[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟520

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟520专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟520专业八级分类模拟520WRITING问题:1. According to a recent survey of Chinese women, a majority of mothers born after 1990 want to be stay-at-home rooms. Many women are aware of the challenges of motherhood, especially when they have to juggle a full-time job outside. Whi

2、ch is worthwhile, being a full-time working morn or a stay-at-home morn? The followings are opinions from two sides. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from two sides; 2. give your comment. Stay-at-home morns Catherine (China): I love b

3、eing a stay-at-home morn. In the beginning, it was truly rough for me to shift from being a workaholic to staying at home. Yet, I did not want my child to grow up with both parents at work. So after discussing it with my husband, we decided that I would be the one to stay at home. Now, our daughter

4、is soon to be 3 years old, and she has an amazing personality. Its not for everyone but it is very rewarding in the long haul. Celina (the US): Being a stay-at-home morn isnt always easy, but it is worth it! I wouldnt trade staying at home with my kids for anything in the world. Being there with my

5、children means they are getting the exact love and care I want them to have. We do not have a lot of money, but weve sacrificed a lot to make it possible. The benefits for our children and our family outweigh any sacrifice. Danireich (the UK): I think what matters is happiness in whatever path that

6、youve chosen. It really depends what is best for you and your family. I am a stay-at-home morn and the main reason why I stay at home with my children is that it makes me happy to take care of them and see them grow up right before my eyes. I want to be there every time they need me and I love. I do

7、nt think working is best for me because I would not be able to concentrate and be productive at work thinking of my children. Everyone is different so whether you are a stay-at-home morn or a working morn, you provide the need of your child according to what you think is best for your family. The im

8、portant thing is youre happy and wont regret your decision now and forever. Working morns Cynthia (the US): Sometimes I think we shouldnt give up our careers. And sometimes Im jealous of the morns who get to stay at home or at least work part time. Im the breadwinner so that will never be an option

9、for me. I have the career and title Ive always wanted but now I cant help hut think its at the expense of precious time with my family. Sassy (Canada): Taking care of children is a temporary job, and children will grow up and leave. The longer women are out of the workplace, the harder it is to ente

10、r it. Women need to realize and accept that you do not want to be dependent on anyone for basic food, clothes or shelter. It has been hard to work and take care of my kids but I make it work. Brittany (the UK): It never crossed my mind to be a stay-at-home parent. My morn was an amazing role model.

11、If morn never works out of the house like dad does, then what example does that set? Other than one day I can grow up and stay at home! Parents need to teach their kids the work ethic. That simply cant happen if one parent is at home full time. IuvuJus (Australia): I am a working morn, with a 6-year

12、-old boy and a 5-year-old boy. I treasure both my family life and work life. I am very competitive so working gives me confidence that I think makes me a better morn and role model for my two boys. 答案:范文 Being a Full-time Working Morn or a Stay-at-home Mom? Women have struggled with the decision of

13、whether to return to work after having children or not for a long time. The tendency is getting stronger among young mothers nowadays in China, as to which, peoples opinions vary greatly. Most morns who stay at home choose to give up their careers for the sake of their children. They state that any

14、sacrifice is worthy regarding to the growth of their children and the benefits of the family. Besides, participating in the process of childrens growth deserves any sacrifice. But they also remind mothers to make the prudent decision before choosing to stay at home. Contrary to stay-at-home moms, fo

15、r full-time working women, the choice is a much more wrenching question and they have more considerations. Because of not being able to accompany their family more, some of them do feel guilty. But most others are determined to work outside out of their personal preferences, the influence of their m

16、others, or the consciousness of female independence, etc. Weighing all the positive and negative aspects, I still stand for the point that women should have their own careers. First of all, employed mothers create a better environment, which affects their childrens understanding of the real sense of

17、 self-realization and personal values to the society. This is exactly what a stay-at-home mother couldnt do. Whats more, a working mother sets an example for her children in terms of gender roles. It is said that girls of an employed mother are more likely to take up the leadership in the workplace

18、and boys to respect women more in marriage. Last but not the least, the confidence and broad sight of a working mother are easily passed onto their children. A study conducted by Harvard said that children of a working mother tend to reap more success in their careers, receive higher pay and have mo

19、re balanced relationships in marriage. In conclusion, I strongly hold the opinion that being a working mother has more advantages than being a stay-at-home mother. But I dont mean that every mother should work outside. What matters is that the decision is her own choice and she would not regret it n

20、ow and forever. 问题:2. 题目要求：Animal research, including medical research, toxicology testing, and psychological research involving animal subjects, has been used for several centuries as part of our efforts to better understand the world around us. Should animal testing be banned? The following are op

21、inions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to

22、 follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Clark: Animals have a right not to be harmed. The differences between us and other vertebrates (脊椎动物) are a matter of degree rather than kind. If we accept as true for the sake of argument, that all humans have a right not to be harmed, s

23、imply by virtue of existing as a being of moral worth, then we must ask what makes animals so different. If animals can feel what we feel, and suffer as we suffer, then to discriminate merely on the arbitrary difference of belonging to a different species, is analogous to discriminating on the basis

24、 of any other morally arbitrary characteristic, such as race or sex. If sexual and racial moral discrimination is wrong, then so is speciesism. Frey: Animals rights are of less moral worth than human rights. Animal lives and human lives are of unequal value. This is due to the fact that no animal po

25、ssesses all of these characteristics to the same degree as the average human, or even comes particularly close. Thus any rights ascribed to animals should be truncated relative to the rights we ascribe to humans. Therefore animals should not rightly possess the same rights to not be experimented upo

26、n as humans might. To the extent to which causing some harm to animals brings great benefits to humans, we are morally justified in creating some moral harm, to achieve a far greater moral good. Peta: Research can be done effectively without experimenting on living creatures. Science and technology

27、has moved faster than research protocols, however, and so there is no longer a need for animals to be experimented on. The previous necessity of the use of animals is no longer a good excuse for continued use of animals for research. We would still retain all the benefits that previous animal resear

28、ch has brought to us but should not engage in any more. Thus modern research has no excuse for using animals. Tia: Animal research is necessary for the development of truly novel substances. After the effects, side effects and more complex interactions of a drug have been confirmed using animal and

29、non-animal testing, it will usually pass to what is called a phase I clinical trialtests on human volunteers to confirm how the drug will interact with human physiology and what dosages it should be administered in. The risk of a human volunteer involved in a phase I trial being harmed is extremely

30、small, but only because animal tests, along with non-animal screening methods are a highly effective way of ensuring that dangerous novel drugs are not administered to humans. In the United Kingdom, over the past twenty years or more, there have been no human deaths as a result of phase I clinical t

31、rial. Beth: It would send a positive social message, increasing animal welfare rights more generally in society. This creates a clear moral tension, as one group within society is able to inflect what to any other group would be illegal suffering and cruelty toward animals. If states are serious abo

32、ut persuading people against cock fighting, dancing bears, and the simple maltreatment of pets and farm animals, then such goals would be enhanced by a more consistent legal position about the treatment of animals by everyone in society. 答案:范文 Should Animal Testing Be Banned? As quoted from Descarte

33、s, an influential French philosopher in the Enlightenment, human beings are the master and owner of the nature, while animals are animated machines. Therefore in the traditions of western medicine animals are harnessed to be tested in diversified fields. However, this brutal action of manipulating a

34、nimals for the sake of human beings own interests has been challenged and condemned by animal rights campaigners, as it deprives the unalienable rights of animals, and it would fan the flames of aggressiveness into human beings themselves. One argument in favor of animal testing asserts that human b

35、eings are chosen to be predominated species, whose interests outweigh those of other animals in the pyramid of food chain. Nevertheless, others hold that differences among all species are arbitrarily predisposed, instead of morally justified caste differentiation. Animals are endowed with the unalie

36、nable rights just as human beings, such as the right of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness, as they do have the same emotional needs for these rights. The pet-keepers would unanimously agree that animals are the same as, at least, or far beyond human beings, especially when the keepers are entru

37、sted by the need for stroking the belly of puppies, even ashamed by the burst of tears from cows being slaughtered. Furthermore, every year in the world famous fashion shows renowned for the fur clothing, in Paris or Milan, witness animal rights activities asserting their opposition to the action th

38、at animals are abused for human beings interests. The aggressiveness manifested in animal testing would be intensified to abuse the same species of human beings, because the final judgment for human beings morals can solely be projected in their relations with the powerless group, like dominated ani

39、mals or the unarmed human beings themselves. One good case in point is that well-documented prisoners of war from Allied Forces, like China, America, Britain, Australia, were tested ghastly in camps of occupied Manchoulia in China, or Rabaul in New Guinea by Japanese army in World War . All in all,

40、the wheel in the name of medical technology on animal testing shall be halted, as it strips the powerless animals of their basic rights, and inevitably those of the human beings, as human beings are also part of the nature. 问题:3. 是否该要求学生穿校服 The following two excerpts are about school uniform, a unif

41、orm that is worn by students primarily for a school or otherwise educational institution. From the excerpts, you can find that school uniforms have both supporters and opponents. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the opinions from both sides briefly, and t

42、hen 2. express your opinion towards school uniforms, especially whether schools should require their students to wear school uniforms. Excerpt 1 It is difficult to trace the origins of uniforms as there is no comprehensive written history but rather a variety of known influences.Although uniforms ca

43、n often be considered conservative andold-fashioned, uniforms in recent years have changed as societaldress codes have changed. Little is known prior to the nineteenthcentury about uniforms, but there certainly are influences datingback to the 13th century. In 1222, the Archbishop of Canterbury orde

44、redmonks to wear a specific monastic form of dress. Despite thisexample, the roots of the modern day uniform come mostly fromthe collegiate uniforms in England. Universities, primary schools andsecondary schools used uniforms as a marker of class and status,which in turn served as a boundary. As ear

45、ly as the sixteenth century,uniforms were utilised and became more specific as variousfashion trends became undesirable to the university.Traditionally favored by private institutions, school uniforms arebeing adopted by US public schools in increasing numbers. Almostone in five US public schools re

46、quired students to wear uniformsduring the 2011-2012 school year, up from one in eight in 2003-2004.Mandatory uniform policies in public schools are found morecommonly in high-poverty areas.Proponents say that school uniforms make schools safer forstudents, create a level playing field that reduces

47、socioeconomicdisparities, and encourage children to focus on their studies ratherthan their clothes. Excerpt 2 The opposing side of uniforms have claimed their ineffectiveness using a variety of justifications, a variety of which have researchsupporting them. Some of the cons to school uniforms incl

48、ude thefollowing concerns: The primary concern with school uniforms orstrict dress codes is that it limits the ability of the student to expressthemselves. Clothing is viewed as a mean of expression. Makingall students wear the same clothes or limiting them to whatthey can wear can disrupt their sen

49、se of identity.Another negative aspect of school uniforms is that it may havea detrimental effect on students self-image. When students have towear the same outfits, rather than being allowed to select clothesthat suit their body types, they can suffer embarrassment at school.Child and teen developm

50、ent specialist Robyn Silverman said thatstudents, especially girls, tend to compare how each other looks intheir uniforms: As a body image expert, I hear from students allthe time that they feel it allows for a tot of comparison.So if youhave a body thats a plus-size body, a very tall body, a very s

51、hortbody, those girls often feel that they dont look their best.答案:范文 Say Yes to School Uniforms Love it or loathe it, school uniforms are a part of growing up for countless children around the world. And as for supporters of school uniforms, they spot many positive implications, namely making schoo

52、ls safer for students, creating a level playing field that reduces socioeconomic disparities, etc. Naturally there also exit opponents who have claimed ineffectiveness of school uniforms using a variety of justifications. In my opinion, the advantages of school uniforms outweigh its disadvantages. T

53、herefore, schools, especially elementary and middle schools, should require their students to wear uniforms. Firstly, it is admitted that a safe and disciplined learning environment is the first requirement of a good school. School uniforms are one positive and creative way to achieve this kind of e

54、nvironment. School uniforms help students be aware of their identity of being a student, and thus help to create a strong sense of school ethos and a sense of belonging to a particular community. As such they help to cultivate conformity in student attitudes and drive up academic standards. Secondly

55、, uniforms act as a kind of social leveler, under which all students are equal in the eyes of the school and of each other. In institutions without uniforms students are often competitive and worry endlessly about their appearance and the clothes they should wear. Pupils without expensive clothes ma

56、y be singled out as social outcasts, or laughed at as being from poor backgrounds. For these reasons many parents prefer uniforms as they save them money on buying clothes for school wear. Thirdly, uniforms make it easy to check that every student maintains a smart appearance and is dressed appropri

57、ately. In schools where students are allowed to dress as they like, a constant battle has to be fought by staff to ensure that what the students choose to wear is not inappropriate, not too revealing, and not with offensive slogans, etc. In short, school uniforms provide quite a few advantages to sc

58、hools as well as to students themselves. It is essential for schools to require their students to wear uniforms. 问题:4. 题目要求：A resignation letter by a middle school teacher who wrote, the world is so big that I want to have a look, has fueled online debate. If you had a decent job, would you quit it to travel? Why or why not? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response