懂你英语Level4-Unit-3

1 L4 Unit 3 1 listening 时间时间花花费费 Look at these 2 pie graphs They show how these 2 people spend their days not including weekends The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days She is a designer who works for a company As Emma s graph shows the biggest portion of her day is spent w orking She works an average of 8 hours a day which is one third of her day She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25 of her day That s less sleep than Martin gets According to his graph he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29 of his day On the other hand Martine who is engineer works more hours than Emma does Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma s 8 That s 37 5 compare to 33 Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills As you can see for Martin commuting is taking a large amount of his time If he could reduce his commute time he will have more time for other things And it isn t just the time When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week He life will be more enjoyable And we look at Emma s graph we see she probably needs more sleep Perhaps she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends On the other hand socializing with her friend is some thing she really values As for putting on makeup she isn t willing to change that For her exercising socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work In conclusion Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job As the graph shows money was the most important factor for 25 of the applicants However other factors are also important The second most important factor was the work environment In other words for many money is everything People want to like where they work In fact if we combine working environment and co workers the total is 35 This is well above the 25 for salary and benefits Taking together they are more important than salary and benefits Career path is also important especially for younger applicants They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career For older workers this may not be as important Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work What do you think 2 L4 Unit 3 1 vocabulary 领领土 土 军军事 政治 政事 政治 政权权状状态态 The government of a country is a control system Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens The land over which a government has controlled is its territory A country s territory has boundaries or borders When you leave or enter a country s territory you usually need a passport The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries A country s militaryprovidesdefensefor its territory and its citizens The military includes an army an air force and a navy The main purpose of a military is to defend a country from attack A country s criminal justice system includes the police courts and prisons Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities A country social services system provides support to people in need It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children Anarchy n 混乱 无政府状态 无秩序 autocracy n 独裁 独裁统治 独裁政府 独 裁政体 Oligarchy n 寡头统治的政府 寡头政治的执政集团 寡头统治的国家 Astate of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government In anarchy there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws An autocracy is the simplest form of government In an autocracy the government is controlled by single individual known as autocrat Whether or not an autocracy is successful depends on the character and ability of the leader In an oligarchy a small group of people controls the government Membership in this group often depends on family connection wealth or military power In a republic individuals are elected to represent the citizens The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow This limits the power of a government A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens 3 L4 Unit 3 1 dialogue 谈论谈论工作工作 Ihear you lost your job is that right Yes that s right I quit I quit because the way my boss treats people What happen I was n t feeling good one day and he yelled at me While I told him not to yell at me he threatened me Is that all That s what bosses do Sure sometime maybe But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it It was the less The last str Yes it reached the point where I couldn t take it anymore I see So now you d on t have a job Right I don t have a job But at least I don t have to deal with my boss thing What are you going to do now To be honest I m not sure but I ll fine something I ll get a job even if it pays less than before Are you sorry your quit Yes and no I guess I should have found another job first and then quit Why didn t you As I said he pushed me too far There were some things that I just won take What about your wife She isn t happy that I don t have a job but she understands She knows I have temper And she knows I wasn t happy working there Well I get some luck My job isn t great but I like the people I m working with and I like my manager Are you planning to stay there Idon t know For now it s ok But of course i t all depends on how things change Well if you hear of any job openings let me know OK Sure send me your resume and I ll let people know you re looking Thanks 4 L4 Unit 3 2 listening 朗朗朗朗 Lang Lang is one of the world s greatest concert pianist His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old He watched the canton in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt From this experience he decided he wanted to learn to play piano When he was 3 and a half years ago he started piano lessons 2 years later he won first place in the piano competition This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist When Lang Lang was 9 years ago his father quit his job and took him to Beijing They left everything behind including his mother who had to work Lang Lang didn t want to leave her behind but his father insisted His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music When they moved to Beijing they rented a flat in a poor area of the city During this time Lang Lang practiced several hours a day They started practicing at 5 o clock which upset his neighbors They would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory His lessons were expensive and very difficult especially because of his piano teacher His music teacher didn t like Lang Lang he called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time One afternoon his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home Upon hearing the news his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live He ordered Lang Lang to jumpoff the 11th floor balcony After this Lang Lang almost went crazy He didn t want to play the piano anymore For several months he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano For the next 19 months he practiced hard and his father encouraged him Finally when he was ten he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship In 1995 when he was 13 years old he played music by show at Beijing concert hall In that same year he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan When he was 15 he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute Since then he career has grown and he has become a major star One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles In 2010 Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars In 2011 he performed at white house for president of Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China With all of his success and fame Lang Lang tries to encourage others He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young 5 musicians And in the end Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship In his autobiography Mr Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father L4 Unit 3 2 vocabulary 财务财务 地理 地理 Aperson debt is how much he or she owes to others Debt can be in the form of money products and services owes to someone else If you borrow money they were taking on new debt An asset is something that has value such as money property or even a nice personality Assets can be used to pay off debts Specialized knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money Real estate is properties such as land houses and buildings Buying selling or renting property is the business of real estate Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments Inventory is a detail list of items in one s possession In business one s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale If a store runs out of the things for sale it needs to resupply its inventory An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase A good investment can produce income such as rent income If the value of that assets falls the investment will lose money China is the second largest country in the world by land area A major issue for china is the continuing expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring Many of the world most polluted cities are located there South Asia is referred to as Indian sub contin ent It s called the sub continent because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea It s one of world s poorest region with about 75 of the poor living in rural areas Europe is western neighbor of Asia It s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic ocean The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands It s located on the south China sea The country s capital city is Manila 6 Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30 of the earth land area Several island nations are also a part of Asia including Japan The world s tallest mountain is in Asia including Mount Everest L4 Unit 3 2 dialogue 谈论谈论投票投票选举选举 Hey have you decided how you re going to vote Not I haven t I don t like any kind of candidates So you aren t going to vote Mu I don t know Probably not It seems like a waste of time Really why do you think of a waste of time Have you listened to any of their speeches Yes I have and I agree that their speeches are n t very good Exactly I can t believe anything they say They are just saying what they think we want to hear Sure you want to get elected I admit th at the system isn t perfect and it s always have Whether I vote or not won t make a difference It s all the show Well I think you should vote Do a little research about the candidates Have you Yes I have I have looked into their backgrounds and their education How can that help For example if they know something about science it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change Yes that s good point We need well educated people make decisions And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them What issues do you think are most important I guess for me pollution housing and taxes are important I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues Yes I agree with you Maybe I will vote especially if we could get together and talk more about it Whatabout dinner tomorrow night Sorry I m busy tomorrow night Oh that s too bad Do you have any time in the next few days I will take you to a nice restaurant 7 Actually I m quite busy But I may have time Sunday afternoon We can have lunch someone near the office Sure that was for me I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details ok OK I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support L4 Unit 3 3 listening 蜜蜂 蜂蜜蜂 蜂农农与与环环境境 Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature In additional to making honey honeybees help many plants reproduce They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant s flower or carried to another flower This is how the plant reproduce For reproduction to succeed the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction This included many fruits and vegetables Beside honeybees there are many other pollinators including birds insects and other kind of bees Without enough pollinators many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find This included almonds and cherries Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees In addition to collecting honey some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers They do this by raising and managing colonis of bees Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies A bee colony consists of a queen bee male drones and thousands of male worker bees Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stage of development The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes A colony s population increase s during the warm season and decreases during the colder season In recent year many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 of their 8 colonies This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops In some parts of the world a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20 There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse One possible cause is the use of new pesticides Other possible causes include infections from viruses genetic factors and malnutrition 营养不良 Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder These changes in weather may weaken the bees making it more difficult for them to fight infections Whatever the causes of colony collapse it s important to understand that many parts of our world are inter dependent Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species A change to our environment can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict In any complex system such as the earth environment small changes can cause a un consequences The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better L4 Unit 3 3 vocabulary 商品 服商品 服务务和工作和工作 Goods and services supply whatpeople need or want Goods are things such food and clothing Services included things such as health care and police protection A country needs natural and human resources Natural resources include fresh water supplies farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services Once we had supplies of goods and services they need to distribute throughout the country Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines 9 We live in an age of advertising Advertising lets people know about goods and services It educates people about a product being advertised Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country For example many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia Employees are the people who work for a company Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track People who hire and direct the work of other are managers Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job In an interview the applicants can ask question abo ut a company and company can find out about a person s skills and experience An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company If the salary and benefits are good enough employees may take a job and stay with the company Benefits includes vacation time health insurance and bonusesfor employees who do a good job When apply for job it s important to have skills and experience needed for the job Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce Unforeseen L4 Unit 3 3 dialogue 谈论谈论租房与房租房与房东东 You don t look good is something bothering you Yes it s my landlord Oh is it something wrong with your flat No that s not something wrong with the flat But I m going to have to move out Why did you have