动词ing形式作表语-定语和宾语补足语

概念引入概念引入 The music they are playing sounds so exciting We watched three boys sharing their food with each Our job is playing all kinds of music The girl singing now is a classmate of mine 用法讲解用法讲解 非谓语动词中的非谓语动词中的 inging 形式包括两种 形式包括两种 一种是动名词 另外一种是现在分词 基本形式 1 1 ing ing 形式作表语形式作表语 1 ing 形式作表语时放在系动词之后 用来泛指某种动作或行为 以说明主语的具体内容 身份 性质或情况 如 Her hobby is painting 她的业余爱好是画画 My job is looking after the children 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子 2 ing 用来表示主语所具有的特征 如 His concern for his mother is most touching 他对母亲的关爱很感人 His words are encouraging 他的话很鼓舞人 2 2 ing ing 形式作定语形式作定语 1 说明被修饰名词的作用和用途 如 building materials materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room a room for reading 阅览室 2 说明被修饰名词的性质和程度 如 tiring music music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 3 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作 如 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长 The student making the experiment is our monitor 我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳 We can see the rising sun AttentionAttention 1 单个 ing 形式作定语时 放在所修饰的名词之前 ing 形式短语作定语时 放在所修饰的 名词之后 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句 如 They lived in a room facing the street They lived in a room that faces the street 他们住在一间面朝街的房子 The man standing there is Peter s father The man who is standing there is Peter s father 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲 2 V ing 过去分词 不定式做定语时的区别 The student making the experiment is our monitor They lived in a room facing the street 正在举行的会议非常重要 The meeting being held now is very important 昨天举行的会议非常重要 The meeting held yesterday is very important 明天要举行的会议非常重要 The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important 3 ing 形式短语也可以用作非限制定语 相当于一个非限制性定语从句 这时 它与句子其他 部分用逗号分开 如 His brother working as a teacher lives in Beijing His brother who is working as a teacher lives in Beijing 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京 The apple tree swaying gently in the breeze had a good crop of fruit The apple tree which was swaying gently in the breeze had a good crop of fruit 那棵苹果树硕果累累 在微风中轻轻摇曳 3 3 ing ing 形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 1 动词 ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面 表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作 强调一 个正在进行的动作或一种状态 如 当我们回到学校时 发现一个陌生人站在大门口 When we returned to the school we found a stranger standing at the entrance 我发现地板上放着一个包 I found a bag lying on the ground 那老板让工人整夜地工作 The boss kept the workers working the whole night 2 当主句转换为被动结构时 原来作宾语补足语的动词 ing 形式便转换为主语补足语 如 They found the result very satisfying The result was found very satisfying They heard him singing in the next room He was heard singing in the next room 3 能用 ing 形式作宾语补足语的几类动词 a 感官动词 常见的有 see hear feel smell find notice observe 等 如 We saw a light burning in the window I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder Can you smell anything burning As he spoke he observed everybody looking at him curiously Listen to the birds singing I didn t notice him waiting b 使役动词 常见的有 have set keep get catch leave 等 如 I won t have you doing that This set me thinking I m sorry to have kept you waiting I can t get the clock going again You won t catch me doing that again 4 see hear feel watch 等动词之后用 ing 形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别 前者表示动作正在进行 而后者表示 或强调 动作从开始到结束的全过程 如 We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment 我们走过教室 看见老师在做实验 只在走过教室的刹那间 看见老师正在做实验 We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment 我们坐了一个小时 看老师做实验 一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词 动词不定式短语表示一次动作 而 ing 形式则表示反复动 作 如 We heard the door slam 一次动作 We heard the door slamming 反复动作 巩固练习巩固练习 完成句子完成句子 1 It s wrong of you to 让机器开着 run 2 What he said 令人信服的 we can trust him convince 3 The news 令人感到惊讶的 we were all astonished at it astonish 4 The building 正在建 is our new library build 5 He was caught 偷车 and sent to the police station steal 6 I saw him 正在玩游戏 when I passed play 7 Some old man have to walk with the help of sticks 拐杖 walk 8 I found Mary 正向一个男孩儿低语 just now whisper 9 There were some boys 在窗户附近大声喊叫 so I couldn t fall asleep shout 10 A student will be immediately dismissed if he 被发现吸烟 in school 单项选择单项选择 1 Yesterday our head teacher made such an speech that we all felt A exciting exciting B excited excited C exciting excited D excited exciting 2 When I caught him me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop A cheated B cheating C to cheat D to have cheated 3 The children the violin over there will go on the stage next week A playing B play C played D to play 4 The boy over there is my younger brother A cried B being cried C crying D to cry 5 After a knock at the door the child heard his mother s voice him A calling B called C being called D to call 6 He is a student at Oxford University for a degree in computer science A studied B studying C to have studied D to be studying 7 Miss John s habit is without through understanding A read B being read C to be read D reading 8 The tower the Warring States is well worth visiting A dated from B dated back from C dating from D to date from 9 With no rain for three months and food supplies out the situation here is getting from bad to worse A run B running C to run D to be run 10 Who would you like to see at the moment The man Mr Green A called himself B we call him C calling himself D is called 11 The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to eh beauty of nature A to smell B smelling C smelt D to be smelt 12 The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the A 20 dollars remained B 20 dollars to remain C remained 20 dollars D remaining 20 dollars 13 The man there is our headmaster Would you like to go over and say hello to him A stand B to stand C is standing D standing 14 The noise of desks could be heard out in the street We knew there must be a school nearby A opening and closing B opened and closed C to be opened and closed D being opened and closed 15 His job was people with all kinds of tricks he can think of A entertain B entertaining C entertained D to entertaining 答案与解析 完成句子完成句子 1 leaving the machine running 2 is convincing 3 is astonishing 4 being built 5 stealing a car 6 playing games 7 walking 8 wispering to a boy 9 shouting near the window 10 is found smoking 单项选择单项选择 1 答案 C 解析 考查形容词 第一空作定语修饰物 用动词ing 形式 第二空作表语 修饰 人 用 v ed 形式 选 C 2 答案 B 解析 依据前半句意思 当我发现他欺骗我时 可以判断出 句中的 him 与动作 欺骗 为主谓关系 因此用现在分词作宾语补足语 故答案为 B 3 答案 A 解析 根据句子结构 我们可以看出这是一个简单句 主语是 The children 谓 语部分是 will go on the stage 动词 play 显然在句中不作谓语 应用非谓语动词形式 依据 play 与它的逻辑主语 children 之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在进行 可以判断用现在分词 作定语修饰 children 意为 正在那边拉小提琴的小孩 因而正确答案为 playing 4 答案 C 解析 依据 cry 与它的逻辑主语 The boy 之间的主动关系和 cry 的动作正在进行 所以用现在分词作定语修饰 boy 因而正确答案为 crying 5 答案 A 解析 句意 敲完门后 那个孩子听见他妈妈喊他 Voice 与 call 之间是主动关 系 故排除 B 和 C 两项 感官动词 hear 加宾补成为