定语从句删减版ppt课件.ppt

Unit4Earthquakes 定语从句 1 先来看几个相关术语1 定语2 定语从句3 先行词4 关系词 2 1 定语 定语用来限定 修饰名词或代词的 是对名词或代词起修饰 限定作用的词 短语或句子 汉语中常用 的 表示 acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor 2 定语从句 修饰某一名词或代词的从句 DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning 3 Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart Tomisahandsomeboy Thelittleboyneedsabluepen Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina Themanstandingthereismyteacher Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前 作前置定语 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后 作后置定语 定语从句 一个句子充当定语 4 Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves Hewholaughslastlaughsbest Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit 自助者天助 谁笑到最后 谁笑得最好 世上无难事 只怕有心人 Guessthemeaningofthefollowingproverbs 5 定语从句位置 一定放在被修饰成分之后 ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin SheisthegirlwhocanspeakEnglishwell 6 定语从句的关系代词 1 who 指人 在定语从句中作主语 Thisisthedoctor Hesavedmylife Thisisthedoctorwhosavedmylife Thegirlisinourclass ShelikesJay ThegirlwholikesJayisinourclass 7 whom 指人 在定语从句中作宾语 可省略 Doyouknowthemanwhomwesawyesterday 你认识我们昨天看到的那个男人吗 你刚才看到的那个人是我的老板 Themanwhomyousawjustnowismyboss 8 2 which 指物 在定语从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略 Chinaisacountry Ithasalonghistory Thisisthebook Youneeditfortheexam Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory 中国是一个历史悠久的国家 主语 Thisisthebook which youneedfortheexam 这正是你考试所需要的书 宾语 9 3 that 可指人 物 在定语从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略 ThemanisZhangYimou Hemakessomegoodfilms ThemanthatmakessomegoodfilmsisZhangYimou Thenoodlesweredelicious Icookedthenoodles ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious 10 回顾 11 一 that和which用法的区别 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 Iamsureshehassomething youcanborrow 2 先行词被all any every each much little no some few等修饰时 1 只能用that不用which的情况 that Doyouhaveanything youdon tunderstand that Pleasesendusanyinformation youhaveaboutthesubject that 12 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 Thisisthefirstbook hehasread that Itisthemostbeautifulcity I veeverseen that 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 Thisistheverybook belongstohim that Heistheonlyperson waspresentatthetime that 13 6 先行词是who或which引导的主句 Whoisthegirl drovethecar 5 先行词既有人又有物时 Thefamouswriterandhisworks theradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents that that 7 当关系代词在从句中作表语时 Maryisnolongerthegirl that sheusedtobe Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe 14 1 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语 介词提前 Therearemanytrees theycanhavearest Thisisthering shespent1000dollars 2 只用which不用that的情况 2 在非限制性定语从句中 Football isaverypopulargame isplayedallovertheworld underwhich onwhich which 15 1 Herbag inwhichsheputallhermoney hasbeenstolen 2 Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars 2 在介词后面 指事物用which 指人用whom 且关系代词不能省略 16 二 只用who的情况 One hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth Theones laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents Anyone failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished Those wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere who who who who 先行词是one ones anyone those时用who 17 whose的先行词指物时 可用ofwhich代替 但语序不同 即whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhich 或 ofwhich the 名词 如 Thenovelwhosetitle thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle isRedandBlackisveryinteresting whose引导的定语从句 其先行词既可以指人也可以指物 18 whose的先行词指人时 可用ofwhom代替 但语序不同 即whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhom 或 ofwhom the 名词 如 Theboywhosemother themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother isadoctorismyfriend 19 theusageoftherelativeadverb when where why time place reason 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 20 用关系副词when时 先行词指时间 when在定语从句中作时间状语 when可换成 介词 关系代词 如 Istillrememberthedaywhen onwhich IfirstcametoNanjing Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen inwhich WorldWar brokeout 1 when 21 用关系副词where时 先行词指地点 where在定语从句中作地点状语 where可换成 介词 关系代词 如 Thisisthefarmwhere onwhich weworkedwhenwewereyoung Theschoolwhere inwhich hismotherteachesisinthewestofthecity 2 where 22 用关系副词why时 先行词指原因 why在定语从句中作原因状语 why可换成 介词 关系代词 如 Thereareseveralreasonswhy forwhich theboysshouldbepunished Tomcouldn tgivetheteacherthereasonwhy forwhich hewaslateforschool 3 why 23 4 关系副词的用法注意点 1 当先行词为time 表示 次数 时 应用关系词that或省略 如 Thisisthefirsttime that thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry 2 当point situation case 等词作先行词表示 情况 境地 场合 等意思时 其后常由where引导定语从句 where在句中作状语 如 Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused 24 Letmethinkofapropersituation thissentencecanbeused A whereB thatC ofwhomD which A 先行词是situation case scene 一般用where 25 14 Thisisthesamepen Ilostyesterday A asB thatC theoneD A B D 比较 thesamepenasIlost