英汉管道工程技术词汇-测绘工程Word

1、第二十章 工程测绘A,aabrupt slope陡坡abscissa横坐标abscissa axis横坐标轴absolute accuracy, absolute precision绝对精度absolute altitude绝对高度absolute flying height绝对航高abutment桥墩accumulation of error累积误差accuracy assessment精度评估，精度检验accuracy for horizontal control平面控制精度accuracy of angle角度精度accuracy of network控制网精度accuracy of r

2、anging测距精度accuracy rectification精纠正acoustic sounder回声测声器，回声探测器actual area实际面积，有效面积actual distance实际距离adit(entrance) of the tunnel隧道入口adjacent flight line相邻航线adjusted value平差值adjustment平差，校正adjustment of observations测量平差adjustment of traverse导线平差aerial digital camera航空数码相机aerial image航空影像aerial photo

3、grammetry航空摄影测量学aerial strip survey航线测量aerial topographic map航测地形图aerial triangulation空中三角测量aerial triangulation block空中三角测量模型affine rectification仿射纠正aid to navigation航标air base航摄基线airborne laser mapping机载激光测图alignment sheet线路图alignment survey定线测量almanac历书，概略星历atlas information system地图集信息系统altimete

4、r测高仪altimetric point 高程点altitude 高度，地平维度altitude angle高度角altitude correction高度改正analog aerotriangulation模拟空中三角测量analytical aerial triangulation 解析空中三角测量analytical plotter 解析测图仪angle closing error of traverse 导线角度闭合差angle of deviation偏角，磁偏角angle of drift航偏角angular or distance intersection 角度距离交会annot

5、ation调绘；注记antenna接收机天线antenna phase center天线相位中心anti-jamming 抗干扰approximate coordinates近似坐标architectural plan建筑平面图area symbol面状符号artificial earth satellite人造地球卫星as-built survey竣工测量aspect of projection投影中心assumed coordinate system假定坐标系astrogeodetic network天文大地网atlas地图集atmospheric correction大气改正attitu

6、de姿态attitude parameter姿态参数attribute data属性数据automated cartographic system自动制图系统average error平均误差average error in altitude 高度平均误差average error in position位置平均误差azimuth方位角azimuth of photograph像片方位角B,bbacksight(BS)后视base point 基点base station基准站base-height ratio基高比baseline基线basic network基本控制网basic scale

7、基本比例尺bathymetry测深bearing 方位bearing calibration方位校准bench mark description水准点之记benchmark(BM)水准基点block adjustment区域网平差border图廓，边缘，界线border information图廓注记borehole position survey钻孔位置测量bracket支架bridge survey桥梁测量bubble水准器，气泡bubble offset水准气泡偏差bundle adjustment光束法平差C,cCAC机助地图制图cadastral map地籍图cadastral su

8、rvey management地籍管理calibration检校，校准，标定CAM计算机辅助测图camera calibration相机检校carrier phase measurement载波相位测量Cartesian coordinate system笛卡尔坐标系cartograph制图仪cartographic annotation地图注记cartographic feature地图地物cartography，cartology地图学center line survey中线测量center of sheet图幅中心centering error对中误差centering of bubbl

9、e气泡居中centering rod对中杆central line中线central meridian中央子午线central projection中心投影center of gravity重心chart海图chart lettering海图标记chart scale海图比例尺circuit closure环线闭合差circular bubble圆水准器classification分类closed loop闭合环线closed loop traverse闭合环导线closed traverse闭合导线close-range photogrammetry近景摄影测量closing error闭合

10、差coast line survey岸线测量coastal survey沿岸测量，沿海测量collimation mark框标color absorber滤光镜，滤光片，消色器compass罗盘compass declination, magnetic declination磁偏角condition adjustment条件平差confidence置信度connecting traverse 附和导线construction control network施工控制网construction detail施工详图construction layout施工放样construction survey

11、施工测量continuous observation连续观测contour等高线contour interval 等高距contour label等高线标注control network控制网control network for deformation obser- vation变形观测控制网control point 控制点control survey控制测量control point coordinate(s)控制点坐标coordinate坐标coordinate adjustment坐标平差coordinate axis坐标轴coordinate conversion坐标变换coord

12、inate system坐标系coordinate transformation坐标转换correction for deformation变形改正correction for direction方向改正correction for parallax视差改正correction for tilt angle倾角改正correlation coefficient相关系数correlation registration相关配准corresponding epipolar line同名核线corresponding image points同名像点course路线，路程，航线coverage图层cr

13、est山脊critical value临界值crosshair十字丝，十字瞄准线cross-section drawing横断面图cross-section survey横断面测量culture symbol 地物符号，人工建筑符号curvature曲率curve曲线curve layout曲线放样cutoff angle, mask angle截止高度角cylindrical coordinate 柱面坐标D,ddata accuracy数据精度data layering数据分层data of inner orientation内方位元素data reduction, data compre

14、ssion数据压缩data revision, data update数据更新data resolving/data calculating数据解算data vectorization数据矢量化datum基准面datum of soundings测深基准面DDN数字数据网decentering distortion偏心畸变差deformation变形，畸变deformation monitoring(observation)变形监测（观测）DEM数字高程模型densification加密densification network加密控制网depression angle俯角depth datu

15、m深度基准面depth sounder测深仪detail drawing详图，细部图detail point碎部点detail survey碎部测量detail work drawing施工详图detailed triangulation图根三角测量，低等三角测量deviation偏差DGPS差分GPSDHM, DEM, DTEM数字高程模型differential correction差分改正differential interferometry差分干涉测量法digital distortion model(DDM)数字畸变模型digital landscape model(DLM)数字景观

16、模型digital line graph(DLG)数字线画地图digital orthophoto map(DOM)数字正射影像图digital raster graphics(DRG)数字栅格图digital surface model(DSM)数字表面模型digital terrain model(DTM), digital ground model(DGM)数字地面模型dilution of precision(DOP)精度因子direction angle方向角displacement位移distance measuring instrument测距仪distance run航程dis

17、tortion 畸变distortion error畸变差draft草图，设计图样drainage map水系图dry land旱地E,eEarth ellipsoid, Earth spheroid地球椭球Earth observing satellites对地观测卫星Earth observing system(EOS)对地观测系统Earth flattening地球扁率Earths rotation地球自转Earths rotation parameter(ERP)地球自转参数east longitude东经eccentric angle偏心角eccentricity偏心率，离心率ech

18、o signal回波信号edge matching图幅接边effective radius有效半径electromagnetic distance measurement电磁波测距electronic distance measuring instrument (EDM)电子测距仪electronic level电子水准仪electronic theodolite电子经纬仪electro-optical distance measuring instru- ment光电测距仪element of relative orientation相对定向元素element of absolute ori

19、entation绝对定向元素elevation accuracy高程精度elevation notation高程注记elevation point高程点elevation, height高程ellipsoid椭球ellipsoidal/ geodetic height大地高engineering control network工程控制网engineering drafting(drawings)工程制图engineering survey工程测量engineering surveying(geodesy)工程测量学equatorial radius赤道半径error equation误差方程e

20、rror of closure闭合差exterior orientation element外方位元素eyepiece adjustment调焦(检景器目镜的)F,fface left盘左face right盘右fair drawing清绘fairway航道far range大测距，远测距fault断层，断裂feature要素，特征feature attribute要素属性feature catalogue要素分类feature points特征点fiducial network基准网field book外业手簿field check外业检核field manual外业规范，外业手册field

21、 mapping野外填图，制图field reconnaissance野外勘测field sketch 外业草图fieldwork外业fine adjustment微调，细调，精密平差first-order accuracy一等精度first-order benchmark一等水准点first-order geodetic network一等大地网fixed antenna固定天线fixed point 固定点flight altitude飞行高度flight line of aerial photography摄影航线fight plan of aerial photography航摄计划f

22、ocal length焦距footing基座fore-and-aft overlap航向重叠foresight(FS)前视fully digital mapping全数字化测图fusion融合G,gGauss projection高斯投影Gauss-Krger projection高斯-克吕格投影Gauss-Markoff model高斯-马尔柯夫模型geocenter地心geocentric coordinate 地心坐标geocentric coordinate system地心坐标系geocentric rectangular coordinate system地心直角坐标系geodes

23、y大地测量学geodetic coordinate大地坐标geodetic leveling大地水准测量geodetic origin大地原点geodetic reference system大地测量参考系统geodetic reference system 19801980国际大地测量参考系统geographic coordinates地理坐标geographic grid地理格网geographic information system(GIS)地理信息系统geographic latitude地理纬度geographic longitude地理经度geoid大地水准面geomatics测

24、绘学geometric accuracy几何精度geometric co-registration几何配准geometric correction of image影像几何纠正geometric precise correction几何精纠正geo-robot测量机器人global gravity anomalies全球重力异常global navigation satellite system(GNSS)全球导航卫星系统global orbiting navigation satellite system(GLONASS)全球轨道导航卫星系统（俄罗斯）global positioning s

25、ystem(GPS)全球定位系统GPS carrier phaseGPS载波相位GPS receiverGPS接收机GPS surveyingGPS测量GPS time(GPST)GPS时间GPSurvey，TGOTrimble GPS接收机随机软件gradient坡度，斜率graphical solution图解graphics图形gravimeter重力仪gravity anomaly重力异常Greenwich mean time格林尼治时间grid azimuth坐标方位角，格网方位角grid coordinate平面直角坐标，格网坐标grid map网格地图grid north坐标北方

26、向grid origin, origin of coordinate system坐标原点grid-TIN混合形式的数字高程模型gross error粗差ground control point(GCP)地面控制点guide post路标，方向标H,hhalf-interval contour间曲线hand level手持水准仪heading航向hedge树篱，障碍物height datum，vertical datum高程基准height of instrument(HI)仪器高height of target目标高high resolution高分辨率high spatial resolu

27、tion高空间分辨率high spectral image高光谱图像hillside山腰，山坡histogram直方图historical map历史地图hologram photography全息摄影homologous image points同名像点horizontal accuracy水平精度horizontal control point, horizontal control station水平控制点horizontal coordinate，plane coordinate平面坐标horizontal dilution of precision(HDOP)水平精度因子horizo

28、ntal plane平面horizontal survey水平测量，平面测量Huanghai vertical datum of 1956黄海1956高程系统hydrographic engineering survey水利工程测量hydrographic surveying and charting海洋测绘hypsometric map地势图I,iice-snow covered area冰雪覆盖区域identifier标识码illuminated patch光斑，光点illuminating power亮度image acutance影像清晰度image coordinate像点坐标ima

29、ge fusion影响融合image match影像匹配image mosaic影像镶嵌image motion compensation(IMC)像移补偿image point像点image pyramid影像金字塔image rectification影像纠正image registration影像配准image resolution影像分辨率image sequence序列影像image shift像移image space coordinate system像空间坐标系inclination angle，tilt angle倾角inclinometer and tiltmeter测斜仪

30、independent model aerial triangulation独立模型法空中三角测量index contour计曲线，加粗等高线indirection adjustment间接平差inertial coordinate system惯性坐标系inertial navigation system(INS)惯性导航系统inertial surveying system(ISS)惯性测量系统inflection point拐点infrared EDM instrument, infrared ranger红外测距仪inherent error固有误差instrument adjustm

31、ent仪器校正instrument of geomatics engineering测绘仪器instrumental constant仪器常数instrumental error仪器误差interactive processing人机交互处理interior orientation内部定向intermediate contour首曲线，基本等高线interpolation point内插点interpretation判读，解译intersection 前方交会intersection angle交会角island chart岛屿图isobath等深线isoline map等值线地图ice-sn

32、ow covered area冰雪覆盖区域identifier标识码illuminated patch光斑，光点illuminating power亮度image acutance影像清晰度image coordinate像点坐标image fusion影响融合image match影像匹配image mosaic影像镶嵌image motion compensation(IMC)像移补偿image point像点image pyramid影像金字塔image rectification影像纠正image registration影像配准image resolution影像分辨率image s

33、equence序列影像image shift像移image space coordinate system像空间坐标系inclination angle，tilt angle倾角inclinometer and tiltmeter测斜仪independent model aerial triangulation独立模型法空中三角测量index contour计曲线，加粗等高线J,jjunction交叉口junction point of traverse导线节点K,kkilometer stone里程碑kinematic positioning动态定位known station已知站(点)Kr

34、asovsky ellipsoid克拉索夫斯基椭球L,lland boundary地界land feature地物，地貌landslide滑坡large scale大比例尺large scale topographic map大比例尺地形图laser scanner激光扫描仪laser sounder激光测深仪lateral overlap旁向重叠latitude纬度legend图例level水准仪level surface水准面leveler水准测量员leveling network水准网leveling rod, leveling staff水准尺LFC大像幅摄影机line symbol线

35、状符号linear CCD push-broom线阵CCD推扫式linear correlation线性相关linear independent线性无关的local differential GPS局域差分GPSlocation map位置图longitude经度profile纵断面图longitudinal tilt, pitch航向倾角longitudinal view纵视图land boundary地界land feature地物，地貌landslide滑坡large scale大比例尺large scale topographic map大比例尺地形图laser scanner激光扫描

36、仪laser sounder激光测深仪lateral overlap旁向重叠latitude纬度legend图例level水准仪level surface水准面leveler水准测量员leveling network水准网leveling rod, leveling staff水准尺LFC大像幅摄影机line symbol线状符号linear CCD push-broom线阵CCD推扫式linear correlation线性相关linear independent线性无关的local differential GPS局域差分GPSlocation map位置图longitude经度profi

37、le纵断面图longitudinal tilt, pitch航向倾角longitudinal view纵视图M,mmagnetic declination磁偏角magnetic sounder磁探测仪map appearance地图整饰map query地图查询map scale地图比例尺map symbol base地图符号库marine charting海洋绘图metadata元数据metric camera量测摄影机microwave remote sensing微波遥感misclosure闭合差mobile mapping vehicle测绘车monitor监测，监视器mosaic镶嵌

38、multiresolution多分辨率multiscale多尺度multispectral多光谱的N,nnational GPS control network国家GPS控制网national height datum 19851985国家高程基准national horizontal control network国家平面控制网national leveling network国家水准网national vertical datum国家高程基准negative负，负片network adjustment网平差network RTK网络RTKNMEA导航数据格式north arrow指北针no

39、rth magnetic pole磁北极northern latitude北纬numerical accuracy数值精度O,oobject location目标定位oblique aerial photography倾斜航空摄影像片observation error观测误差observation set测回observation, observed value观测值offshore survey近海测量optical level光学水准仪optical rangefinder光学测距仪optical theodolite光学经纬仪orbit parameters轨道参数ordinate纵坐标

40、ordinate axis纵坐标轴，Y轴orientation定向ortho rectification正射纠正outline mapfor filling填充地图overlap重叠度，交叠P,ppanchromatic全色的panoramic全景的parallax视差parameter参数，参变量pass point加密点pattern recognition模式识别permanent station永久测站，埋石测站，埋石点perpendicular垂线，垂直于petroleum exploration survey石油勘探测量photo rectification像片纠正pixel像素p

41、ipeline survey管线测量plan平面plane surveying平面测量plumb line铅垂线point cloud点云point symbol点状符号polar coordinate极坐标position and attitude 位置和姿态position and orientation system(POS)定位与定向系统positioning, position fix定位positive正片post-processed GPS后处理GPSprecise engineering survey精密工程测量precise point positioning(PPP)精密单

42、点定位precise positioning service(PPS)精密定位服务precision精度precision estimation精度估计preliminary survey初测pre-processing预处理pressure altimeter气压高度计primary control network首级控制网primary scale基本比例尺profile survey纵断面测量projection transformation投影变换proper scale成图比例尺，规定比例尺pseudo-range伪距pseudo-range measurement伪距测量Q,qqu

43、ality control and validation质量控制与评估quality evaluation质量评价quasi-geoid似大地水准面quasi-geoid height似大地水准面高R,rradar雷达radargrammetry雷达图像测量学，雷达图像测量技术radiation compensation辐射补偿radiation correction辐射校正railroad engineering survey铁路工程测量random error偶然误差random sampling随机抽样range positioning system测距定位系统rangefinder测距

44、仪raster data栅格数据rasterization栅格化raster-to-vector conversion栅格矢量转换raw data原始数据real-time DGPS实时差分GPSreceiver接收机receiver antenna接收机天线rectangular coordinate直角坐标rectification纠正reference base stations参考基站reference central meridian基准中央子午线，基准中央经线reference ellipsoid参考椭球reference spheroid参考球体，参考椭球reflectance

45、spectrum反射光谱regular grid DEM规则格网数字高程模型relative accuracy相对精度relative altitude相对高度relief displacement投影差relief feature地形特征，地形要素relief map立体图remote sensing(RS)遥感resampling重采样resolution分辨率，分辨力reticule十字丝revision of topographic map地形图更新revolution，rotation旋转ridge line山脊线right-handed coordinate systems右手坐标

46、系riverbed河床RMS均方根RMSE均方根误差，中误差road network道路网rotation parameters旋转参数route analysis路径分析route survey线路测量rover流动站roving receiver流动接收机RTK实时动态定位S,ssampling采样，抽样satellite altitude卫星高度satellite positioning卫星定位scale factor比例因数scan mode of airborne-based image laser radar机载激光成像雷达扫描成像模型scanning laser rangefin

47、der激光扫描测距seafloor topography海底地形seamless contiguity无缝拼接self-calibration自检校semimajor axis长半轴sensitivity灵敏度，感光度setting-out survey放样测量，施工放样shaft竖井sheet number图号sidereal day恒星日sidereal time恒星时signal-to-noise ratio信噪比signature特征，标记，符号simultaneous observation同步观测simultaneous，synchronous同步的，同时的single frequ

48、ency单频site plan, site map工地（总）平面图site preparation场地平整slope斜坡slope distance斜距slope line示坡线smoothness平滑度sounding field book水深测量手簿sounding line测深线sounding rod水深杆south semisphere南半球space intersection空间前方交会space resection空间后方交会spatial analysis空间分析spatial rectangular coordinate空间直角坐标spatial resolution空间分辨率specification of survey测量规范spherical coordinate球面坐标spheroid of revolution旋转椭球staff标尺stake桩，标桩stake out定线，放样standardization标准化static positioning静态定位steel tape钢尺stereo立体的，立体观测的stereoautograph立体自动测图仪s