九年级英语定语从句课件.ppt

Unit6IlikemusicthatIcandanceto Period2 1 Themanisaworker 2 Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 合并句子 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker 定语从句 概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子 Attributiveclause Maryisabeautifulgirl Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 形容词作定语 句子作定语 修饰girl 叫做定语从句 Maryisagirl Maryhaslonghair 合并为一个句子 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 关系代词 关系副词 which who whom whose that Where when 定语从句的用法 当先行词是物时 用which或that引导 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear 当先行词是人时 用who whom whose that引导 who whom whose that用法区别 who作定语从句的主语或宾语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker Themanisaworker Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 分解 作主语 Whom作定语从句的宾语 Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher Thewomanisateacher Theywantedtovisitthewoman 分解 作宾语 whose作定语从句的定语 Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 分解 Iknowthegirl Thegirl smotherisateacher 作定语 that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 注意 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略 Thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher 下列情况只能用that 序数词或最高级adj修饰先行词时 TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown all everything nobody等不定代词作先行词时 Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue Exercise 1 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose 3 Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer 2 YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress Igaveher 4 Myparentsliveinahouse ismorethan100yearsold 5 Theboywith Johnspokeismybrother which that whom 6 Kevinisreadingabook istoodifficultforhim which that 7 Isthereanything youwanttobuyinthetown 8 All wecandoistostudyhard 9 Thefirstone standsupisalittleboy that that that 句子翻译 1 这就是救了那个孩子命的医生 Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy slife 2 正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔 Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle 3 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐 IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith 4 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师 Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher Thankyou Bye bye Hello Everyone Welcometoourclass theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhich thatissmallisred Theapplewhich thatisbigisgreen Theapplewhich thatisredissmall Theapplewhich thatisgreenisbig thehandsomethelovelythestrongtheclever aboy TheboyisTom Theboywho thatishandsomeisTom Theboywho thatislovelyisTom Theboywho thatisstrongisTom Theboywho thatiscleverisTom Additional 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 定语从句一定要放在先行词的后面 Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic 先行词 关系词 定语从句 TheAttributiveClause relativepronouns Aplaneisamachinethat whichcanfly Heistheman that who whom Itoldyouabout 注意 介词提前时只能用which而不能用that fromthat fromwhich which that which that which that fromwhich who that whom who that who that towhom Mrs Clarkisangrywiththegoat Thegoatiseatingherflowers Mrs Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich thatiseatingherflowers Canyoulendmethebook Youtalkedaboutitlastnight Canyoulendmethebook which that youtalkedaboutlastnight Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhichyoutalkedlastnight DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow Doyoufindthepen which that Iwrotewithjustnow TheboyisTom Theboyissmiling Theboywho thatissmilingisTom Theboywho thathasaroundfaceisTom Themanwho thatsitsinfrontofmeisTom subject Themaniskind Everyonelikeshim Theman who that everyonelikesiskind Thewoman whom that wesawonthestreetgotthejob Theteacher whom whom wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk object Theboy whom who that youwanttotalktoisinthelab Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab Thisistheboy whom who that Isitbehind ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 2 先行词被all every no some any little much等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 5 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which that that that 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 that whom who that which that who that whom that 2 关系代词whose一般置于名词前 这是其他关系代词和关系副词没有的用法 既修饰表人的名词也修饰表物的名词 Helivesinthehousewhosewindowsfacetotheeast Doyouknowtheboywhoselegwasbroken Imagineyouareacustomerandyourpartneristheassistantoftheshop makeadialogue Youcanaddmorequestionsifyoulike A WhatcanIdoforyou C Iwanttobuy A thisone C No Iliketheonewhi ch that A Theonewhich thatyouwanttobuyissoleout Wouldyoulikeanother C Ok Givemetheonewhich that A Hereyouare C Howmuchisit TheEndThankyou Agame What sthenameofthestudent Thestudentwho whomyoutoldmeis 定语从句的牛鼻子 王光煊 英语中 将在复合句中作定语 修饰主句中的某名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词 通常放在定语从句之前 引导定语从句的引导词 也叫关联词 可以是关系代词 如that which who whom whose等 或者关系副词 如when where why等 引导词通常位于先行词和定语从句之间 它既起联系作用 又充当从句中的某个句子成分 定语从句的基本结构是 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类别 限制性定语从句是先行词必不可少的定语 与主句关系十分密切 如果被删去 则主句的意义就不完整甚至失去意义 书写时主从句之间不可用逗号分开 非限制性定语从句是对先行词附加的文字说明作用 与主句关系不是很密切 如果被删去 也并不影响逐句的意思和完整性 书写时主从句之间往往用逗号分开 定语从句这个语法项目中 最复杂也是最关键的知识就属关联词了 要掌握好定语从句的引导词的用法 我们必须从下面的这些方面入手 一 判断定语从句引导词的一般规律 1 关系代词 1 that既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物 在从句中充当主语或宾语 例如 Who stheboythatisreadingabook 正在看书的这个男孩是谁 指人 作主语 Themanthatyoutalkedtoismyuncle 和你说话的那个人是我叔叔 指人 作宾语 ThetrainthathasjustleftisforShanghai 刚发车的这趟列车是去上海的 指物 作主语 Canyoushowmethephoto that youlikebest 你能把你最喜欢的这张照片给我看看吗 指物 作宾语 2 whose既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物 在从句中充当定语 例如 Thisisthegirlwhosemathbookislost 这就是丢了数学书的女孩 指人 作定语 Thehousewhosewindowsareclosedismine 窗户都关着的这栋房子就是我家 指物 作定语 3 which用来指代事物 在从句中作主语或宾语 例如 Lookatthekiteswhichareflyinginthesky 瞧瞧那些在空中飞舞的风筝 指物 作主语 Thepen which I musingisprettygood 我正在用的这支笔相当好 指物 作宾语 4 who用来指人 在从句中作主语或宾语 例如 Couldyourecognizethethiefwhostoleyourthings 你能认出偷了你的东西的那个小偷吗 作主语 Theman who youwanttomeethascome 你要见的人来了 作宾语 5 whom用来指人 在从句中作宾语 例如 I dliketomakefriendswiththegirlwhomyouaretalkingto 我想和与你说话的这个女孩交朋友 作介词宾语 Theman whom youwanttomeethascome 你要见的人来了 作动词宾语 2 关系副词 1 when表示时间 在定语从句中作时间状语 例如 Couldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft 你还记得列车发车的时间吗 I llneverforgetthedatewhenIjoinedtheLeague 我绝不会忘记我入团的日期 2 where表示地点 在从句中作地点状语 例如 Isthistheshoefactorywhereyourfatherworks 这是你父亲工作的鞋厂吗 Pleaseshowmetheplacewheretheaccidenthappened 请带我到事故发生的现场去 3 why表示原因 在定语从句中作原因状语 其先行词通常是reason一词 例如 Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool 你知道他上学迟到的原因吗 Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouwon tcome 请告诉我你不能来的原因 二 关系代词可不可省略的问题 1 who whom that which在从句中作宾语时 往往被省略 尤其是在口语和非正式文体中 2 关系代词who whom that which在从句中作介词宾语时 不可省 3 关系代词who that which在从句中作主语时 不可省 4 关系代词whose在任何情况下都不能省略 三 只能用that作引导词的定语从句 1 先行词指物时 只能用that作引导词的定语从句 2 先行词前有all little few much any every no等修饰时 例如 Thereislittleworkthatisfitforyou 没什么工作适合你做 Ihaveeatenallthefoodthatisleft 我把剩下的所有食物都吃了 1 先行词是指物的all little few much any anything something everything nothing none theone时 例如 AllthatIcandohasbeendone 我能做的都已经做了 Hewon ttellyouanythingthathehasheardaboutit 他不会告诉你他所听到的有关它的任何情况 3 先行词时what或which时 为了避免重复 多用that引导 例如 Whichisthehousethatcaughtfireyesterday 昨天失火的是那座房子 4 先行词是therebe句型中的主语 且指物时 例如 Therearesomeapplesonthetablethatareniceandsweet 桌子上有些非常甜的苹果 5 先行词作主句的表语时 例如 It sabookthatwillhelpyoualot 这是一本对你有很大帮助的书 It sasunnydaythatwearelongingfor 这是我们所渴望的晴天 2 先行词指人时 只能用that作引导词的定语从句 主句是以who开头的特殊问句时 例如 Who sthemanthattheteacheristalkingto 和老师谈话的这个人是谁 3 不管先行词指人还是指物 都只能用引导词that的定语从句 1 先行词是数词时 例如 Ihavetwosmartbirds 我养了两只可爱的鸟 Aretheythetwothatyouboughtlastweek 是你上星期买的这两只吗 2 先行词被序数词以及last next等修饰时 例如 It sthelastbusthatyoucancatch 这是你可以赶上的末班车 Hestoppedthefourththiefwhowasrunningaway 他把准备逃跑的第四个小偷拦截下来了 3 先行词是名词化的最高级形容词 或者先行词被最高级形容词修饰时 例如 Youcanchoosethebestthatyouthink 你可以挑选你认为是最好的 ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen 这是我看过的最好的影片 He sthefinestmenthatIhaveeverworkedwith 他是我共事过的最好的人 4 先行词被theonly thevery thelast thejust thesame等修饰时 例如 You vetheonlypersonthatImethere 你是我在这儿遇见的唯一的一个人 ThisistheveryshirtthatIamlookingfor 这正是我一直在寻找的衬衫 5 引导词为从句的表语时 例如 She snotthegirlthatsheusedtobe 她不再是过去的她了 6 先行词同时包括人和物时 例如 Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweareinterestedin 我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人和事 四 先行词指物时 只能用which作引导词的定语从句 1 引导先行词为事物的非限制性定语从句时 例如 Mydog whichisnowveryold becameillyesterday 我家的狗昨天病了 它已经非常老了 Thepen whichwritesverywell costmeRMB20 这支笔花了我20元 它非常好写 2 关系代词前有介词时 例如 Thisistheclassroominwhichwestudiedlastyear 这是我们去年在里面学习的教室 Haveyoueverbeentoafarmonwhichthereisasmallzoo 你曾经到过有个小动物园的农场吗 五 先行词指人时 只能用who作引导词的定语从句 1 关系代词在从句中作主语时 通常用who 例如 Theboywhohelpedyouismyyoungerbrother 帮你忙的那个男孩是我弟弟 Isthewomanwhoridesaredbikeeverydayyouraunt 每天都骑着一辆红色自行车那个女人是你姑姑吗 2 先行词为指人的all one ones someone anyone everyone noone等代词时 例如 Onewhodoesn tworkhardwillnevergethappiness 不努力工作的人 永远得不到幸福 Doyouknowanyonewhocanmendlocks 你认识会修锁的人吗 3 先行词是therebe句型中的主语 且指人时 例如 Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou 有个陌生人想要见你 Oncetherewaskingwhowasverysilly 从前 有个非常愚蠢的国王 4 在非限制性定语从句中 例如 Hisfather whowasillinhospitalforayear diedyesterday 他父亲住了一年的院 昨天过世了 Iknowthewomanverywell whooftenwearsaredT shirt 我非常了解那个妇女 她经常穿着一件红体恤衫 5 在被分隔的定语从句中 例如 IknowthewomanverywellwhooftenwearsaredT shirt 我对经常穿着一件红体恤衫那个妇女非常了解 AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman 教你们德语的新老师明天就会来 1 Jimdislikespeople talkmuchbutneverdoanything 09吉林通化 A whomB whenC whoseD who2 Ihatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle 09宁夏 A whomB whoseC whichD who3 DoyouknowthegirlisfromCanada 09四川达州 Yes hernameisHelen A whomB whichC whoseD who4 Theyounglady wemetyesterdayisournewmathteacher 09山东东营 A whatB whoseC whoD which5 Peter thereissomeoneintheofficewouldliketospeakwithyou 09齐齐哈尔 A whoB whichC whom6 Iliketheteacher classesareveryinterestingandcreative 09甘肃兰州 A whichB whoC whatD whose7 Tenmonthshaspassed butChinesepeoplestillrememberthoseexcitingdays theyspentduringtheBeijing2008OlympicGames A thatB whoC when 轻松面对中考真题 D D D C A D A 8 Doyouknowtheboy isplayingsoccerthere 09恩施州 Certainly Heisafriendofmy A who brother sB who brotherC whom brother sD whose brother9 WhatshouldIdohere 09湖北武汉 Justputallthethings theywere A whereB whenC whoseD which10 Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike 09湖北仙桃 Ilikemusic hasgreatlyrics A thatB whoC whoseD what11 Theskirt ismadeofsilkisveryexpensive Ican taffordit 09湖北孝感 A whatB C thatD it12 Iseverything weneedtodo 09辽宁锦州 Yes Youneedn tworryaboutit A which hasdoneB which doingC that hasdoneD that done13 Thisisthenovel iswrittenbyGuoJingming 09山东德州 A whoB whatC thatD A A A C D C 14 Idon tknowtheteacheristalkingwithMissWang 09山东淄博 A whatB whomC whichD who15 Doyouknowtheboy issittingnexttoPeter Yes HeisPeter sfriend Theyarecelebratingthis birthday 09广东深圳 A who ninthB that ninethC ninethD which ninth16 Disneyisanamusementpark youcanfindallthenormalattractionsandDisneymoviesandcharacters 09四川绵阳 A whichB whereC thatD when17 Thegirl youtalkedaboutyesterdaywasourmonitor 09广东湛江 A whoB whenC whichD whose18 Isthattheman helpedusalotaftertheearthquake 09浙江湖杭州 A whoseB whichC whenD who19 ThewholeworldisfightingagainsttheH1N1 adisease hascausedmanydeaths 09浙江绍兴 A whoB whichC whomD what D A B A D B TheAttributiveClause that引导定语从句常见错误分析 whom who whose that MonaLisa whom who whose that Palmtopcomputer 1 Thedogwontheracejustnowismine 我很喜欢他给我的那本书 Ilikethebookhegaveme 你们打算参观的学校正是我们正在谈论的学校 Theschoolyou llvisitistheonewearetalkingabout that 关系代词that 引导定语从句时 如果在从句中作主语 就不能省略 2 Amanthatdon tlearnfromotherscan tmakegreatprogress 就是我是你们的英语老师 ItisIwhoamyourEnglishteacher 刚开走的火车是开往武汉的 ThetrainthathasjustleftisforWuhan doesn t 关系代词在定语从句中作主语 定语从句的谓语动词的形式必须与先行词保持一致 3 ThisisthebestfilmwhichI veeverseen 鲁讯是我最喜欢的作家 LuXunisthewriterthatIlikebest 他是最后死的一个老人 Hewasthelastoldmanthatdied that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级或者only修饰时 用that引导 或者定语从句内部本身有副词的最高级作状语 也用that引导 4 Thatisallwhichyoumustdo IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou Allthatglittersisnotgold 有什么事我可以帮忙的吗 闪光的并非都是金子 that 先行词是不定代词 all everything none much little few something anything的时候 定语从句的引导词常为that 在anybody everybody everyone后面可以用that和who引导 5 Heisn tthemanwhomhewas Doyourememberthelovelygirlthatsheusedtobe 你还记得她曾是一位可爱的小姑娘吗 that 关系代词在定语从句中作表语 不用who whom 而用that 6 IstillremembersomepersonsandthingswhichIsawatschool 他谈到了他访问的老师和学校 Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited that 既指人又指物时 用that引导 7 I veev