大学英语精读第三版第二册U教案

1、Unit 5 The Villain in the AtmosphereTeaching Time: 8 hoursStudents level: non-English majors of the second semester of the 1st year.Teaching Objectives:1. Get Ss to know the conditions of the pollution on earth; let the students realize the serious pollution of the earth; analyze the causes of the p

2、ollution on the earth; think over and discuss the ways to solve the issue.2. About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: atmosphere, compose, conclusion, conference, crash, deadly, emit, extremely, feasibility

3、, fund hazard, indicate, originally, pollute, proceed, signal, smash, survive, type, unfitPhrases & Expressions: be known as, name after, as to, base on, for one thing.for another, be composed of, as far as sth/sb. be concerned, stick up, give up, set backGrammar: because of, what do you think of, s

4、o/as far as.he concerned3. About the reading, Ss should acquire the reading skill using word part clues for word meanings.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill coherence.5. About the listening, Ss will finish the Unit 5 directed by the teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-readi

5、ng ActivitiesBackground information:1. GlaciersGlacier,anenduringaccumulation of ice, snow, water, rock, and sediment （沉淀物） that moves under the influence of gravity. Glaciers form where the temperature is low enough to allow falling snow to accumulate and slowly transform into ice. This accumulatio

6、n is most common in the polar regions, but can also occur at high altitudes on mountains even near the equator. Glaciers are complex systems that grow and shrink in response to climate. At the present, glacier ice covers about 15 million sq km (5.8 million sq mi), or 10 percent, of Earths land area.

7、2. Polar ice capA polar ice cap is a high-latitude region, centered in the polar region, which is covered in ice.3. GreenlandAn Arctic island nation located in North America by geography, Greenland is a self-governed Danish territory. It is the worlds largest island, and about 81 percent of its surf

8、ace is covered by ice.4. Global WarmingGlobal warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature, which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. When scie

9、ntists talk about the issue of climate change, their concern is about global warming caused by human activities.5. ManhattanManhattan is one of the five boroughs that comprise the City of New York. It is by far the most densely populated county in the United States and famous for its soaring skyscra

10、pers.Manhattan (Island) is one of the commercial, financial, and cultural centers of the world. It has many famous landmarks and tourist attractions. They include Broadway, Chinatown, the Empire State Building, Greenwich Village, Times Square, The United Nations Headquarters, Wall Street, and many c

11、hurches, colleges, skyscrapers, and theaters. Most of New Yorks municipal buildings stand on Manhattan Island. When people think of New York City, they are usually thinking of Manhattan, the core of the city.6. The British IslesThe British Isles are s group of islands off the northwest coast of Euro

12、pe consisting of Great Britain (that is England, Scotland and Wales), Ireland and the many smaller adjacent islands. These islands form an archipelago of more than 6,000 islands.7. Isaac AsimovIsaac Asimov was born on 2 January 1920 in the former Soviet Union, but grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He t

13、aught biochemistry at Boston University until he retired in 1958 to become a full-time writer. Asimov had been publishing short stories since the late 1930s, and in 1952 published his first novel. The author of the classic , Robot series and The Foundation Trilogy, Asimov wrote more than 400 books a

14、nd won every major science fiction award. He also wrote popular books and essays on science and technology, earning him the nickname The Great Explainer. Isaac Asimov died of “heart and kidney failure, which were complications of the HIV infection” on 6 April 1992. HIV was not revealed as the cause

15、of his death until 2002, when his widow Janet published the memoirs Its Been a Good Life.Warm-up Questions1. Whats the weather like in your hometown? Do you like it? Why or why not?2. Have you ever noticed any changes in your hometown or in the city youre now living in? What are they?3. Do you have

16、any idea of the greenhouse effect? How does it affect the temperature on Earth?Introductory Questions for Reading Comprehension1. Who is the “villain” in the atmosphere?2. What does carbon dioxide do to plants and animal life on the Earth?3. What is happening to the sea level? What will the rising s

17、ea level do to our life?4. What does carbon dioxide do to the temperature of the Earth?5. How come that the concentration of the gas in the atmosphere is going up steadily?6. So in the final analysis, who are the villains and who are the victims?7. What should be done?II. Key Words & Expressions1. p

18、oisonous: containing poison in itself; very harmful and cause illness or deatha) Dangerously high levels of poisonous chemicals were found in the water.b) The Ministry of Health warned the general public to be on high alert against poisonous mushrooms, as 16 people have died after eating different k

19、inds of poisonous mushrooms this summer.2. essential: absolutely necessary; extremely importanta) The body cannot store Vitamin C so it is essential to have a fresh supply every day.b) The leadership of the Party is essential to socialist revolution and socialist construction.3. convert: 1) change o

20、nes opinion, religion, political belief, etc.a) Bill was converted to Christianity soon after he retired from the army.b) Kevin is such a stubborn man that not surprisingly his wife failed to convert him.2) change to or into another form, substance, or state, or from one use or purpose to anothera)

21、Water is converted into steam if it is boiled.b) My uncle lived in a comfortable home converted from farm buildings some 15 miles to the northwest of the city.4. tissue:1) mass of cells forming the body of an animal or of a plantnThe elderly lady strongly disapproves of the use of fetal tissue for t

22、he treatment of people with certain illnesses.2) thin light paper used esp. for wrapping things, or soft paper which is used for cleaning and is thrown away after use-The taxi driver always keeps a box of tissues in the taxi.5. serve as : be used for a particular purposea) Her apartment also serves

23、as her office.b) That will not serve you as an excuse.c) In the absence of anything better, the couch would serve as a bed for a couple of nights.6. liberate: set freea) Try to liberate yourself from preconceived ideas.b) They liberated all the prisoners.7. apparently: according to appearance; as it

24、 seemsa) Not all of what Mr. Blair wrote was false, but much of what was true in his article was apparently lifted from other news reports.b) The young man was whistling by the window, apparently quite cheerful.8. in all likelihood: very probablya) In all likelihood the flight will be canceled.b) In

25、terest rates will go up further in all likelihood. likelihood: probabilityThere is much/every/no/little likelihood that hell be elected for the second term.8. steadily: evenly; regularly; graduallyIts believed that todays children will be living in a steadily improving environment.9. beneath: below;

26、 underneatha)The industrialized world is completely dependent on oil, much of which resides beneath the surface of Middle Eastern countries.b)After weeks at sea, it was wonderful to feel firm ground beneath our feet once more.11. starvation: suffering or death from lack of foodDrought conditions dur

27、ing the 1980s led to widespread starvation in Africa.starve: v. be hungry; go without foodThe explorers starved to death in the desert. Lets get something to eat; Im starving. 12. widespread:found, placed, etc., in many placesa) A widespread flu epidemic affected eighteen Western states.b) The presi

28、dent was elected to a new term with widespread popular support.13. structure: 1) the way in which parts are formed into a wholeThe family is seen as the primary social structure for meeting the emotional needs of children.2) anything formed of many parts, esp. a building; any complex wholeMany build

29、ings of the period were steel and cement structure.14. collapse: 1) fall down or inwards suddenlya) The building collapsed, trapping thousands of people.b) Quite a few houses collapsed in the heavy storm last week.2) fall helpless or unconsciousa) A hiker who collapsed along the snow-covered mountai

30、ns was rescued after hed called for help from his cell phone.b) He collapsed while working and died on the way to hospital.3) fail suddenly and completely; break downa) The company collapsed without any sign beforehand.b) He thought his whole world had collapsed when his wife died.15. pressure: 1) t

31、he action of pressing with force or weighta) It takes a bit of pressure to make the lid close.b) The pressure of the water caused the wall of the dam to crack.2) trouble that causes anxiety and difficultya) The pressure of modern life is causing violence, murder, suicide and an obsession with fortun

32、e-telling.His health collapsed under the pressure of work.16. come about: take place; happena) How did the accident come about?b) Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about.17. connection: relationship between things or eventsa) How long will the connection of the new telephone take?b) T

33、he doctor believed that his illness must have had some connection with his diet.18. transparent: allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be clearly seen; thin or fine enough to be seen througha) The silk dress of the model was almost transparent.b) The greenhouse was transparent al

34、l the way round, so the children can see the plants growing.19. radiation: the act of radiating heat, light, etc.; sth. which is radiateda) The building is designed to trap and store radiation from the sun.b) Nuclear radiation can attack the cells in living tissue.20. visible:that can be seen; notic

35、eable to the eyea) Many stars are hardly visible to the naked eye.b) Children should wear bright orange when they are riding in the streets so that they are more visible.21. tend: v. be likely toPrices are tending upwards. Old people tend to get fat. He tends towards selfishness. People tend to get

36、fat as they grow older.22. distinctly: in a distinct manner; clearlya) I distinctly remember you promising to keep the secret.b) He was looking distinctly nervous before the exam this morning.distinct: adj. The twins had distinct tastes. You should make your writing distinct. 23. creep: 1) move slow

37、ly and quietly along the ground or a surfacea) The traffic was creeping along at a snails pace.b) I heard a man creeping stealthily up to my door.2) move or advance slowly and quietlya) Surveys noted that the company is creeping onto cell phones and other wireless devices.b) Old age creeps up on you

38、 before you realize it.24. estimate: calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc. of sth.a) I had estimated that the work would take three days; however, it took a week.b) Thats just an estimatenobody really knows what the figure is because nobody bothers to calculate it.25. polar: of or near the N

39、orth or South PoleThe latest science tells us that, at the current rate of global warming, polar bears might not make it to the next century.26. melt: 1) (cause to) become liquida) For a very long time the United States was regarded as a “melting pot”.b) The spring sun melts the snow and the lakes b

40、ecome ice-free by mid-March.2) gradually become smaller and then disappeara) Their differences melted away.b) Her anger melted away when she read the letter.27. factor: any of the things that cause or influence sth.a) There are many factors that influence who will ultimately become the candidate for

41、 a party.b) Ability, industry, and health are factors of success in school.28. to make matters worse: with the result that a bad situation is made worsea) Trying to soothe her only make matters worse.b) I realized that anything I could say only make matters worse.29. disappear: 1) go out of sighta)

42、I saw the plane disappear behind a cloud.b) The spot disappeared when the shirt was washed.2) cease to exist; become losta) Lets hope that our difficulties will soon disappear.b) That species disappeared in the Ice Age.30. replace: take the place of a) Robots are replacing humans for dangerous tasks

43、.b) Can anything replace parental love?31. consume: use; use upa) Those big powerful cars consume a great deal of fuel.b) He soon consumed his fortune.32. perspective: a particular way of thinking about or viewing sth.a) The author sees the event in historical perspective.b) The perspective of the e

44、xecutives on the situation is rather different from that of the workers.33. nuclear: of, concerning, or using the nucleus of an atom, atomic energy, or the atom bombThey claimed that there was evidence that the country supported terrorism and possessed biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons.34. a

45、lternative: (n.) one of two or more possibilitiesa) We have no alternative in the matter.b) One of the alternatives open to the minister is to resign.(a.) that can be used instead of sth. Else; other; differentThey are alternative ways of expressing the same idea.35. interior (a. & n.) situated with

46、in or inside; innera) The interior walls of the building were painted green.b) The interior of the cave was dark.36. solar: of, from, or concerning the sunA solar cell takes radiation from the sun and converts it into electricity.36. compete: try to win sth. in competition with someone elsea) The tw

47、o nations continued to compete with each other for influence in the resource-rich Third World.b) These young men competed for the silver medal.38. military: relating to the armed forcesa) The government accused the newspaper of preparing to reveal military secrets.b) The administration became increa

48、singly concerned with military action.39. apparently: adv. from appearances aloneHe was apparently surprised at the news. Apparently she did not succeed.40. fraction: n. a small part or item forming a piece of a whole He has done only a fraction of his homework. The story does not contain a fraction

49、 of truth. 41. splash: vi. cause (a liquid) to spatter about, especially with force; walk through mud or mireShe accidentally splashed ink on my sleeve. 42. do sb. harm对某人造成损害If you do harm to me I shall not look over you.It wouldnt do him any harm to work a bit harder.43. from year to year年复一年地，每年P

50、rices fluctuate from year to year.Things get worse from year to year.44. go up上升，增长Inflation may be rising, if (it is) so, prices will go up.The financial times share index go up five point yesterday.45. make up弥补, 和解, 编造, 整理, 化妆, 拼凑成I tried to make up for my loss. She tired to make up to the boss.4

51、6. first of all首先First of all, let me tell you the news.First of all she just smiled, then she started to laugh.47. at first起先，开始时The answer was at first unapparent.At first we used hand tools.48. by itself自动地，独自地The house stood by itself on a hill.The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.4

52、9. cut down砍倒；减少He has to cut down on the consumption of meat.Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.谚遮荫之树不可砍。50. object to反对，不喜欢I object to our privacy being invaded.Many people object to experimentation on animals.III. Language Points1. It is not very poisonous and it is present in the atmo

53、sphere in so small a quantity only 0.034 percent that it does us no harm.1) Translate the sentence into Chinese.它毒性不大，在大气层中的含量极小只占0.034不会对我们造成任何伤害。2. But here is what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas is doing to us: 1) Analyze the structure of the sentenceIt is an inversion. “her

54、e” is used at the beginning of the sentence. The subject of the sentence is a complex sentence, consisting of a subject clause “what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas.”2)Translate the sentence into Chinese然而，这一看上去无害而且无疑又必不可少的气体却正在对我们产生影响。3. Where there are low-lying coastal areas

55、(where a large fraction of the worlds population lives) the water will advance steadily, forcing people to retreat inland. 1) Paraphrase the sentence.The water will move forward to the coastal areas that are not much above the land (in which a great number of people in the world live), as a result,

56、many people have to move away and settle down inside their countries.2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.在那些低洼的沿海地区(在这些地区居住着世界上很大一部分人口)，海水会稳步向前推进，迫使人们向内陆退居。4. Florida will disappear beneath the waves, as will much of the British Isles, the crowded Nile valley, and the low-lying areas of China, In

57、dia, and Russia.1) Analyze the structure of the sentence.“as”作为连接词引导了方式状语从句，为了保持句子平衡，使用倒装句。More Examples:He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.He was exhausted, as were all the others in the team.2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.佛罗里达将会沉没在海浪之下，英伦三岛的大部分，人口稠密的尼罗河流域，还有中国、印度和俄罗斯的低洼地区也都将遭到同样的命运。5. And all because of carbon dioxide. 1) Paraphrase the sentence.The above mentioned results are all caused by carbon dioxide.6. Sunlight, striking the top of the atmosphere, travels right through miles of it to warm the Earths surface. 1) Whats the function of “