新视野大学英语第二册unit 1 time-conscious_americans-3【课件】.ppt

Time ConsciousAmericans EtRaymond UnitOne Festivals2012 SpringFestival TheLanternFestival Valentine sDay Activities Gifts Payingnewyear scall HowtogreetinEnglish Blessings Treasuresfillthehome 金玉满堂 Businessflourishes 生意兴隆 Peaceallyearround 岁岁平安 Mayallyourwishescometrue 心想事成 Everythinggoeswell 吉祥如意 Thecountryflourishesandpeopleliveinpeace 国泰民安 SystemsofreckoningtimeinChina HowdidChinesePeoplereckontimeinthepast LunarcalendarAlunarcalendarisacalendarthatisbasedoncyclesofthemoonphase ThecalendarinChinaisacombinationoftwocycles theTenCelestialStems ShiTiangan十天干 andtheTwelveTerrestrialBranches ShierDizhi十二地支 Thissystemwasalreadyinuseduringthe12thcenturyBC 1甲2乙3丙4丁5戊6己7庚8辛9壬10癸1子2丑3寅4卯5辰6巳7午8未9申10酉11戌12亥Combiningtwocharacterseachofthesecycles yearsareenumeratedandmakeupacycleofsixtyyears onlythehalfofpossiblepermutationsisused Someinventionsforreckoningtime SundialBeforeHanDynasty Clepsydra Gui sandglass AboutNow Quartzwatch mechanicalwatch Electronicwatch Timeisimportanttous Canyouimaginelifewithouttimeconscious Timeandtidewaitfornoman Timeismoney Timetriestruth Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday Timeislifeandwhentheidlemankillstime hekillshimself Tochoosetimeistosavetime Proverbsabouttime TimeConsciousnessinAmerica Situation1 Onyourwayhome itoccurredtoyouthatyourAmericanfriendMaryhadinvitedyoutovisitherwhenyouwerefree Thenyoudroppedinonherhouse Butwhenyouknockedatthedoor Readandthink InChina it sOKtovisitfriendswithoutcallingaheadoftime WhileintheU S it simpolitetodoso Maryfeltsurprised Why OhmyGoddess WhatisthepolitewayintheU S Callingaheadoftime A Before7 00 tohelphertoprepare B 5 10 late nottobethefirstguest C After8 00 I mtheVIP D 5 10 earlier it sapolitewaytoshowmyrespectforher Situation2 YourAmericanfriendinvitedyoutoherpartytonightat7 30 Whenareyousupposedtogetthere Why IntheU S peopletendtobe InChina closefriendstendtoarrive butacquaintancestendtoarrive 5 10 late B before7 00 A 5 10 earlier D Rightontime Befashionablylate C Halfanhourlate D About5 10 earlier TheAmericans A TheChinese B Situation3 YourAmericanfriendinvitedyoutoherhousefordinnerat6 30 Whenareyousupposedtogetthere Listenthematerialfirst trytofillinthemissingwords Americansbelievetimeisalimited theytrytoconserveandmanageit PeopleintheU S oftenattendseminarsorreadbooksontimemanagement Itseemstheyallwanttoorganizetheirtimebetter Professionalscarryaroundpocketplanners someinform tokeeptrackofappointmentsanddeadlines Peopledoalltheycantomorelifeoutoftheirtime TheearlyAmericanheroBenjaminFranklinexpressedthisviewbest Doyoulovelife Thendonotwastetime forthatisthelifeismadeof ToAmericans isawayofshowingrespectforotherpeople stime Beingmorethan10minuteslatetoanappointmentusuallycallsforanapology andmaybeanexplanation Peoplewhoarerunninglateoftencallaheadtoletothersknowofthedelay resource electronic squeeze stuff punctuality Ofcourse thelessformalthesituation thelessimportantitistobeexactlyontime Atinformal forexample peopleoftenarriveasmuchas30minutespasttheappointedtime Buttheyusuallydon ttrythatatwork Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers Whenpeopleplananevent theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance Oncethetimeisfixed ittakesalmostantochangeit Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafriendlyvisit theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisOnlyveryclosefriendswilljust dropby unannounced Thetimemayvary butmostfolksthinktwiceaboutcallingafter10 00p m get togethers emergency convenient Also peoplehesitatetocallotherslateatnightforfeartheymightbeinbed TextStudy EtRaymond Newwordsandexpressions Home FirstReading Listentothetext thenquicklyanswerthequestionsorfillintheblanks 1 WhatarethetwothingsAmericanstrytosave Timeandlabor Para 1 Timeisregardedas Para 2 2 WhatdoestimemeantoAmericans apreciousresource FirstReading Theydoeverything Theystarttalkingbusiness Theyworkhardatthetaskofsavingtimeby 3 HowdoAmericansdoeverything 4 WhendoAmericansstarttalkingbusiness 5 HowdoAmericanssavetime Paras 3 7 inarush quickly producingasteadyflowoflabor savingdevices 6 What stheconclusion Theforeigners fromthoseofAmerican Para 8 havedifferentideas FirstReading Time ConsciousAmericans Para 1Americansbelievenoonestandsstill Ifyouarenotmovingahead youarefallingbehind Thisattituderesultsinanationofpeoplecommittedtoresearching experimentingandexploring TimeisoneofthetwoelementsthatAmericanssavecarefully theotherbeinglabor Stand keepinaparticularstate e g standfirm Subject v ing v ede g Lunchfinished alltheguestsreturnedtothesittingroom Para 2 Weareslavestonothingbuttheclock ithasbeensaid Timeistreatedasifitweresomethingalmostreal Webudgetit saveit wasteit stealit killit cutit accountforit wealsochargeforit Itisapreciousresource Manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime Oncethesandshaverunoutofaperson shourglass theycannotbereplaced Wewanteveryminutetocount Para 3aAforeigner sfirstimpressionoftheUSislikelytobethateveryoneisinarush oftenunderpressure Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing restlesslyseekingattentioninastore orelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry Workingtimeisconsideredprecious 译文 Para 3bOthersinpubliceating placesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothey too canbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandpeoplewillpushpastyou Youwillmisssmiles briefconversations andsmallexchangeswithstrangers Don ttakeitpersonally Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly andtheyresentsomeoneelse wasting itbeyondacertainappropriatepoint Para 4aManynewarrivalsintheStateswillmisstheopeningexchangesofabusinesscall forexample Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinarestaurantorcoffeehouse Para 4bNormally Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner oraroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrust Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly Timeis therefore alwaystickinginourinnerear 句型 Para 5Consequently weworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime Weproduceasteadyflowoflabor savingdevices wecommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes phonecallsoremailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts whichthoughpleasant takelonger especiallygivenourtraffic filledstreets We therefore savemostpersonalvisitingforafter workhoursorforsocialweekendgatherings 句型 Para 6aToustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact requiringface to faceconversation 译文 Para 6bInAmerica too afinalagreementwillnormallybesignedinperson However peoplearemeetingincreasinglyontelevisionscreens conducting teleconferences tosettleproblemsnotonlyinthiscountrybutalso bysatellite internationally Para 7TheUSisdefinitelyatelephonecountry Almosteveryoneusesthetelephonetoconductbusiness tochatwithfriends tomakeorbreaksocialappointments tosay Thankyou toshopandtoobtainallkindsofinformation Telephonessavethefeetandendlessamountsoftime Thisisduepartlytothefactthatthetelephoneserviceissuperbhere whereasthepostalserviceislessefficient 句型 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略 Theincreaseintheirprofitsisduepartlytotheirnewmarketstrategy Para 8aSomenewarrivalswillcomefromcultureswhereitisconsideredimpolitetoworktooquickly Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant notworthyofproperrespect Assignmentsare consequently givenaddedweightbythepassageoftime 译文 Para 8bIntheUS however itistakenasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetenttosolveaproblem orfulfillajobsuccessfully withspeed Usually themoreimportantataskis themorecapital energy andattentionwillbepouredintoitinorderto getitmoving Home 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力 所以我们只能继续 Wehavealreadypouredalotoftimeandenergyintotheproject sowehavetocarryon StructureAnalysis GeneralStatement Illustration Emphasis A TheWritingModelofthePassage WhatistheGeneralStatement Whatistheillustration Whatdoesthewriteremphasize Thegeneralstatement Paras 1 2 Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus time conscious Americansare Illustration Paras 3 7 theforeigner sfirstimpressionoftheU S Para 3 EveryoneintheU S isinarush Para 4 Americansstarttalkingbusinessquickly Para 5 7 Americansworkhardtosavetime Emphasisbycontrast Para 8 Americanstakeitasasignofskillfulnesstodothingsquickly whiletheforeignersconsideritpropertotaketimedoingthings Home B Thewaytodevelopparagraphs Thewriterpresentsthegeneralstatementbygivingspecificdetails thentellingthereasons GeneralStatement SpecificDetails Reason Generalstatement Specificdetails citypeople hurryingto workingtime precious drivers abrupt people pushpast Thereason Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly Everyoneisinarush oftenunderpressure Para 3 Generalstatement Specificdetails everyone telephone conductbusiness telephones save feet time Telephoneservice superb postalservice less Thereason TheU S isdefinitelyatelephonecountry efficient Para 7 Back 城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方 在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务 或者为了赶快买完东西 用肘推搡他人 Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing restlesslyseekingattentioninastore orelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping Back 原句译文 一般说来 美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的 更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭 或带他们去打高尔夫球 Normally Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner oraroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrust 原句译文 逆译练习 产生式提炼 Back Sb donotdosth muchlessdosb dosth else 某人不做某事 更不用说做其他事 用于强调 某人绝不会做某事 句型提炼 应用提示 产生式应用 Back Back ThestudentcanhardlyspeaksimpleEnglish muchlesscanhewriteEnglisharticles 更不用说写英语文章了 她连水都不愿喝一口 更别提留下来吃饭了 Shewouldn ttakeadrink muchlesswouldshestayfordinner 我们通过发传真 打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流 而不是通过直接接触 虽然面对面接触令人愉快 但却要花更多的时间 尤其是在马路上交通拥挤的时候 wecommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes phonecallsoremailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts whichthoughpleasant takelonger especiallygivenourtraffic filledstreets 原句译文 产生式提炼 Sb dosth by through ratherthanby through which though especiallygiven 某人是通过 而不是通过 做某事 虽然后者 但却 尤其是考虑到 用于强调 对某人做事的辩证分析 句型提炼 产生式应用 在这种下雪天 我宁愿乘公交 也不愿自己开车去上班 虽然自己开车自在 但更加危险 特别是考虑到我糟糕的驾驶技术 onsuchasnowyday gotowork one spoorskillsindriving Back 典型例句 意群提示 Onsuchasnowyday Iwouldgotoworkbybusratherthanbydrivingmycar which thoughcomfortable ismoredangerous especiallygivenmypoorskillsindriving 就我们而言 电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头的事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系 在有些国家 如果没有目光接触 就做不成大生意 这需要面对面的交谈 Toustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact requiringface to faceconversation 原句译文 Back Sb Sth does issth whereas whilesb sth elsedoes issth else某人 某物 然而另一人 物却 用于表述 两事物之间的反差 句型提炼 应用提示 产生式应用 Back 他认为我在对他说谎 但实际上我讲的是实话 Back 典型例句 意群提示 HethoughtIwaslyingtohim whereasIwastellingthetruth 在他们看来 如果不花一定时间来处理某件事情 那么这件事就好像是无足轻重的 不值得给予适当的重视 Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant notworthyofproperrespect 原句译文 逆译练习 Back 他在英语方面一直落后于同组同学 He sbeenfallingbehindhisgroupmembersinEnglish 我工作拖下来了 我得想办法赶上 I mfallingbehindwithmywork Imusttrytocatchup Back fallbehindsb sth 这样的措施可能会带来工作效率的提高 Suchmeasuresarelikelytoresultintheimprovementofworkefficiency tocause tohaveasaresult toleadto Back Resultin 学校编列了一百万美元建新图书馆的预算 Sheisextremelybusy soshehastobudgethertimecarefully Theschoolbudgetedonemilliondollarsforanewlibrary 她忙极了 所以必须好好安排时间 vt toplanthespendingof budget 小两口为下一年定预算 Theyoungcouplebudgetedforthecomingyear vi tosaveorspendmoneyfor 量入为出是很重要的 Itisessentialtobalanceone sbudget n aplantoshowhowmuchapersonwillbeabletospend 他以低廉的价钱买下这所房子 Heboughtthehouseatabudgetprice adj inexpensive cheap Back 这个星期你每天都迟到 对此你怎么解释 Howdoyouaccountforthefactthatyouhavebeenlateeverydaythisweek togiveasatisfactoryexplanationfor accountfor Girlsaccountforhalfoftheclass 女生占了我们班一半人数 beaproportionofsth Back 考试前 每一秒钟都很重要 就运动而言 重要的不是赢 而是参与 Everyminutecountsbeforetheexam Insportwhatreallycountsisnotthewinningbuttheplaying Back countvi Ifsth counts it simportantorvaluable What stheconventionformentowearonformaloccasions It stheconventionformentowearsuitsonformaloccasions It stheconventionfor to Back conventionn customarypractice习俗 惯例 EnglishEquivalentsofChinese tostandstill tobecommittedto resultin toaccountfor preciousresource towanteveryminutetocount toseekattention thepaceoflife withinthetimeallowed smallexchangeswithastranger EnglishEquivalentsofChinese togowith inrelaxedsurroundings todevelopasenseoftrust toworkhardatthetaskof athand inperson tobeduepartlyto inone seyes bythepassageoftime togetthingsmoving Home Keytoexercises petent6 assessing7 fulfill8 conducting9 consequently10 significance 1 behind2 at3 in4 out5 to6 to7 in8 wit