IEP）大于额定值的30或者该测点发生故障，则无论此时转速是否超过3090RPM，OPC电磁阀都要动

54、作2秒，甩负荷预感器在延迟时间结束而且转速小于103时将复位。When the turbine speed exceeds 103 percent of rated speed or loses the complete load, Overspeed Protection Control (OPC) closes governor valves and interceptor valves rapidly by energizing the OPC solenoids to prevent the turbine from speed overshooting effectively. Ov

55、erspeed Protection Control (OPC) is achieved by the Overspeed function (turbine speed exceeds 103 percenet of rated speed, prior to synchronizing) and the Load Drop Anticipator of overspeed-complete loss of load function (LDA).Prior to synchronizing, OPC solenoids are energized caused by following c

56、onditions:l With the turbine off-line, the turbine speed exceeds 3090rpm, without electrical overspeed test or mechanical overspeed test in progressAt the moment of generator breaker opens, LDA is set requesting OPC action. All governor and interceptor valves are then rapidly closed when the IP exha

57、ust pressure (IEP) is greater than 30 percent of rated pressure or the IEP signal is failed, the LDA function will hold the Governor and Intercept valves closed for a time delay (2 seconds) regardless of whether the turbine speed exceeds 3090rpm or not. The Load Drop Anticipator reset is determined by the speed being less than 103 percent and an elapsed time 4.1.4DEH跳闸 DEH Trip Function300MW汽轮机跳闸功能是由ETS控制AST电磁阀实现了，DEH只汇总以下的跳闸条件并将其送往ETS系统：l 并网前系统转速故障或者超速（大于3300RPM）l 控制器故障(包含DEH失电)DEH summarizes following trip signals a