《新起点英语》(五年级下册)-知识总结-.doc

新起点英语（五年下册）知识点总结 14Unit 9 :1、同音词: our-hour2、名词复数: dish-dishes kind-kinds thing-things carrot-carrots answer-answerscountry-countries activity-activities 3、动词单三: go-goes do-does4、动词现在分词: skate-skating kick-kicking rain-raining play-playingrun-running shop-shopping swim-swimming 5、比较级、最高级 many/much-more fast-faster win（v.）赢-winner(n.)冠军1. on the weekend 在周末 2. play sports 做运动3. go shopping 去购物 4. go for a picnic 去野餐5. play in the school band参加校乐队 6. play the flute 吹笛子 7. do the dishes 洗碗 8. make a model plane 制作航模 9. learn to act 举办表演 10. kick a shuttlecock 踢毽子 11. go to the drama club 参加戏剧社 12. go roller-skating 去滚轴溜冰 13. play badminton 打羽毛球 14. after school 放学后 15. how often 多久一次 16. go to the gym 去体育馆 17. once a week 一周一次 18. students usual activities 学生们的日常活动 19. have a piano lesson 上钢琴课 21. in a special school 在一所专业学校 22. around the world 世界各地 23. kinds of music 许多种音乐 24. of course 当然 25. take PE. 上体育课 26. after school activity 课外活动 27. wake up 醒来 28. on Saturday（s） 在周六 29. at noon 在中午 30. go to the movies 去看电影 31. go outside 到外面去 32. walk the dog 遛狗 33. talk on the phone 通过电话交流、谈话 34. at this time 在这个时候 35. look for sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 寻找（强调找的过程） find 找到（强调找的结果）36. look at sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 看 37. look after sb. / sth. (n/pron 宾格) 照顾/照看某人；看管某物38.look out of. 向外面看 39. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（未做的事）40. wait for + sb. / sth(n/pron 宾格) 等某人/某事 41. wait and wait 等了又等 Go ahead. 去做吧可以(表示许可对方做某事,根据语境翻译)May I draw a picture here？ Go ahead.(去画吧。)Can I watch TV now？ Sure, go ahead.(当然可以，去看吧。)句型:What do you do after school？I often do sth.How often do you go there？I do sth once/twice a.How often does she/he？She / He does sth.语法1、对含有频率词提问用“how often.？”e.g. I go shopping four times a week？ （就划线部分提问） How often do you go shopping？2、乐器前有“the ” ,球类前没有“the ”e.g. play the piano play soccer3、动词现在分词的构成一般情况下在动词末尾直接加“ing” finish-finishing go-going动词以不发音“e”结尾，去“e”加 “ing” live-living come-coming在重读闭音节中，以辅音字母结尾，辅音字母前是一个元音字母，双写辅音字母，再加“ing” cut-cutting swim-swimmingUnit 10 :1、set the table 摆放餐具 2、clean the living room 打扫客厅3、take out the garbage 倒垃圾 4、sweep the floor 扫地5、make the bed 铺床 6、clear the table 收拾桌子7、have to 不得不 8、a lot of+ c(pl)/u 许多 eg: a lot of books 许多书 a lot of water 许多水9、do chores 做家务 10、look after sb./sth.(宾格) 照看，照顾, 看管 eg: look after my sister look after the dog look after her11. finish the art project 完成手工制作12、practice the piano练习弹钢琴13、study for a test 复习准备考试 14、the day after tomorrow 后天15、go ahead 去做吧！可以！16、what about+sb./sth./doing sth. 怎么样？ how about+sb./sth./doing sth. 怎么样？ eg: What about you? What about this cap? What about watching TV?17、go swimming 游泳 18、watch TV 看电视21、go home 回家 23、thank you for 为而感谢 24、go shopping 购物25、go to the library 去图书馆 26、listen to music 听音乐27、go to the park 去公园28、Its time to do sth. 是该做某事的时间了。 Its time for sth. 到的时间了。29、next time下次 30、play football 踢足球交际用语：1. go ahead. 去做吧，可以(表示许可，允许对方做某事。根据语境翻译)eg: May I draw a picture here? Go ahead.(去画吧)Can I watch TV now? Sure, go ahead. （当然可以，去看吧）2. Can I go to the movies? Sure, you can. But first you have to finish your project. Sorry, you cant. You have to practice the violin.句型一：谈论某人必须（不得不）做某事 肯定句：主语+ have/ has to do sth. Eg. I have to do sth. 否定句: 主语+ dont have to do sth. Eg. 1. I dont have to clean the room.2. My mother doesnt have to go shopping.一般疑问句及答语：Do / Does +主语+have to do sth? Yes, +主语do/does. No, +主语+dont./ doesnt. Eg. 1. Do you have to do your homework? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 2. Does Tom have to do chores every day? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + do / does +主语+ have to do sth?Eg. 1. What chores do you have to do?2. What do you have to do in your spare time?句型二：be going to +动词原形（将来时） eg:肯定句：It is going to be sunny tomorrow. 否定句：It isnt going to be sunny tomorrow. 一般疑问句及答语：Is it going to be sunny tomorrow? Yes, it is. / No, it isnt特殊疑问句：Whats the weather going to be like tomorrow?= How is the weather going to be tomorrow?测试题：It is going to be sunny tomorrow. （写出同意句） It will be sunny tomorrow.语法：1、 在具体某一天的前面用on eg: on Monday 在星期一2、 单词以元音开头时，前面冠词用an eg: an e-mail 一封电子邮件 an ear 一只耳朵 an eye 一只眼睛 an elephant 一头大象 an office 一间办公室 an hour 一小时 Unit 11 ：1. get plenty of sleep保持充足睡眠2. wash your hands before eating 吃饭前洗手3. drink milk every day 每天喝牛奶 4. clean the desk 擦桌子5. leave garbage everywhere 到处扔垃圾6. drink too much pop 喝太多汽水7. stay up late 熬夜 8. eat too much chocolate 吃太多巧克力9. eat too much meat 吃太多肉 10. role play 角色表演11. keep fit 保持健康13. tell sb (n/pron宾格)something about doing sth 告诉谋人关于做某事的事14. too many + C (pl.) 15. eat too many hamburgers 吃太多汉堡包 16. too much +U too much milk 太多的牛奶17. have a headache 头痛 18. have a running nose 流鼻涕19. have a cold 患了感冒 20. have a stomachache 胃疼21. have a toothache 牙痛 22. go to bed上床睡觉23. go to see a doctor看医生 24. wear a sweater穿着毛衣25.drink more water/milk喝更多水/牛奶 26. brush your teeth（pl）刷牙27. take some medicine U吃药 28. right after刚就29. feel tired感觉累30. feel sleepy感觉困 31. get good marks得好的分数32. be good at + sth. (n/pron宾格)/ doing sth.擅长某事/做某事33. have a problem有个问题34. have advice for sb. (n/pron宾格)有些建议給某人35. do morning exercises做早操 36. try these things试着做这些事37. feel better感觉好38. look like看起来像 39. want to be 想成为40. healthy habits健康习惯 41. school rules 学校规章42. home chores 家务 43. wonderful food 很棒的食物44. need to do 需要做 45. kinds of food许多种食物46. the bottom of the pyramid金字塔底部 47. the top of the pyramid 金字塔顶部 48. a little+ U 少许、一点（强调少而有）a little sugar/ fat 一点盐/脂肪49. junk food 垃圾食品50. be bad for(n/pron宾格) 对有害be bad for health对健康有害51. plenty of+。U / C（pl）大量的许多的plenty of fruit and vegetables许多的水果和蔬菜52. walk by the sea 在海边散步 53 wish(es) for希望54. come out 出来 55. a big dinner 大餐56. good health 好的健康状况 57. good habits 好的习惯58. bad habits 坏的习惯 59. keep clean 保持干净60. before doing sth. 在做某事之前before eating 吃饭前61. a grade-five student 一名五年级的学生62.talk about sb./sth/doing sth. (n/pron宾格) 谈论某人/某事/做某事63. agree with sb. (n/pron宾格) 同意某人的意见交际用语：1. Whats wrong? 你怎么了2. I have a cold/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache 我感冒/头痛/牙痛/胃痛。3. They tell us something about keeping fit. 他们告诉我们一些关于保持健康的事。4. What should I do? 我应该做什么?5. Im the shortest and thinnest boy in my class. 在我们班,我是最矮的最瘦的。6. I really want to be tall and strong. 我真的很想又高又强壮。7. Theyre bad for our health. 他们对我们的健康有害。8. I have some advice for you. 我有一些建议给你。9. I dont get good marks. 我没有得好的分数。10. Youll soon feel better. 你不久将会感觉很好。11. Do you wash your hands before eating? 在饭前你洗手了吗？12. Now I see. 我知道了。13. Lets talk about good habits and bad habits. 让我们谈论好的习惯和坏的习惯。14. I agree with you. 我同意你的意见。 五. 句型：（一）含情态动词should的句型肯定句：主（sb）+ should + do sth.e.g. I should drink milk every day. We should eat some fruit.否定句：主（sb）+ shouldnt + do sth.e.g. You shouldnt play too much on the computer.He shouldnt leave garbage everywhere.一般疑问句：Should+ 主 + do sth.？e.g. Should I watch TV？Yes, you should.Should she eat junk food？No, she shouldnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+主（sb）+ should+ do sth.e.g. What should I do?特殊情况：主（sb）+ should be+ adje.g. I should be young and strong.主（sb）+ shouldnt be+ adje.g. He shouldnt be talkative.测试题型举例：根据要求完成各题1. I always feel tired. What should I do? ( 用exercise回答) every day.2. You should get plenty of sleep. (改为否定句) You 3. I have a running nose. (对画线部分提问) with you?4. Lucy should drink more water. (改为否定句) 5. I should eat some candy? (变为一般疑问句) （二）主语+ wish for sth./doing. Eg. I wish for good marks.五. 语法小结：（一）关于should1、用should提建议通常含有命令、批评、责备等语气,多用于熟人或朋友之间。2、第一人称疑问句中,用于征求对方意见。例如:Should I help you wash clothes? 要我帮你洗衣服?Should I go there by bus? 我是否应当坐公共汽车去那里?3、使用should的几点注意：1）should+动词原形。2）should 的否定直接在后面加not, 疑问句直接把should提前。3）没有第三人称和数的变化。 （二）拓展： a little 与little 辨析1little adj 小的 little + C eg. There is a little girl under the tree.The little birds are beautiful. adj 少的, 少许.一点（强调“有而少”表示否定含义）little + U There is little water in the cup. 茶杯里几乎没有水了。2. a little少许.一点（强调“少而有”表示肯定含义）a little + UThere is a little water in the cup. 茶杯里还有点水。Unit 12 : 短语：1、at least 至少3、take a shower 洗澡 4、brush your teeth 刷牙5、comb your hair 梳头 6、wash your hands 洗手7、care for 关心 8、see the doctor 看医生9、stay up late 熬夜 11、on the way to 在去的路上12、feed fish 喂鱼14、look after the dog 照顾狗18、have a picnic 野餐19、go shopping 购物 22、go to concerts 去音乐会表示频率的词或短语：never、often、sometimes、once a week、 three times a week、every day三、交际用语1、What wrong? 2、What is the matter with you?3、I have a cold. 4、You will enjoy your life.5、To be healthy. 6、What time is it?7、What is the time? 8、I have an idea! 四、句型：句型一：描述某人必须（不得不）做某事肯定句: 主语 + have/has to do sth.I have to go home now.He has to do his homework.否定句: 主语 + doesnt have to do sth.I dont have to go home now.He doesnt have to do his homework.一般疑问句: Do you have to go home? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Does he have to do his homework? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + have to do sth? What do you have to do? What does he have to do?Unit 13 : 单词的过去式do-did go-went visit-visited watch-watched play-played clean-cleaned stay-stayed row-rowed climb-climbed sing-sang dance-danced eat-ate study-studied is(am)-was are-were三、短语1. last weekend 上周末2. do homework 做作业3. go to a dancing lesson去上舞蹈课4. go to the park 去公园5. visit grandparents 拜访祖父母6. watch TV 看电视7. play the piano 弹钢琴8. clean the living room 打扫客厅9. stay at home 呆在家10. play ping-pong 打乒乓球11. go to the club 去俱乐部12. go to the math club 去数学俱乐部13. clean the room 打扫房间14. row the boat 划船15. climb a hill 爬山16. eat the cake 吃蛋糕17. all day 整天，全天18. study English 学习英语19. go to a birthday party 去生日聚会20. play computer games玩电脑游戏21. visit friends 拜访朋友in the moring 在早上22. in the afternoon 在下午23. in the evening 在晚上24. make a birthday cake 制作一个生日蛋糕25. go to the zoo 去动物园26. see the animal show 看动物表演27. do some chores 做一些家务28. an exciting weekend 一个令人兴奋的周末29. hockey team 曲棍球队30. by bus 乘公共汽车31. stay in a big hotel呆在一家大旅馆32. get up 起床33. eat breakfast 吃早餐34. play games 做游戏35. the gold medal game 金牌比赛36. back home 回家37. wash the face 洗脸38. kiss mom/dad 吻妈妈/爸爸39. in front of 在前面40. get angry 变生气41. feed the animal 喂动物42. have a good time=have a great time=have fun 玩的高兴43. watch a football match 观看足球比赛44. the Science Museum 科学博物馆45. wash colthes 洗衣服46. go shopping 去购物47. practice the piano 练习钢琴48. play sports=do sports 做运动一、 句型：过去时的句子结构（一） 句子中有be动词a.肯定句：主语+was / were+其他。Eg: I was a teacher before.b.否定句：主语+ wasnt / werent +not+其他。Eg: I wasnt a teacher before.c.一般疑问句：Was / Were +主语+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+ was / were.否定回答：No,主语+ wasnt / werent.Eg: Were you a teacher before? Yes, I was. No, I wasnt.(二) 句子中有实义动词a.肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。Eg：I went to the park yesterday.b.否定句：主语+ didnt + 动词原形+其他。Eg: I didnt go to the park yesterday.c.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他?肯定回答: Yes, 主语 + did.否定回答：No, 主语 + didnt.Eg: Did you go to the park yesterday?Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Unit 14 : 单词：动词不规则的过去式see-saw feel-felt eat-ate swim-swamlose-lost sleep-slept have-has take-tookbuy-bought / / drink-drank go-went come-came短语：1. a wonderful vacation 一个精彩的假期2. feel cold 感觉寒冷3. eat ice-cream 吃冰淇淋4. see animals 看动物5. lose camera 丢失照相机6. stay in the hotel 待在旅馆里7. sleep late 晚睡8. drink cold drinks 喝冷饮9. on the beach 在海滨10. have pizza 吃比萨11. buy some souvenirs 买纪念品12. on ones vacation 在某人的假期13. a lot of = lots of+ c (pl)/ u 许多14. in the sea 在海里15. have a lot of fun 过得愉快16. ride horses 骑马 17. make some new friends 交一些新朋友18. teach English 教英语19. by+交通工具 乘坐交通工具20. climb hills 爬山21. visit an old friend 拜访一个老朋友22. buy sth. for sb. (n/pron宾格) 为某人买某物=buy sb. sth. (n/pron宾格)23. buy many gifts 买许多礼物24. in the past ten years 在过去的十年里25. learn many languages 学习许多语言26. on ones trip 在某人的旅途中27. different countries 不同的国家28. around the world 世界各地29. the Oriental Pearl Tower 东方明珠电视塔30. the whole day 一整天31. a beautiful place 一个美丽的地方32. look for sb. / sth. (n./pron宾格) 寻找交际用语：1. Where did you go on your vacation? I / We went to2. How did you go there? I / We went there by语法：动词的一般过去时I.一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：lastyear,yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often,always等频率副词连用。 例如：Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。 LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。 II.一般过去时的构成 我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。 动词过去式的构成： (1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。在清辅音后面ed发/t/，e.g. look-looked。在浊辅音和元音后面ed发/d/，eg. playpalyed, rainrained; 在/ t / ，/ d / 后面发/ id / eg. wanted。如：以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：live-lived。 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed 读/d/。如：study-studied。 (2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took,have(has)-had等。 III.一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其它。如： Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句：主语+ didnot(didnt) + 动词原形 + 其它。如：Hedidntgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。 一般疑问句：Did + 主语动词原形其它？如： 1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek? -Yes,wedid.(No,wedidnt.) 2)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore? -No,Ididnt.(Yes,Idid.) 特殊疑问句：疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？如： 1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight? -Ididmyhomework. 2)-Wheredidyougolastweek? -IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents. 例子：Yesterday, I lost my camera.(肯定句) Yesterday, I didnt lose my camera.(否定句) Did you lose your camera yesterday?(一般疑问句) 划线提问：What did you do yesterday?Unit15 :英语中序数词构成规则：1、第1-第19中第1、第2、第3为特殊变化。第4-第19末尾都有th, 但第5、第8、 第9、第12几个序数词是在5、8、9、12几个基数词稍加变化后再加th. 特殊序数词： 第一 first =1st 第二 second =2nd 第三 third= 3rd第五 fifth= 5th 第八 eighth =8th 第九 ninth = 9th第十二 twelfth =12th其余几个序数词则是在原来基数词后直接加th. e.g: thirteenth (第13) 2、 整十数单词的序数词是在基数词的基础上把末尾字母y变成ieth,e.g: twenty-twentieth3、 其他的21-100以内的序数词（整十数除外）是在整十的基数词后直接加第1-第9的序数词。e.g: twenty-first (第21) eighty- sixth (第86)4、 序数词缩写形式均为：第1： 1th、第2：2nd、第3：3rd其余均为阿拉伯数字+th。 e.g: fourth（4th） eighty-fifth (85th) l noisy（形容词）noise（名词）一、 短语1、nursery school 幼儿园2、primary school 小学3、Young Pioneer 少先队员4、be born 出生5、this year 今年6、last year 去年7、be good at sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事8、a lot of=lots of+ C (pl) / U 许多9、PE class 体育课12、math competition 数学竞赛13、ride a bike 骑自行车16、enough sleep U 充足的睡眠17、healthy food 绿色食品18、look up 向上看19、on the farm 在农场20、too much 太多21、in a few weeks 几周以后22、once upon a time 从前23、run away 跑开，逃跑24、one by one 一个接一个25、come out of 从出来26、learn to do sth 学习做某事27、start to do sth 开始做某事28、on May 5th,1994 在1994年5月5日29、be different from 与不同30、last summer 去年夏天二、 交际用语：1、 When were you born?I was born on May15th,1994.2、 When did you learn to ride a bike?When I was 6 years old.3、 How are you different from two years ag