必修三unit4 主语从句

1、1,The Subject Clause主语从句,名词性从句（三）,2,一、主语从句的定义 二、主语从句的构成 三、主语从句的引导词 四、 it 可作形式主语 五、主语从句需注意的问题,3,找出下列句子中的主语： 1) You are a student. 2) His job is important. 3) To find your way can be a problem. 4) Smoking is bad for you. 5) What he does is important. 主语是动作的发出者或受到描述的对象。 通常位于谓语动词或系动词之前。,4,一、主语从句的定义： 在复合

2、句中位于谓语动词或系动词之前充当主语的句子，叫主语从句。 That he is still alive is a wonder. 二、主语从句的构成：,引导词 + 简单句 + 谓语动词/系动词 + 其他成分.,What he wants is a book.,5,三、主语从句的引导词： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who , whom, whose, which, what ； whatever，whoever，whichever 连接副词: when, where, how, why。,6,that that引导主语从句, that在从句中只起连接作用， 不作成分，

3、没有意义，不能省略。 That he will come is certain. 2. whether 1) whether引导主语从句，译为“是否”, 不能省略。 if 不能引导表语从句。 Whetherhellcomehereis a problem.,7,3. who, whom, whose, what, which when, where, how, why 1) wh-词各有自己的实际意义， 2) 在从句中作成分， 3) 不能省略， 4）从句中要用陈述语序。 Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. Whom she bor

4、rowed money from still puzzled him. Which side will win is not clear. What she said today was quite right.,8,When he will be back depends on the weather. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. Where and when he was born is a secret. Why he came here is not known. How we can protect the end

5、angered animals needs to be discussed. How many people died in the earthquake was unknown.,9,注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。,Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。 Whichever

6、 of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。,10,四、it 可作形式主语 为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻,经常用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 其结构为： It + 谓语动词/系动词 + 宾语/表语 + 主语从句. 例如: That we shall be late is certain. = It is certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to

7、all. = It is known to all that the earth is round. 2. whether they would support us was a problem . = It was a problem whether they would support us.,11,1. It + be + 形容词 + that 从句(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,) 如： Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam. 2. It +

8、 be + 名词词组 + that 从句 (anhonor,afact,apity,）如： Itsapitythatwecantgo.,用it 作形式主语的结构：,12,3.It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句 (said,reported,believed,suggested,known,thought,expected,decided,） 如： ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing. =Mr.Green is said to have arrived in Beijing. 主语+is said,to do to be doing to

9、 have done(动作发生在 is said 之前) to have been done to have been doing,13,He is said to go abroad soon.据说他不久要出国。 表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或将要发生 The tigers are said to be endangered.据说这些虎处于濒危状态 表示一般情况(尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时)。 They are said to be researching into the question.所说他们正在研究这个问题。 The film is said to have been go

10、ing on for two months.据说这部电影已经 上演两个月了。 This book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.据说这本书已经 被译成好几种外语。,14,4. It + 不及物动词或短语 + that 从句 ( seem, happen, doesntmatter ,） 如： IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday. (碰巧) It seems that he has known it.(好像.) Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeor

11、not.,15,注意:that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。,It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . +(should) do“ 据建议；有命令,有人要求” 该句型中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时 e.g. It is suggested that we （should） go at once. It is required that everyone here should be able to use computer. 2.It is important /necessary/

12、strange. that .+(should) do e.g.It is important that the students learn English well. It is strange that you should like him. It is necessary that you should master the computer.,16,1. 主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省； 2. 主语从句中用陈述语序； 主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导；,五、 主语从句需注意的问题,17,4. 主语从句后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数； Whetherhellcom

13、ehere_ (be) notclear. 5. what引导主语从句时，谓语动词： 1）常与其后的名词表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。 What you left _ (be) only several old books. What you said _ (be)of great importance.,is,are,is,18,1. Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.,2. You have made a mistake is a fact.,3. That is certain that we can win.,4. If t

14、he policemen will come is not certain.,we shall,That,It,Whether,改错练习:,19,5.It is say that he was a famous writer.,6.It is seemed that it is going to rain soon .,7. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,said,seems,Whoever,20,1._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether,2.

15、_ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This,3._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That,单项选择：,21,4.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning white. A. while B. that C. if D. for,5._ he said at the mee

16、ting shocked everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,6._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A.What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what,22,7._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where,8._ you dont like him is none of

17、 my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether,9._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where,23,LEVEL 1 翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。 1.What he wants is a book. 2.It is strange that you should like him. 3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you. 4.This is

18、 why he did it. 5.That he wants a book is certain. 6.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition. 7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much. 8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well. 9.The problem is whether you can sing it well. 10.Please tell me who your monitor is.,主语从句,主语从句,主语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,表语从句,24,LEVEL 1 翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。 1.What he wants is a book. 2.It is strange that you should like him. 3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you. 4.This is why he did it. 5.That he wants a book is certain. 6.I s