高考英语名词性从句题解析及应试策略.doc

高考英语名词性从句题解析及应试策略 一、试题解析 名词性从甸包括主语从旬，表语从句、宴语从旬 和同位语从旬。其关联词有连接词the：、if、whether； 连接代词who、what、which；连接副坷whan、where、 h呻、why等。 (一)主语从句类 1._makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (辽宁卷) A What R Who C Whatever D.Whatever 【解析】本题空白处应该填一个引导主语从句 的连词,is是系动词,that引导表语从句，根据前半句 的古义，答案应为A项(what“的事情地方”)， who的含义为“谁”，whatever的含义是“无论什么”， whoever的含义是“无论谁”，均不符合题意。 2._is 0ne belief that improvements in health care wiII lead to a stronger，more prosperious economy.(浙江卷) A As R What C This n It 【艇析】本题空白处应该填一个形式主语，代替 that引导的主语从句，is是系动词one belief是表语， that引导真正的主语从句。结构为Itis十n+that dause所以普寰为D项。 【相关知识点】 主语M句在句中做主语，它可以放在主句滑语 之前，但多数情况下由n作形式主语，而把主语从句 放在主句之后。引导主语从旬的连词有：hat、wheth er、who、what、whish、when、wbere、bow、why等。 例如： I What he need is more time 2 Where she has gone is a mystery 主语从句常用作形式主语，注意下列常用句 型：It iswas十nadjv pn+主语从句eg 1 It is strange that he should like him 2 lt 十is unknown whether my dass will win the game. 3 It is still a question which team will win the game. 列结构也较常用It is wellknownsaid reportedprovedturned outhappened that/It has been found out that：It must be pointed out that：It doesnt matter whether It makes no difference whether”等。 (二)表语从句类 1See the flag on the top of the building?That we did this morning(全国卷I) A when B.which C.where Dwhat 【解析】 本题空白处应该填一个引导表语从句 的连词(因为was是系动词)，再根据后半句意义(“我 们今天早上所做的事情)，所以答案为D项(what的 含义为 “的事情)。when是“什么时候，which 是“哪一个， where是“哪里，均不符合题意。 【相关知识点】 表语从句位于系动词之后，由that引导，起连 接作用的that有时可省略。引导表语从句的词还有 whether，as if；代词who，what，which；副词when， where，how，why等。如： The fact iS that she never liked him The question is who can complete teh dificult task. 用because引导的表语从句仅限于以下个句型： ThisThatit is becauseeg： I think itS because youre doing too much The reasonthat(不用because)+句子。例如： The reason why he was 1ate iS that he was late is that he was ill. 表语从句不能用if引导，但可用as if引导。例如： It looks aS if it is going to clear up (三)宾语从句类 1一What did your parents think about your de cision? 一They always let me do I think I should(全 国卷II) A.when Bthat Chow Dwhat 【解析】本题空白处应该填一个引导宾语从句 的连词(做do的宾语)，I think是插入语，根据前半句 的含义，should后省略一个do，所以答案为D项 (what的含义为“的事情)。 2一Could you do me a favor? 一It depends on_it is(北京卷) A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever (解析) 本题空白处应该填一个引导宾语从句 的连词(做介词on的宾语)，按照语境，答案为C项 (what的含义为“什么”“什么事情”)。 3.I just wonder_that makes him so excited(山东卷) A why it does Bwhat he does Chow it iS D. what it is (解析) 本题空白处应该填一个引导宾语从句 的连词(wonder的宾语)，从A、B、C、D选项中可以看 出本宾语从句是一个强调结构，疑问句为：what whywhowhenwherehow wasis that?而在 本句中作wonder的宾语，应用陈述句排列，再根据整 句话的含义，答案为D项(含义为：我想知道就是什么 事情使他如此的兴奋)。 4We havent settled the question Of_it is necessary for him tO study abroad(江苏卷) A.if a whereCwhether n that (解析) 本题空白处应该填一个引导宾语从句 的连词(做介词of的宾语)，根据整句话的含义，答案 为C项(“是否”)，A项if也为“是否”，但介词后不能 用if引导宾语从句。而that无中文含义。where哪 里”也不符合题意。 5With his work completed，the businessman stepped back tO his seat，feeling pleased_he was a man Of action(湖南卷) A which Bthat Cwhat n whether (解析) 本题空白处应填一个引导宾语从句的 连词(feeling pleased是系表结构，系表构成谓语，所以 后面仍然是宾语从句)，根据后半句含义已经完整，故 答案为B项，因为that无中文含义，which引导宾语 从句时是“哪一个”，what是“酌事情”等，whether 是“是否”。均不符合题意。 【相关知识点】 宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 引导宾语从句的连词有that，whether，if，who， whose，what，which，when，where，how，Why等。 例如： 1Do you know what they are doing? 2It is a matter of who will hold the position 如果主句的谓语是及物动词findfeelthink considermake等，则可把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之 后，用it作为形式宾语。例如： He makes it a rule that he gets llp early and goes to bed early 某些作表语的形容词(如sure，happy，glad， certain，pleased等)之后也可带宾语从句。例如； I am certain that he will succeed 注意点：宾语从句应用陈述句排列，即：引导词+ 主语+谓语+其它成分。例如： 1 wonder whether he will succeed in passing the exam(正确)1 wonder whether will he succeed in pass ing the exam(错误) (四)同位语从句类 1一ItS thirty years since we last met But I still remember the story，believe it or not,_we got lost on a rainy night(四川卷) A which B.that C.what D. when 【解析】 本句空白处应该填一个引导同位语从 句的连词，进一步说明the story的内容，believe it or not是插入语。再根据后半句，含义已完整，所以答案 为B项。which不能引导同位语从句，what的含义为 “的事情，when为“什么时候，均不符合题意。 2There iS much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race(天津卷) A.that Bwhich Cuntil Dif 【解析】 本句空白处应该填一个引导同位语从 句的连词，进一步说明chance(可能性)的内容，再根 据后半句，意义已完整，所以答案为A项。which不 能引导同位语从句，until的含义为“直到为止，if 是“假如。均不符合题意。 3A warm thought suddenly came to me_ might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my motherS birthday(安徽卷) Aif Bwhen Cthat Dwhich 【解析】本句空白处应该填一个引导同位语从 句的连词，进一步说明thought的内容，再根据后半 句，意义已完整，所以答案为C项。本句为分隔式同 位语从句，目的是为了避免头重脚轻，原来的语序为： A warm thought that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowefor my mothers birthday suddenly came to me 4Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_he had to meet his uncle at the airport(重庆卷) A.why B. that Cwhere D. because 【解析】本句空白处应该填一个引导同位语从 句的连词，进一步说明reason的内容，再根据后半句， 意义已完整，所以答案为B项。本句也为分隔式同位 语从句，若把for being absent from the class reason隔开放到最后的话，会产生歧义。why是“为什么”， where是“哪里”，because是“因为”，均不符合题意。 【相关知识点】 同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词 的具体内容，或对该名词作进一步解释。可跟同位语 从句的通常是一些具有一定内容含义的名词。常见 的有news，fact，idea，opinion，promise，problem， reason，hope，conclusion，truth等。连接词用that (不用which)，when，where，why，howwhether， what等。例如： He has no idea what was the matter with him The news that his class got the first prize in the relayis true 同位语从句有时不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面(分隔式同位语从句)例如： 1An idea occurred to him that he might do the experiment again. 2Information has been put forward that HI(K middle school graduates will be admitted into university (2001上海卷) 这里，要强调一下同位语从句与定语从句的区别：