现在完成时态

1、现在完成时态 详细讲解及其练习一、现在完成时 由“have/has过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：表示过去发生的动作对现 在造成的影响和结果， 常用的时间状语有 many times， just， yet， ever， never， just， already， so far, by now 等。I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。 (现在我对它不感兴趣了) Have you found your lost pen yet?No, I haven t found it y我很着急)表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持

2、续下去。用于延续性动词，常常与so far for或者since短语连用。si nee +时间点/从句，for +时间段，女口 for two mon ths 等。二、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别1) 现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现 在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；2) 而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作， 且这一动作到说话时已终止。 因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如： in1949，yesterday，last week 等的状语连用， 并且用 when 或 where 对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一

3、般只用一般过去时。三、 在 “it is first/second.time that.。或在 “it/this/that is the +最高级 + 名词 +that.。结构中， that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be .+si nee从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在 时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某 一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I havent seen him for two years.但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示 “一

4、段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改 为“be(在)等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换arrive 宀 be here die 宀 be deadbegi n( start)ben come back beback fallill(sick,asleep)ill(駅Ibasleep) leave be away get up be up finish beover open be open close be closed borrowkeep或 be on be in或 be a memberof go to school t bea student buy hav

5、e catch(a cold) h ave(a cold) begin to study t study get to knowt knovcome to work t work等女口： He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。His father has bee n dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已开始十分钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。几点注意事项(1)

6、 have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示 去过某地(现在已经回来了) ”可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”常用于第三人称，前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。He has bee n to Beiji ng.他去过北京(已经回来了)He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 (还没有回来)have/has been in 待在某地如： They have been in Beijing. 他们呆在北京。(2) 终止性动词现在完成

7、时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段 时间的状语连 用。如：I havent left here since 1997. 自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 现在完成时态练习题一 选择填空。( ) 2. Her father in1990 and her husband for more than five years.(A) died ,dead (B) has died, dead(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has died( ) 3. I have this nice watch for two years.

8、(A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lend( ) 4.He his home for ten years.(A)has left (B)left from(C)has been away from (D)was away from( ) 5.He a league member for three years(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become( ) 6.Lihuas brother has for two years(A)joined the army (C)become a soldier(B)

9、been an army (D)been in the army( ) 7.He hasnt Quanzhou ever since he left school(A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away二 选择填空( ) 1. Have you finished your homework Yes, I it last night(A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish( ) 2. you ever to Nanjing Yes, I there last year.(A)Have gone,

10、 have gone (B)Did go, ave been , went (D)Didgo, has , been )( ) 3.When you Lucy in New York? I her for two years(A) did meet, havent seen (B)did meet, dont see(C) have met,havent seen( ) 4.He finished his homework yet .( A) didn(tB)haven t(C) hasn t(D) doesn t have( )5.Have you traveled on the banch

11、? Yes, I have.(A)just (B)yet C)never (D)ever( )6.Have you finished your homework Not(A)ever (B)already . (C)yet (D)just .( ) 7 We havent finished our homework ， .(A) already ( (B)ever (C)yet (D)never( )8.Have youlearned English? Yes, Ive learned a lot.(A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (

12、D)already. ever( ) 9.Have you finished your homework ? Yes, Ive done that.(A)yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just( )10.Johns father borrowed some pictures(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already( )1.My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.(A ) about ( (B)for (

13、C)in (D)since( )2. His father joined the party(A)since three years ago (B)in two years time(C)for three years (D)three years ago3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ?A. so they B. don htety C. have they D. haven t they4. We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we here for three years.A. have

14、been to B. have been inC. have been D. have gone5. - How long you your dictionary?- About two months.A. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought6. He tells me he China for over five years. A. has been B. has been inC. has been to D. has gone to China7. has Mr White been a member of Greener

15、 China since he to Nanjing?A. How soon , comes B. How often, gotC. How long , came D. How far, arrived8. His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university9. He has never surfed, ( 改成反意疑问句) ?10. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分

16、提问 ) have they been here?11. The old man last year. He for a year.(die)12. This factory opened twenty years ago.( 改写句子，句意不变 )I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I already (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he (finish) his work today ? Not yet .3. _ you (be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I (be) there twice .4. He just

17、(finish) his homework.5. the young woman ever (travel) to England?6. each of you (read)“ Gone with the wind” yet?7. Have you (get) any new CDs?8. My family have never (be) to Sanya9. They ever (eat) fish and chips.10. I just (lose) my science book.11. Has Tom (finish) his work?12. I have already (re

18、ad) this book.13. She hasnt (return) her book yet.14. you ever (eat ) chocolate sundaes ? No, never.15. My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.16. Where s Li Ming ? He (go) to the teacher s office.17. Shanghai (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it (become) alarge city.18. I

19、(work) here since I (move) here in 1999.19. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.20. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.21. I just (finish) my homework.22. He (go) to school on foot every day.23. you (find) your science book yet?24. If it (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.25. She d

20、oesnt like the children (play) in the room.26. The students (read) English when the teacher came in.27. Look! The monkey (climb) the tree.28. My mother (come) to see me next Sunday.29. How many sheep you (get)? Only one.30. Ive lost my pen. you (see) it anywhere?II. 句型转换 (每空一词 )。1. Miss Zhang has tr

21、aveled to Beijing. (改为否定句)Miss Zhang to Beijing.2、Have you ever wanted to visit the Summer Palace?( 作肯定回答) , I .3、He has answered all the questions(. 对划线部分提问) he ?4、He has found something in the room. (改为一般疑问句) he found in the room ？5、I didnt see him last year. (改为现在完成时)I him for a long time.6、The o

22、ld man dide last year. (同义句改写)He for a year.7、This factory opened twenty years ago. (改写句子，句意不变)This factory for twenty years.8、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (改写句子，句意不变)Miss Gao an hour ago.9、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (改写句子，句意不变) two years the Green Family moved to France.10、The bu

23、s has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago (改写句子，句意不变)11、They have known each other for 6 years ( 改写句子，句意不变)They have known each other6 years12、I bought the bike last yearIthe bike for 13、David has already got something to eat ( 改为否定句)David to eat.14 .I have been to Macau before.( 改为否定句 )I _ been

24、 to Macau before.15 .He hasn t come to school because he s ill ( 就划线部分提问 ) he come toschool?16He has learned English for 5 years.( 就划线部分提问 ) _ learned English ?17.I bough a new bike just now.( 用 just 改写 )I just a new bike.18. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句 )WeEnglishthreeyearsIII.

25、填入 has / have been 或 has / have gone.1. Harry : I saw you in Ann abels Restaura nt last ni ght.Diana : No, it was nt me. I never there.2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, arent they? Where they ?Sue：To Florida, aga in.Sam：How many times they there?Sue： This is their third visit.3. Joe： Can I have

26、an apple, please?Mary : We have nt got any. I not to the shops today.4. Alan : Wheres Tony?Mary : Hes got a headache so he to bed.5. Steve： Can I speak to Jill, please?Lynn : Shes out, Im afraid. She to the cinema this evening.Steve: Aga in? She already to the cin ema three times this week.IV. 用for或

27、si nee填空。1) two years two years ago 2) last month 3) yesterday 4)an hour ago 5)she left here 6)4 o clo8k19999)4 hours 10)lunch time11. He has lived in Nanjingthe year before last.12. I ve known himwe were children.13. Our teacher has studied Japa nesethree years.14. She has bee n away from the citya

28、bout ten years.15. It s about ten years left the city.16. Jill has been in Irela nd Mon day.17. Jill has been in Ireland three days.18. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.19. Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 oclock.20. India has been an independent country 1974.21. The bus is late

29、. Weve been waiting 20 minutes.22. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.23 Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.V. 单项选择1. Li Hong hasthe army for 2 years.A. joi nedB. joi ned toC. bee n inD. joi ned in2. We have bee n friends since.A. childre nB. fi

30、ve yearsC. five years agoD. five years before3. Mikethe story for a mon th.A. Has bought B. Has hadC. had hadD. has borrowed4. Youthat questi on three times.A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already5. Those foreig n friends left Guan gzhou.A. since last weekB. a w

31、eek ago C. for a weekD. since a week ago6. Iat this school for two years already.A. am studyingB. studyC. studied7. They in the city since last summer.A. live B. didn t liveC. have livedD. have studiedD. live8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou 1992.A. since B. from C. afterD. inA. has been toB. has bee

32、n inC. has come toD. came to9. Mr. Black China since the summer of 1998.10. You d better go on English.A. studyB. studied C. studying D. to study11. You have never been to the Great Wall, you?A. doB. don tC. haveD. haven t12. His father for years.A. has diedB. has been deadC. died D. dies13. Mary to

33、 see the films because she it twice.t go, seesA. won t go, sawB. won t go, will see C. won t go, has seen D. didn14. you some more food? Thank you. I enough.A.will haveB. have hadC. Do, have , haveD. Do, have, had15. _ you _ England? Yes, it a beautiful country.A. Will ,gone to, wasB.Have , been to,

34、 isC. had ,been to, isD. Have ,gone to, is16. _ you _ to the capital?-No, I.I _ there early next monthA. Have, been, haven?t t, am goingB. Had, been, hadnt, am goingC. Have, gone, haven t, was going D. Did,go, didn t, was going17. -You sister to London to study English. Is that true?-Yes , she _ the

35、re for two months.A. has been, has beenB. will go, has goneC. gone, will beD. has gone, has been18. Bruce how to use a computer. Hea computer of his own. He it two days agoA. learns, will get, bought C. learned, has got, bought19. -You haven t read the book before, have you?A. Yes , I haven t. B. No

36、, I have.20. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai.A. has gone to B. has been toC. went toB. is learning, has got, bought D. is learning, got, has boughtC. Yes, I do.D. No, I haven t.D. goes to1.John will write to us as soon as he there.A. getsB. will get C. got22.Look, the boy !A. smileB. smiled C. is smiling23. Jane is busy now. She pictures.A. drawsB. drewC. is drawing24. He his homework and is now listening to music.A. finishesB. has finished C. finish25. We are goin