林业词汇中英文

1、.林业词汇 2009-5同龄林 forest consisting of even-aged stand (trans.)掠夺式经营 exploitation management；high grading间歇经营、间歇经营林；间歇作业 intermittent production；forest under intermittent management林分经营；林分管理 stand management；management on a stand basis立木蓄积、立木度 stocking (=d)更新作业法；作业法 silvicultural system稽核；照查 control永续

2、林；恒续林 continuous cover forest永续林经营；永续林施业；恒续林施业 continuous cover forest management system单木作业；单采作业；单木施业 forest management by individual trees掠夺式伐采 exploitation划伐、伞伐混合作业；群状伞伐作业 shelterwood group system；group shelterwood system划伐作业；群状择伐作业 group selection system；group selection management经营林；施业林；生产林 man

3、aged forest营林监督 forest inspection森林经营计划；森林经营(学) forest management ()；forest management planning(neol.)森林法 forest act；forest ordinance；forest law营林监督 forest inspection森林条例；森林法令 forest ordinance林业政策；森林政策 forest policy林业；林学 forestry林业经济；林业经济学 forest economics高山林；山岳林；山地林 mountain forest大面积伞伐作业；大面积伞状天然下种

4、法；广状伞伐更新法 uniform shelterwood system小面积集团森林经营 group management乔林；用材林 high forest乔林作业 high forest system木材需求；木材需要 demand for wood木材供销；木材获得 timber supply木材生产 timber production；wood production原木分级；材种；原木检尺 timber assortment木材消费 wood consumption；timber consumption木材供给 wood procurement林产业；木材工业；木材加工业 timbe

5、r industry；wood processing industry禁止皆伐 clear fell ban；prohibition of clear cutting皆伐作业(法) clearcutting system；crearfelling system地景经营；地景施业；景观施业 landscape management地景保护；景观保护 landscape protection阔叶树林 broadleaved forest；hardwood forest多目标(利用)林业 multiple-use management；multi-use management混交林；混合林；混生林

6、mixed woodland；mixed forest中林；矮林；萌芽林 coppice with standards中林作业；矮林保残作业法coppice with standards system；composite forest system；storied coppice system（UK）针叶树林 coniferous forest近天然经营林分；近自然经营之林分 near to nature forest；naturally managed forest天然林；自然林；自生林 natural forest；indigenous forest矮林；萌芽林 coppice fores

7、t；sprout forest；low forest矮林择伐作业；择伐矮林作业 coppice selection system矮林作业；简单(单纯)矮林作业 simple coppice system正规林业；正规森林经营；合法的林业 regulated forest management人工林经营 plantation management择伐作业 selection system；single tree selection system择伐林 selection forest；plenter-wood环状划伐；带状划伐；带进孔状伞伐 strip-and-group felling ()带

8、状划伐；带进群状伞伐作业 strip-and-group felling system带状伐采作业 strip cutting system；strip felling system速生林作业 free growth management伞伐作业法 shelterwood method；shelterwood system异龄混交法；混合林；混交林 highly structured forests保残木作业；二段乔林作业；保残乔林作业 high forest with reserves (system)；high forest with standards（system）原始林；原生林 vi

9、rgin forest蓄积保育 management of the growing stock森林 forest育林(学) ；造林；造林学 silviculture森林利用(学) forest utilization；forest utilisation森林生态系 forest ecosystem牧野经营；牧野管理；草原管理 pasture management；range management再造林义务 replant duty；legal obligation to replant作业级；事业区 working circle森林调查专家(员)；森林调查专业人员 forest invento

10、ry specialist森林经营计划之归纳及演绎计划法；森林经营(经理)之归纳及演绎法indicative and deductive forest management methods森林生长控制 control of forest growth (trans.)绩效检验 performance test永续林业；永续森林经营 sustainable forest management永续性；保续；永续 sustainablility永续作业；永续经营 sustained-yield management永续准则；永续基准 sustainability criteria永续经营调整；永续经

11、营规整(调整) sustained yield regulation禁伐；禁伐令；禁止开发 preservation order；exploitation ban再生产 reproduction超伐；过伐 overcutting；overfelling伐采龄 felling age树龄，林龄 age龄阶；龄级区分 age gradation龄级结构；龄级分布；龄级构成 age calss distribution林木界限；树限；乔木界限 timber line；tree line林业经营单元(单位) management unit林缘；林分边界 stand edge；edge of a sta

12、nd林分安全性(稳定性) stand stability经营安全性；低风险之森林经营；森林经营之风险回避(低危险) low-risk forest management财政轮伐期；理财的轮伐期 financial rotation面积加权平均林龄；森林之加权平均林龄 weighed average age of a forest(trans.)伐采方向；伐木倒向 felling direction伐采周期；回归期；循环期 felling cycle；cutting cycle次序；优先级；顺序 order天然林演替相；天然林演替阶段；天然林之发育过程(阶段) development phase

13、s of (natural) forests森林经营计划期；计划期间；作业计划期 planning period；forest management period；working plan period择伐作业体系；择伐作业 forest selection system生产期；生产时间；生产性作业时间 production time；productive time林缘保护；林分边缘保护 edge protection空间次序；收获地域(地点)顺序 spatial order林缘(缘条)；境界 edge；border伐采顺序(序列) cutting sequence；felling seque

14、nce伐采顺序规划；伐采序列 cutting order；felling order伐采管理 harvest management伐采序列 felling series经营计划起始日；经营计划之开始日 starting date of a management plan (trans.)生态稳定性 ecological stability工艺轮伐期 technical rotation林衣；林套 forest mantle收获周期；回归年(期) harvesting cycle；cutting cycle轮伐期 rotation；rotation length最大材积收获轮伐期；材积收获最多之

15、轮伐期 rotation of maximum volume production最大收益轮伐期；金钱总收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum cash flow；maximum cash flow rotation最大土地净收益轮伐期；土地纯收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum soil rent最大森林净收益轮伐期；森林纯收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum income；rotation of the highest net income伐期龄；轮伐期 rotation age更新级 regeneration class更新期 r

16、egeneration interval；regeneration period预测 forecast；prognosis；prediction森林覆盖率；森林占有率；森林率 percent forest cover森林结构；森林构造 forest structure；forest composition森林界限；树木界限 forest boundary；forest limit抗风力；暴风抗力；耐风力；风阻力 windthrow resistance；wind resistance；wind firmness森林经营单元；森林经营单位 forest management unit经济伐期 e

17、conomic maturity收获时序；收获次序 temporal order时间序列 time series时间序列分析；时序分析 time series analysis收获表 yield table理想立木度；法正蓄积；理想蓄积 normal stocking理想蓄积 growing stock；ideal standing volume地方收获表 local yield table材积收获 volumetric yield法正龄级分布 normal (ideal) age classdistribution法正蓄积 normal growing stock法正林；理想林；正规林 no

18、rmal forest法正林模式；理想林模式 normal forest model；ideal forest model现实林 actual forest (trans.)材种别收获表；利用材积收获表 assortment yield table材种别收获表 assortment table法正计算上之裸地；理论上之无立木地；理论上之未立木地 theoretical clearfell area林况 forest condition目标蓄积 target growing stock目标林 target forest（trans.）生长表 increment table间伐(疏伐)收获；中间收

19、获 intermediate yield所有权型；财产归属 types of ownership土地利用型；土地利用分类 land-use classification地块；林分；土地区分 parcel；land parcel森林使用权 forest right；right of forest use；（forest privilege）森林企业；林业企业；森林事业体 forest enterprise森林所有权；森林地产 forest estate森林所有权分割；森林所有之分割 forest fragmentation；fragmentation of forest holdings非生产林

20、；保护林 non-productive forest (trans.)保安林 protected forest (=d)游憩地；森林游憩林；森林游乐林 recreational forest小面积林丛；灌丛；萌生(芽)林；矮林 copse教学林；展示林；实验林；试验林demonstration forest；instruction forest；training forest；university forest未经营林；未施业林 unmanaged forest森林公园 forest park；park forest保安林 protection forest森林保护法案；保安林之划定 fore

21、st protection act森林功能；森林机能；森林利用 forest use；forest land use；forset function森林功能分类；森林机能分类 forest land use class森林带；树林带 forest belt；woodland belt森林步道 forest nature trail；forest walk限制林；限制使用林 limited use forest (trans. )保存林；预备林 forest reserve；reserved forest防风林带；保护林带 shelterbelt；windbreak经济林；生产林 commerc

22、ial forest；production forest森林公益功能；森林公益机能；森林社会效益(利益) social benefits of forests林班 compartment；forest compartment林班界 compartment boundary林分 stand小班界；林分界 sub-compartment boundary；stand boundary防火带；防火线 fire break；fire line森林地域 forest area鉴界；境界补正；境界纠正 boundary correction；rectification of boundaries林地 fo

23、rest land非生产地；非林地；除地 non-productive forest land林区管理处 forest district苗圃 nursery；tree nursery；forest nursery林区；森林区 forest range；range保护带；保护林(树)带；缓冲带 protection belt；protection strip；buffer strip调查单位；抽查单位 survey unit；inventory unit小班 sub-compartment准小班；造林地号；小班 stand绝对的森林土壤；限适森林的土壤 soil only suitable fo

24、r forest (trans.)森林劣化、土壤劣化 forest degradation土壤的；土壤因素的 edaphic收获水平；生产水平 yield level方位；a坡向；斜面方向 aspect；direction of slope森林植物社会学 (forest ) plant sociology霜孔；易受霜害地 frost hollow倾斜角；坡度(降)；梯度 gradient自然度 naturalness潜在自然森林社会/植群；潜在自然植生 potential natural forest community地貌；起伏度 relief立地调查；生育地调查；地况调查；土地测绘 sit

25、e survey；site mapping；site apparaisal；site apparaisement立地描述，生育地描述；土地描述；地况记载site description；destription of site地位指数；土地指数；地位指标 site index立地因子，生育地因子 site factor立地型；生育地型；地位型 site type森林生物生态空间调查；森林小区测绘 forest biotope mapping森林土壤 forest soil森林区；森林地带 forest region森林社会；森林生态体系 forest community；forest assoc

26、iation林型；森林型 forest type森林荒芜；森林破坏 forest destruction生长区；生长区域 growth region生长区域；生长范围；森林带 growth zone良木 cull；reject；cull wood尖削度；尖梢；梢杀 high taper林龄查定；林龄调查 age determination枝条材；枝材 branchwood枝条性 branchiness无节 knot-free尖削系数；尖削度；尖削指数 taper coefficient树木；乔木 tree树种 pecies；tree species树高 tree height树木形数 tree

27、 form factor树木材积 total tree volume树型级 tree class测树 mensuration林木材积式；干材积式 tree volume equation；volume equation；tariff number胸高 breast height (b.h.)可利用材；成材；可利及费材(材积) merchantable timber volume可利用材积形数；材积形数 timber form factor肥大生长；直径生长 diamemter growth尖削；直径递减 taper直径级；直径阶 diameter calss直径生长(量)；肥大生长 diame

28、ter increment；diameter growth定期平均生长量 periodic average increment材积表 (uniform) tariff晋级生长 ingrowth精英树；菁英树；特优树 elite tree；champion tree剥皮 peeling；bark removal；debarking；barking去皮材积；收获实材积 cubic meter under bark (m3u. b.)收获损失 harvest loss；harvest waste连皮材积（fm）；含皮材积；实积立方公尺cubic meter over bark（m3o.b.）形状高；

29、树形高 form height；volume/basal area ratio；tree form height形状高生长；树形高生长 form height increment形率；形商；直径率 form quotient形数；形状系数 form factor (f)胸高断面积 basal area (b. a.)胸高断面积表；断面积表；圆面积表 table of basal areas；basal-area table；table of sectional areas树干解析 stem analysis树高生长 height growth年轮解析 analysis of annual ri

30、ngs；tree ring analysis年轮；生长轮 growth ring；annual ring轮尺 callipers；caliper直径测定 diamter measurement最小测量径级；测径界限；直径界限 minimum dbh (by inventory)树冠 crown树冠（林冠）结构；树冠构造 crown structrue树冠直径；冠径 crown width树冠级 crown class材积轮尺 volumetric callipers阔叶树 broadleaved tree；hardwood tree期间生长量；当年生长量 current increment连年

31、生长量 current annual increment原木检尺；伐木检尺(测定) measurement of felled timber常设标志；测标 measurement mark测定位置 measurement location中央直径 mid-diameter中央周围；中央圆周 mid-girth母树 mother tree针叶树 conifer；softwood tree定期生长量 periodic increment精英树；优型树；选留树 plus tree；selected tree暴长木；暴露木 wolf tree层积立方公尺 cubic meter stacked自记轮尺；电子轮尺 recording cal(l)iper(s)皮材率；树皮率 bark deduction；bark allowanc