高考虚拟语气学生讲义及练习,答案(易中,难)

1、虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种假设，愿望，建议，或实现不了的空想1 if引导的非真实条件句的虚拟语气。从句主句与现在事实相反一般过去时过去将来时if +主语+v-ed（be动词只用were）if+ 主语+should + v主语+ would / could / should /might do与过去事实相反 过去完成时过去将来完成式if + 主语 +had done主语+would/could /should/might + have done与将来事实相反一般过去时过去将来时if +主语+v-ed（be动词只用were）if+ 主语+should + vif+ 主语+were to do+ v主语

2、+ would / could / should /might do (1) 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。如： if i were you , i would help him. if he studied at this school, he would know you well. = if he should study at this school, he would know you well.(2) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。如： if i had seen the film, i would have told you about it. (3) 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。如： i

3、f it were sunday tomorrow, we would have no school.if引导的非真实条件句的省略与倒装 (1) 必须是非真实条件句，真实条件句中不可省略if。 (2) 只有当非真实的条件句中有were , had ,should, would 等词时，才可以省略。 (3) if省略，助动词were, had ,should 等提至主语前，没有助动词的加助动词 (1) 与现在事实相反的非真实条件句的省略与倒装 if i were you , i would help him. = were i you , i would help him.（be 提前） if

4、he studied at this school, he would know you well. = did he study at this school, he would know you well. （无助动词，且为一般过去式，所以加did） if he should study at this school, he would know you well = should he study at this school, he would know you well （助动词should提前）( 2 ) 与过去事实相反的非真实条件句的省略与倒装 if i had seen the

5、 film, i would have told you about it. =had i seen the film, i would have told you about it. （助动词 had提前） (3 ) 与将来事实相反的非真实条件句的省略与倒装 if it were sunday tomorrow, we would have no school. = were it sunday tomorrow, we would have no school.2 错综时间条件句的虚拟 （if的非真实条件句从句用过去完成时，主句用过去将来） if you had followed the

6、doctors advice ,you should be all right now., 要是你那时候听了医生的劝告，你现在就好了。 if you had watered more, the trees would grow better now.3 含蓄条件句的虚拟 有时候一个假设的情况并不用条件句表示，而用其他方式表示，这样的句子叫做含蓄条件句。 without没有, but for若不是, but that若不是，otherwise否则， but 但是,常用来引导含蓄条件句 1. without your help,i would have failed in the examinat

7、ion =if it had not been for your help，i would have failed in the examination 2 i was busy last week, otherwise i would have come to see you. = if i had not been busy last week ,i would have come to see you. 3 i would have come to see you last week, but i was busy. 我上周想来看你了，但是我太忙了。= i would have come

8、 to see you if i hadnt been busy last week.4 在宾语从句中的虚拟 （1） 宾语从句在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词后，其从句要用“should+动词原形”（should可以省略）常用的动词有：记忆方法： 一二四五 一坚持： insist 二命令： order , command 四建议： suggest , advise , propose，recommend 五要求： demand , request , require , ask，desirethe doctor suggested that he(should) not go there医生

9、建议他不要去那里。he desires that you (should) see him at once.他渴望你立刻去看他。但是，当insist的意思为：坚决认为，坚持说；suggest的意思为：暗示时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气 his smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam. 他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。 tom insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch. 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。（2） wish 引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气与现在事实相反 从句用一般过去时态与过去事实相反 从句用过去完

10、成时与将来事实相反 从句用过去将来时 i wish that he were here now i wish that he had been here yesterday i wish that he would be here tomorrow.（3）would rather, had rather, would sooner引导的宾语的虚拟语气与现在事实相反 从句用一般过去时态与过去事实相反 从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反 从句用一般过去时态 id rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。 id rather you had seen the film y

11、esterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 wed rather you went there tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那儿。5 在主语从句中的虚拟(1) its important类这一类型主要包括it is (was) important (necessary, desirable值得新来的, imperative有必要的, advisable明智的, desired渴望的 suggested建议的, settled固定的, proposed, requested, decided)that+主语+should do it is impossible that he sh

12、ould go home. it is necessary that i should return it right now. it was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting. 6 表语从句及同位语从句中虚拟语气英语中，表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 引导表语从句或

13、同位语从句时常用should+do的虚拟语气,should 可以省略。his suggestion is that we（ should）work more carefully. we followed his advice that we（ should ）ask our teacher for help. 7 定语从句中的虚拟语气it is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + 动词原形。（此结构中should 不可省略） it is high time you should go to work. it is high time

14、you went to work. 8 状语从句的虚拟语气(1).目的状语从句中的虚拟语气 在for fear that, in case, lest(为了不.， 以免.，唯恐)引导的目的状语从句用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气, should 可以省略 keep quiet in case you（should）interrupt him when he is busy she is now studying for fear that she（should）fail in english you must wake him early lest he（should）be late f

15、or school(2)方式状语从句中的虚拟语气as if, as though引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构为：与现在事实相反从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反从句用过去将来时 he acts as if he knew me. 他显得认识我似的。 they treat me as though i were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。 9 if only引导的虚拟 意为 . 要是.该多好，其虚拟格式同wish 一样与现在事实相反从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反从句用过去将来时 if only i were

16、 as young as you if only he had been here yesterday. if only it were not to rain tomorrow.10 suppose （假设）的虚拟用一般过去式 supposing the boat sank, what should we do?情态动词表示虚拟和推测表推测的用法 1 must have done 表示对过去某事的肯定猜测 since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 2 may / might have done 对过去事实可能的推测 i ca

17、nt find my keys. i may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 3 can/could not have done 对过去事实否定的推测（亦可用于疑问句中） can/could he have passed the exam? i think that he couldnt/cant have gone abroad. i saw him just now.在虚拟语气中的用法 1 should have done 过去本应该做某事却未做 shouldnt have done 过去本不该做某事却做了 2 ought t

18、o have done 过去本应该做某事却未做 oughtnt to have done 过去本不该做某事却做了 3 need have done 过去本有必要做某事却未做 neednt have done 过去本没必要做某事却做了 4. could have done 过去本能够做某事却未做 授课配套练习及答案（基础）1 if i _ you, i wouldnt return the call. a. be b. am c. was d. were 2 if you had not been late, i _ you to go there yesterday. a. will allo

19、w b. should allow c. would have allowed d. had allowed 3 dont touch the sleeping tiger. if he woke up, he _ you. a. would come to b. would come at c. would have come toward d. will come to 4 if it _ tomorrow, what would we do? a. rains b. were to rain c. would rain d. rain 5 if i _ more time, i woul

20、d have gone with him. a. had b. had had c. have had d. would have 6 we _ delighted if the report _ true. a. were/ were b. shall be/ were c. should be/ were d. were/ would be 7 if we _ here ten minutes earlier, we _ the bus. a. arrived/would catch b. arrived/would have caught c. had arrived/had caugh

21、t d. had arrived/would have caught 8 you _ the train if you _ a little earlier. a. could take/ started b. could have taken/ had started c. could take/ had started d. could have taken / started 9 _ today, he would get there for holiday. a. was he leaving b. were he to leave c. would he leave d. if he

22、 leaves 10 _, i would take an umbrella with me. a. had i been you b. i were you c. were i you d. i had been you 11 had i known her name, _. a. or does she know mine? b. and where does she live? c. she would be beautiful d. i would have invited her to lunch 12 _more careful, his ship would not have s

23、unk. a. if the captain were b. had the captain been c. should the captain be d. if the captain would have been 13 _i you, i would go with him to the party. a. was b. had been c. will be d. were 14. if he had not gone out in the storm _. a.he will be alive now b. he would be alive now c. he would hav

24、e been alive now 15 if he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. a. had listened, would have known b. listened, would know c. listened, would have known d had listened, would know16 - i thought you would come back tomorrow. - i would if i _ to attend a meeting. a. dont hav

25、e b. didnt have c. will not have d. would not have 17. we might have failed if you _ us a helping hand. a. have not given b. would not give c. had not given d. did not give 18 i was busy yesterday, otherwise i _ your birthday party. a. attended b. had attended c. would attend d. would have attended

26、19 without your help, our team _ the last match. a. wont win b. will lose c. wouldnt have won d. cant win 20 i would have come earlier, but i _ that you were waiting for me. a. didnt know b. hadnt know c. would have known d. havent known 21 supposing i _ this gift, what would he say? a. accept b. ac

27、cepted c. should accept d. would accept 22 we _ our lives had it not been for the policeman. a. would have lost b. should lose c. might lose d. lost 23 without electricity human life _ quite different today. a. is b. will be c. would have been d. would be 24 but for the help of the teacher, we _. a

28、shouldnt succeed b. could not have succeed c. will not succeed d. should not have succeeded 25 he was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. a. would come b. came c. would have come d. had come 26 but for the institution, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. a. would have died b. would die c. m

29、ust have died d. must die 27 i would have told him the answer had it been possible but i _ so busy then. a. had been b. were c. was d. would be 28 the secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. a. had brought b. should have brought c. brought d. bring 29 he demanded that the laboratory repo

30、rt _ immediately after the experiment was done. a. was written b. be written c. must be written d. would be written 30. the law requires that everyone _ his car checked at least once a year. a. has b. had c. have d. will have 31 the doctor advised that mr. ma _ an operation right away so as to save

31、his life. a.had b.would have c.have d.was going to have32 tom s uncle insisted _ in this hotel any longer. a. not staying b. not to stay c. that he not stay d. staying not 33 . the man insisted that he _ there. a. should send b. would be sent c. sent d. be sent 34 the jade emperor ordered that the m

32、onkey king _ right away. a would be arrested b. must be arrested c. be arrested d. had to be arrested 35 his smile suggested that he _ what happened a know b had known c would know d would have known 36 i wish i _ what to do now. a. knew b. have known c. know d. would know 37. i wish _ tomorrow. a.

33、he left b. he leaves me alone c. he be left d. he would leave me alone 38. id rather you _ right away. a. leave b. left c. will leave d. to leave 39 he insisted that he _ me before. a. see b. should see c. had seen d. saw 40 he insisted that john _ it. a. do b. does c. did d. would do 41 it is impor

34、tant that i _ with mr. willians immediately. a. speak b. spoke c. will speak d. to speak 42 it is strange that such a thing _ in your school. a. will happen b. happen c. should happen d. happened 43 it is imperative that you _ on time. a. are b. will be c. be d. would be 44 it is required that you _

35、 at six. a. will arrive b. arrive c. arrived d. would arrive 45 it is really strange that the girl _ so early. a. has been married b. has married c. be married d. would marry 46 the boy acted as if he _ in canada before. a lives b lived c have lived d had lived47 he spoke in a quiet, distinct voice,

36、 as though his thought _. a. was far away b. had been far away c. were far away d. went far away.48 it seems as if it _ rain. a. will b. is going to c. is to d. were going to 49 he is working hard for fear that he _. a. fails b. failed c. would fail d. fail 50 the two strangers talked as if they _ f

37、riends for years. a. were b. would be c. have been d. had been 51. edison kept phosphorus carefully in a bottle lest it _. a. would burn b. burned c. was burning d. should burn 52 one of the requirements for a fire is that the material_to its burning temperature. a is beated b will be heated c be he

38、ated d would be heated53 i recommended that the student _ as soon as possible. a. finishing writing b. should finish the writing c. finish to write d. finished writing 54 our idea is that the match_. a would put off b ought to put off c be put off d could put off55 if only he _ here last night. a we

39、re b was c had been d would be56 its high time that we _ to school. a. would to b. went c. go d. will go 57. the teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. a. give b. should give c. be given d. would be given 58 i didn tsee her in the meeting room this mo

40、rning. she _ at the meeting. a. mustn t have spoken b. shouldn t have spoken c. needn thave spoken d. couldn t have spoken59 i ought _ her,but i could never. a. to have helped b. not have helped c. to not have helped d. to helped60 with so much work on hand, you _ to see the game last night a. mustn

41、n t go b. shouldn t go c. couldn t have gone d. shouldn thave gone61 most of the students felt rather disappointed at the english party. they say that it _ better organized. a had been b. had to be c. must have been d. could have been62 im surprised that he _ in the exam. a. should fail b. would hav

42、e failed c. may have failed d. should have failed63 you _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. a. needn t to come b. don t need come c. don t need coming d. needn t come64 there was plenty of times. she _.a. mustn t have hurried b. couldn t have hurried c. must not hu

43、rry d. needn t have hurried65 the plant is dead. i _ it more water. a. will give b. would have given c. must give d. should have given1-5 dcbbb 6-10 cdbbc 11-15 dbdbd 16-20 bcdca 21-25 baddc 26-30 acdbc 31-35 ccdcb 35-40 adbca 41-45 abcbc 46-50 dbddd 51-55 dcbcc 56-60 bcdad 61-65 ddddd中等练习及答案 2010届高

44、三虚拟语气100题 1. the boy acted _ he had never lived in canada before. a. as though b. even if c. as d. since 2. _ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. a. if he went b. were he gone c. should he have gone d. had he gone 3. if you were older, i _ you to go there yesterday. a. will allow b.

45、should allow c. would have allowed d. had allowed 4. the secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. a. had brought b. should have brought c. brought d. bring 5. i wish i _ able to tell him all about it last night. a. was b. were c. had been d. should be 6. if we _ here ten minutes earlier,

46、we _ the bus. a. arrived/would catch b. arrived/would have caught c. had arrived/had caught d. had arrived/would have caught 7. if i _ more time, i would have gone with him. a. had b. had had c. have had d. would have 8. he was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. a. would come b. cam

47、e c. would have come d. had come 9. the jade emperor ordered that the monkey king _ right away. a. would be arrested b. must be arrested c. be arrested d. had to be arrested 10. janes uncle insisted _ in this hotel any longer. a. not staying b. not to stay c. that he not stay d. staying not 11. dont

48、 touch the sleeping tiger. if he woke up, he _ you. a. would come to b. would come at c. would have come toward d. will come to 12. without electricity human life _ quite different today. a. is b. will be c. would have been d. would be 13. how i wish i _ to reapair the watch! i only made it worse. a

49、. had tried b. hadnt tried c. have tried d. didnt try 14. he demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. a. was written b. be written c. must be written d. would be written 15. the man insisted that he _ there. a. should send b. would be sent c. sent d. be sent 16. if he had not gone out in the storm _. a.he will be alive now b. he would be alive now c. he would have been alive now 17. if it _ tomorrow, what would we do? a. rains b. were to rain c. would rain d. rain 18. it is required that you _ at six. a. will arrive b. arrive c. arrived d. would