If虚拟条件句

1、If虚拟条件句If虚拟条件句分三种时态 : 与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。* 条件句有真实条件句与非真实( 虚拟 ) 条件句两种。真实条件句的假设就是有可能发生的 , 而非真实条件句 的假想与事实相反或不大可能会发生,试比较 :If I have time, I will go with them、 假若我有时间 , 我就同她们去。 ( 陈述语气 )If I had time, I woudl go with them、 假若我有时间 , 我就同她们去。 ( 虚拟语气 )这就是对现在事实的虚拟, 事实就是我没有时间, 所以我没有与她们去If 条件句虚拟If引导的从时态类型主句

2、例句句would/s1、If I were you,I should study E动词过去式hould/cnglish 、did与现在事实相反ould/mi2、 I would certa*be 多用 weght+ Vinly go if I hadre原time 、1、 If you had tawould/sken my advice, you would not havehould/cfailed in the tes动词过去完ould/mit 、与过去事实相反成式ght + h2、If I had lefthad doneave dona little earlier,eI woul

3、d have caught the train、1、 If you came to动词过去morrow, we wouldwould/shave the meeting 、式hould/cshould +V与将来事实相反ould/mi2、If it were to原ght + Vrain tomorrow, thwere + to原e meeting would bdoe put off、* 规律总结 : 从句都往过去推一个时态 , 如: 与现在相反的 if 从句就用过去时 ; 与过去相反用过去完成时If虚 条件句( 即过去的过去)注 : 几点特 明1、 l would/should/coul

4、d/might主句 中的should主要用于第一人称后性 ,could;would表示 果 表示 去 常常常做某事表示能力、允 或可能性。比 :,might表示可能If you tried again ,you would succeed、 要就是您再 一 , 您就会成功的。(would表 果)If you tried again, you might succeed、 要就是您再 一 , 您可能会成功的。(might表可能)If you tried again ,you could succeed、 要就是您再 一 , 您就能成功了。 (could表能力 )2、 虚 条件句即条件从句与主句所

5、指 不一致指 去 , 而主句即指的就是 在或将来, 此 根据具体的 境情况上面提到的三种基本 型 作相 的 整:If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now就是昨晚下 雨的 , 在地面就会就是湿的。You would be much better now if you had taken my advice, 如从句, 合、 要、 假若您当 听我的 , 您 在就会好多了。3、 If虚 条件句的否定( 含蓄条件句 )常考两个句型 :Ifitwerentfor 与 If it hadnt been for, 其意 “若不就是( 有

6、) ” “要不就是”。如:If it werent for water, no plant could grow、 要就是没有水植物就无法生 。If it hadnt been for your assistance ,we wouldnt havesucceeded 、=But for your assistance ,we wouldnt have succeeded 、=Without your assistance ,we wouldnt have succeeded 、4、 If虚 条件句的倒装形式, 即把 were, had, should置于句首。例 :Were I in sch

7、ool again (= If I were in school again), I wouldwork harder、Had you asked me, I would have toldyou 、 (=Ifyou had asked me,) 本段 第二 Wish/if only/would ratherl Wish从句就好了愿望与as if(though)好像从句分 动词过去式或were与现在事实相反主语 +wish(that)+主语 +动词过去完成式与过去事实相反If虚 条件句助动词过去式 +动词原形与将来事实相反I wish I were a pop singer 、 (=Iamso

8、rryI am not a pop singer 、 )I wish I had never stopped teaching、 (=I am sorry I stoppedteaching、 )I wish they would let us get some sleep、* wish 与 hope 接 从句的区 在于:hope 表示一般可以 的希望, 从句用 述 气。wish 表示很 或不大可能 的希望, 从句用虚 气。 比 :(1) We hope they will come、 (We dont know if they cancome、 )(2) We wish they could

9、 come、 (We know they are not coming、 )l if only后的句子用虚 气要就是就好了if only 与 I wish 一 , 也用于表示与事 相反的愿望 , 其后所虚 气的 与 wish 后所接 的情况相同 :If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。If only I had listened to my parents!我要就是当 听了父母的 就好了。If only she would go with me!她要就是愿意与我一道去就好了!*if only通常独立使用, 没有主句。l would rather后

10、句子用虚 气只分 在与 去在 would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的 that从句中 ,句子 上要用虚 气,表示 宁愿做什么 ,具体用法 :一般 去 表示 在或将来的愿望I d rather you went tomorrow (now)、我宁愿您明天( 在 ) 去。用 去完成 表 去的愿望I d rather you hadnt said it、我真希望您没有 。l as if (though)从句用虚 气以 as if (as though)引 的 方式状 从句 或表 从句 , 有 用虚 气 , 与 wish 用法相同 , 例 :H

11、e acts as if he knew me、她 得 我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger、 她 待我如陌生人。He talks as if he had been abroad、 她 起 来好像曾 出 国。注 : 两点 明(1)从句所表示的内容若 事 或可能 事 , 也可用 述 气:It looks as if well be late、我 似乎要 到了。(2)注意It isnt as if的翻 :It isnt as if he were poor、她不像 的 子( 或她又不 ) 。 本段 第三 If虚拟条件句从句中 should+

12、动词原形l在 lest ,for fear that(语从句 中的虚拟语气,should可省略以免 ) , in case (以防 ) 引导的 目的状She walked quietly lest she (should) wake up her roommates、 她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。l表应当做值得做一类动词后的宾语从句建议 advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令 order, command请求 ask, demand, require, request指示 direct敦促 urge 提议 move, vote希望 desire坚持 insi

13、st打算 intend安排 arrangeex、I insisted that he (should) stay、 我坚持要她留下。He urged that they go to Europe、 她敦促她们到 欧洲 去。He suggested that we should leave early、 她建议我们早点动身。He ordered that it (should) be sent back、 她命令把它送回去。I ask that he leave、 我要求她走开。He requires that I (should) appear、 她要求我出场。I move that we a

14、ccept the proposal、 我提议通过这项提案。He arranged that I should go abroad、 她安排我去国外。She desires that he do it、 她希望她做此事。The general directed that the prisoners should be set free、 将军指示释放那些俘虏。*suggest表“暗示”insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气比较 :He insisted that I had read his letterHe insisted that I should read his letter、 她坚

15、持说我瞧过她的信。、她坚持要我瞧她的信。He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner、 她建议我们留下吃饭。I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him、 我觉得您与她心照不宣。l order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句Our suggestion is that you( should)be the first to go.我们的建议就是您应该第一个去。If虚拟条件句*advice,

16、agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, orderproposal,l“It is (was)+紧急重要 -带感情色彩上述 demand/suggest等动词过去分词或important,natural,strange,necessary,surprised, appropriate等形容词后的主语从句1、 It

17、 is ordered that the army (should) get there by 4 a2、 It is necessary that she (should) be sent there at once*It is necessary,important,strange,natural, advisable, anxious,compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting,imperative(绝对必要 ), impossible, improper, obligatory, possible,preferab

18、le, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc、pity;It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed;it is a、 m、编辑本段 第四类It s time后的从句用虚拟语气从句谓语通常用过去式表示( 早 ) 该干某事了* 有时也用过去进行时或“should+ 动词原形” ( 较少见, 且should不能省略 )ex、It s time we went were going, should goIt s time I was in bed、我该上床睡了。Its time = It is (the very/h

19、igh/right/about) time( 不用、我们该走了。were)至善教育将根据每位高三学生的学习方法、学习态度的不同的学习方案 , 提供最全的高考英语学习策略。, 制定特有编辑本段wish与as if引导的虚拟1、表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成 : 主语 + wish (that) +从句主语+动词过去式(be一律用were)例如 :I wish I knew everything in the worldI wish that the experiment were a successWe wish we had wings、2、表示与过去事实相反的愿望构成 : 主语 + wish

20、(that) +从句主语去分词或had +过去分词例如 :I wish that you had called yesterday+ would/could + have +、过If虚 条件句I wish that I could have gone with you last night、I didn t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there、3、表示将来不大可能 的愿望构成 : 主 + wish (that) +从句主 + would/should/could/might+ 原形 例如 :I wish that he could t

21、ry again、I wish that someday I should live on the moon、We wish that they would come soon、II 、 AS IF引出的虚 。As if 、表好像我 常会利用一下句型来表达不能 的虚 状 :It is as if。( 就好象就是 )As if +从句 ,主句。 ( 好像Sb 、+ do ) 表达一种假 的条件。而 As if之后的假 内容的 法 构与wish 虚 的 构一 。L、 33 A Day to Remember中原 句,“As if this were not enoughto reduce you

22、to tears, your husband arrives、” 就利用了与 在事 相反的假 虚 。 北京 新 方名 指出 , 要善于 出一些学 法的技巧 , 如利用 比 , 例等方法 行学 。注:Something is to happened,Im to face it。 本段 注意事 使用虚 条件句 要注意的几点:1. 当条件状 从句 表示的行 与主句表示的行 所 生的 不一致时 , 被称 “ 条件句 ”, 的形式要根据它所表示的 作出相 的 整。如 :If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better nowIf yo

23、u had studied hard before, you would be a college studentnow, and you would graduate from a college in four years time 、2.if省略句、在条件句中可省略if,把 were,had, should提到句首式。如 :If I were at school again, I would study harder Were I at school again, I would study harder、If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus、If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing,、 倒装句、If虚拟条件句注意 : 若省略的条件句中的谓语动词就是否定形式时, 不能用动词的缩略形式。如 : 我们可以说