[语言类考试复习资料大全]专升本英语阅读理解分类模拟165

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全专升本英语阅读理解分类模拟165专升本英语阅读理解分类模拟165Reading ComprehensionPassage 1 Tides are created mainly by the pull of the moon on the earth. The moons pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at a point closest to the moon and also at a point farthest from

2、 the moon on the opposite side of the earth. These two tidal waves follow the apparent movement of the moon around the earth and strike nearly every coast line at intervals of about twelve hours and twenty-five minutes. After reaching a high point, the water level goes down gradually for a little mo

3、re than six hours and then begins to rise toward a new high point. Hence, most coast lines have two tides a day and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the time that the tidal wave reaches different points along t

4、he same coast line. The difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon. The sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the tides arise higher and when they pull a

5、t right angles to one another, the tide is lower. The formation of the coast line and variations in the weather are additional factors which can affect the height of tides. Some sections of the coast are shaped in such a way as to cause much higher tides than are experienced in other areas. A strong

6、 wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to the higher. 1. Which of the following is right according to the passage? _A.Some coast lines do not have two tides each day.B.Tides are not affected by the shape of coast line.C.The sun has as much effect on tides as does the moon.D.Tides usuall

7、y rise to the same land day after day.答案:A解析 推理判断题 由文章第五句中“.most coast lines have two tides a day and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. ”可推断并不是所有的海岸线一天都会经历两次潮汐。故选A。 参考译文 潮汐主要是由月球对地球的引力产生的。月亮的引力使近月点处和地球另一端的远月点处海洋的海水略深一些。这两个潮汐波跟着月亮围绕地球转动每隔约十二小时二十五分钟就会撞击海岸线。在到达一个高点后，水位逐渐下降并延续6个多小时，然后又开始上涨并推

8、向一个新的高度。因此，大部分海岸线一天有两个潮汐而且潮汐每天推后50分钟。海岸线的差异和洋底的沟渠可能会改变潮波到达相同海岸线的不同地点的时间。随着太阳和月亮之间相对位置的变化，高低潮之间的水位变化也会逐日不同。太阳也会对地球产生拉力，尽管它只有大约涨潮时拉力的一半强度，当它们在合适的角度相互吸引时，潮水就会变低。海岸线的形状和天气的变化也是另外影响潮汐高度的因素。有些海岸的形状会比别的地方能引起更高的潮水波。吹向岸边的强劲的风也可能导致潮汐变得更高。 2. The time that high tide occurs at a particular place is affected by

9、all of the following EXCEPT _.A.the direction of the windB.channels in the sea bottomC.variations in the coast lineD.the position of the moon答案:A解析 事实细节题 文章第六句中“Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the time that the tidal wave reaches different points along th

10、e same coast line. ”提到了B与C，而第七句“The difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon. ”提到了D，没有提到A。 3. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the pull of the sun on the earth? _A.It is about twice the

11、 pull of the moon.B.It determines the time of high tide.C.It determines the time of low tide.D.It is about half the pull of the moon.答案:D解析 事实细节题 文章第八句“The sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the tides arise higher and when they pull at right

12、angles to one another.”此句关键理解it指代的是“the sun”。 4. The height of the tide is affected by all of the following EXCEPT _.A.the position of the sunB.channels in the sea bottomC.the direction of the windD.variations in the coast line答案:B解析 事实细节题 文章第八句中“.the tides arise higher and when they pull at right a

13、ngles to one another, the tide is lower. ”指的是A；第九句中“The formation of the coast line and variations in the weather are additional factors.”指的是D；最后一句中的“A strong wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to the higher. ”指的是C。只有B没有提到。 5. Tides would _ if the pull of the moon equaled the pull of

14、 the sun.A.be the same height as they are nowB.be of equal height all the timeC.sometimes be higher than they are nowD.no longer be affected by the wind答案:C解析 推理判断题 由文章内容可知，当太阳和月亮在合适的角度相互吸引时，潮水会变低，而太阳的引力只有月亮的一半。据此可推断当太阳和月亮的引力相等时，潮水会涨高。因此正确答案为C。 Passage 2 During the Christmas shopping rush in London,

15、 a story was reported of a tramp (流浪者) who, apparently through no fault of his own, found himself locked in a well-known chain store late on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last-minute Christmas shoppers and the staff were dead beat and longing to get home. Presumably all the prop

16、er security checks were made before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three-day holiday untroubled by customers desperate to get last-minute Christmas presents. However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. There was food, drink, be

17、dding and camping equipment, of which he made good use. There must also have been television sets and radios. Though it was not reported if he took advantage of these facilities, when the shop re-opened, he was discovered in bed with a large number of empty bottles beside him. He seems to have been

18、a man of good humor and philosophic temperamentas indeed tramps very commonly are. Everyone else was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do the same. He submitted (屈服), cheerful enough, to being taken away by the police. Perhaps he had had a better Christmas than usual. He

19、 was sent to prison for seven days. The judge awarded no compensation to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed. They had, in his opinion, already received valuable free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. 1. The tramp was locked

20、 in the store _.A.through an error of his ownB.for security reasonsC.by accidentD.on purpose答案:C解析 事实细节题 文章中说这个流浪者在购物高峰期时被锁在商店里。文章第一句中“.who, apparently through no fault of his own.”，即是选项C的意思。 参考译文 在伦敦圣诞购物的高峰期，据说一个流浪汉，在圣诞前夜发现自己被锁在一家著名的连锁店内，这显然不是因为他自己的错误。毫无疑问，当时商店里挤满了圣诞节最后疯狂购物的顾客，服务员也已筋疲力尽并渴望下班回家。大概在商

21、店锁门前也适当的进行了安全检查，于是他们就离开了，开始享受无忧无虑的三天假期，而疲于应付急于最后时刻购买圣诞礼物的顾客了。 不管怎样，当这位流浪汉发现自己独自一人在店里时，他决定要充分利用这个机会。这里有吃的、喝的、床上用品和宿营设备，他都可以好好的使用。商店里也一定有电视和收音机。虽然没有报道他是否利用了这些设施，但当商店再次开张时，人们发现他躺在一张床上，身边有很多空瓶子。他显示出流浪汉常有的那种神情悠闲的好心情。大家都在欢度圣诞，所以他也没有理由不好好地欢度一下这个节日。他向警察屈服了并且似乎很乐意被带走。也许他今年过了一个比以往都好的圣诞节。他被判入狱七天，法官却没判他赔偿连锁店的食物

22、和饮料。在他看来，连锁店已从报纸和电视对此事的报道中得到了有价值的免费广告宣传。 2. The staff were dead beat in the first paragraph means that they were _.A.woundedB.exhaustedC.irritableD.forgetful答案:B解析 词语理解题 根据上下文来看，商店里人满为患，职工肯定是累坏了，而与wounded(受伤)，irritable(不安的)，forgetful(健忘的)等词无关。 3. What did the tramp do after he had been locked in? _A

23、.He stole some expensive items from the store.B.He made himself at home.C.He kept himself in bed for 3 days.D.He had a Christmas party.答案:B解析 事实细节题 文章第二段开头提到“However that may be, our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to make the best of it. ”与B选项相符。 4. When the tramp was arrested, h

24、e _.A.gave good reasons to protect himselfB.was drunkC.felt rather sadD.seemed to be willing to be taken away答案:D解析 推理判断题 文章第二段第七句中提到“He submitted (屈服), cheerful enough, to being taken away by the police. Perhaps he had a better Christmas than usual. ”可以推出他似乎非常乐意被带走的。因此正确答案为D。 5. The judge did not a

25、ward compensation to the chain store because he thought that _.A.the tramp had stolen nothing of valueB.the store had profited by the incidentC.the tramp deserved a happy ChristmasD.the store was responsible for what had happened答案:B解析 推理判断题 根据文章最后一句话“They had, in his opinion, already received valua

26、ble free publicity from the coverage the story received in the newspapers and on television. ”可知商店因此得到了免费的宣传效应。故选B。宣传。 Passage 3 As suppliers of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many of industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial

27、performance of agriculture is even more important than this, or in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, on

28、e of the factors related most closely to the per capital income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in Western Europe and less tha

29、n 4 percent in the United States. In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment or market structure, within which it functions. In

30、the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure. 1. This passage is most probably _.A.a news itemB.part of an introduction of a bookC.part of a lectureD.an advertisement答案:B解析 推理判断题 由文章倒数第二句“In the follo

31、wing pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. ”可以推断此文是节选自某本书的序言。 参考译文 作为我们食用的大部分食物和许多工业过程中原料的供应者，农业显然是经济发展的一个重要领域。但农业的产业性能更为重要，或者说在一个农业生产率低下的国家，需要更多的劳动人口来提高粮食生产，因此很少有人从事投资货物的生产或进行经济增长所必需的其他活动。事实上，与一个国家人均收入密切相关的因素是从事农业的人口数目。在世界上最贫穷的国家中就有超过一半的人口在农场上工作。相比之下，西欧不到10%，而美国不到4%。 简言之，经济发展的过

32、程一般要基本建立在农民的表现之上。农业的发展又会反过来依靠其自身组织和经济环境及市场结构。在随后的章节中探讨了美国的农业发展。从考虑其市场结构开始是合适的。 2. What is most important to agriculture is _.A.the amount of food it producesB.the per capital income of farmersC.its industrial performanceD.the production of investment goods答案:C解析 事实细节题 根据第一段第二句中“But the industrial pe

33、rformance of agriculture is even more important than this.”可知应选C。 3. The word this in Line 3 refers to _.A.the provision of food and raw materialsB.the productivity of farmersC.the production of investment goodsD.the economy as a whole答案:A解析 词语理解题 由this前面的“As suppliers of most of the food we eat and

34、 of raw materials for many of industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. ”可推断A正确。 4. The performance of farmers essentially determines _.A.the size of the working populationB.the organization of agricultureC.the market structureD.the general development of economy

35、答案:D解析 事实细节题 由第二段第一句“In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. ”可知答案为D。 5. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of _.A.the structure of American farming populationB.the market structure of American agric

36、ultureC.the various functions of American agricultureD.the organization of American agriculture答案:B解析 推理判断题 文章第二段最后两句说到“In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure. ”故选B。 Passage 4 Before 1945, ha

37、rdly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty. Because it was isolated

38、 and because the weather was almost always clear and beautiful; a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the test site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zero. At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed

39、something unlike anything ever seen by men before: a huge colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun, flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one time, nor had any nation ever possessed a weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb. Fo

40、r several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New Mexico. Almost everybody was amazed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts

41、of the Southwest had hidden the secret well. When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in New Mexico desert. Some people doubted that the secret making atomic bombs could be kept from other countr

42、ies. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of warand a new kind of worldhad begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1946. 1. What is the main topic of this passage? _A.The secret of Alamogordo.B.A new kind of war.C.The destructive force of

43、the first atomic bomb.D.The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.答案:A解析 主旨大意题 文章主要记述了阿拉莫戈多的秘密，即它是一个研究原子弹的秘密基地。故A正确。 参考译文 在1945年以前，新墨西哥州以外几乎没有人听说过阿拉莫戈多(美国新墨西哥州南部城市)。在1960年，它的人口共有21723人。自从1898年，阿拉莫戈多在南太平洋铁路边建立之前就一直是个独立的城镇，四周的大部分地方都是空旷的沙漠和大片的空地。 因为所处之地偏僻而且天气条件又很好，阿拉莫戈多附近的一块沙漠被选为第一颗原子弹爆发

44、的测试地点。这个秘密试验的名字叫“零”。 在1945年7月16日的黎明时分，原子弹被引爆了。观察家们说，他们目睹了一些人们之前未曾见过的情景：一个巨大的彩球，比太阳更加辉煌，闪耀着光芒升入空中数英里。人类从来没有一下子释放过这么大的能量，也没有任何一个国家拥有过像原子弹这么可怕和具有巨大破坏力的武器。 几个星期中，这场试验一直是保密的。当一颗原子弹从美国的飞机上投到日本广岛时，整个美国的报纸和广播电台才开始报道新墨西哥的这次试验。每个人都很吃惊地了解到炸弹制造和测试的地点，西南沙漠把秘密藏匿得很严实。 当原子弹以及它的破坏力的消息宣布之后，全世界的人都在猜想新墨西哥沙漠中还在准备些什么其他的新