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Nu me rie a lSimu la tio no f Tem Pe ra tu re Fie ldi nSe le c ti ve La e srSi n te ri ngi Ja n z ha ng , D eyin g Li , Jia n yu n Li, a n d Lon g z hi ZhaoKe y Lab o rat oyr of Mi;sytr o f Edu e a tio n fo r Co n v e yanc e an d Equ iPm e n t ,Ea s t Chin a Jia o to n g Univ e rs ity , Nan c han g 330013, Cih n az h j 61 1 512 6 . e o m , l i d e y i n g e e j t u o l 63 . e o m ,s h i x i n y u 84 103 11 2 6 . e o m , z h a o l o n g z h i163 . e o mAbs tr a et. hT e la se r sin te ir ng Pro c e s s o f mu ltiBe o mP o n e n t Po w de r W/ Cu 15simu lat e d by A NSY S s o ft ware ba se d o n ht e acf to rs o f riad at io n , e o n v e e tio n an dthermal Physie al Par a m e te rs o n temP e ratu re . hT e la ser Po w er an d se a ll ll in gv e lo eity whieh are the ke y Pr o e e s s Par m e te rs to afe et dire c tly in sint eir n gomlding ar e stU die d in PaP e r . hT e r e su lts show that whe n the scanm ng v elo c ity 15e o n stan t , the sint e ir ng deP ht 15 ir sin g with the in e re a se o f la se r Pow e r: Inad ditio n , w hen the la ser Po w er 15 e o n stan t , ht e sin teir ng de Pth 15 de e er a sing withthe in e re a se o f se an n in g v e lo c ity . To s el e e t re a s o n ab le Pro c e ssin g Par ame te rs an dm e e t the er qu ir eme n ts o f sin te ir n g qu al ity o n ht e s int ier ng de Pht , ht e Par ame te rso f la s e r Po w e r an d sean ning v e lo c ity are o Pti7z e d by an al yz ing the sin te ir n gde Pth .K eyw o r ds : Sele e tiv e la ser sin te ir ng , Nu me ir eal simu lat io n , Te lllPe ra tu re if eldSin te ir n g de Pht 1 In tr o dU Ctio nWC/ u c omP o site , a tyPie a l tw oBPha se Ps e u do allo y , e xh ibits e x e e lle n t e le etir e ale o ndu e tiv ity an d the r ma l e o n du eit v ity o f C u a nd high me lit n g Po in t a n d high har dne s so f W . It e an be u s ed a s ele eitr eal e on ta et a n d ele etr o de ma te ir al, militar y ma et ir al fo rsPec ial Pu rPo se (su c h as r o eke t n o z z le), an d he at sin k s u bs tr at e w iht high air tightn e s sPac ik n g o f C PU a n d so lidBstate7e ro w a v e tub e , e tc . S o WC/ u eo n1Po siet ha s be e nWidely u se d b oht in indu str y an d7litar y l , 2.Sele cit v e Las er Sin et r in g (SLS), whic h be c o m e s a re se ar c h fo c u s re e e ntly , c anm a n u fa ctur e dir ee tly the me ta l mo ld o r Part s Pro to tyPe wiht the eo m Ple x shap e fr o m3D C AD m o del , to o bta in the fu n ctio n al Part s me eit n g the re qu ir em e n ts . Fo r thead v a n ta ges o f sho rt m a n u fa e tu ir n g e yc le , w ide ar nge o f ma teir al s an d o ht e r s , SL S 15e xPe eet d to o btain the wBCu eo m Pon e n ts w iht high de n sity a n d c o n 1Plex shap e ht ato ht e r Pr o c e s s 15 diif e u lt to do . In hit s Pap e r , ht e et m Pe r at u re if eld distr ibu tio n o fwBC umix e d Po w de r 15 s tu die d by ANSY S n u m erie al sim u latio n , a n d ht e efe c ts o f la s e r e o er spo n ding a u tho r . Te l. :D.iL , Y. iL u ,an d Y. Chen (Eds. ): CC TA 2010, Paxt VI , IF IP AIC T 347, PP.474 es4 79, 2011. 】FIP nI tem a tio n al eF dera it o n fo r nI forma it o n rP o c es sin g 2011Nu m ei rea S i lu m la tio o n f Tem Pe rau te ri Fe li d nS e le e ti ve La s e rS i n tei r ng 45 7Po w e ra n ds a e n ni ng ve lo ei ty o s ni n te ri ng de PthPro s e es i ng Pa ra r nee trs a rs e e le ey e t d bs i e nti r ng de Pth,ht e sin et rin g Pr o ee s s o f wBCu mix e d Po w der .ar e an alyz e d.w hieh h a s gr eatThe re a so n a blesign iif e an e e fo r2 E Sta blishm el t of M0 del2. 1 E Sta blish poe n t o f Ma th e ma tic Mo d elThe m olte n Po o l ha s he a t eha n ge iw ht the sur o und in g iar an d Powd e r be d in SLS , an dht e ht emr al e o n du ctio n e an b e e x Pre ss e d by e qu ait o n (l ) 3., aT 2 aT Z2 、 _ aTP。 (=+/,+ =)+ q。 + q。 =./,(l)dxBBdz -Bd tWhe re k。 15 efe etiV e the r ma l c o nd u etiVity o f po wd er; P 15 c oa c ted de nsity ofPodw e r: C 15 h eat caP a city o f ma et ir al; q。 15 disPe r s ed he at to air: q: 15 la s e r Po w e rde n sityA s s u me that th e in iit a l temPe ratrU e TO o f Po w de r be d 15 ev e n ly disitr bu ted befo ersin et rin g, an d th e in itial e o nditio n 15 sho w n a s fo llo w s :T (x , , , z , ;):B。 = 0T (2)In or de r to simPlify eal c u latio n , as su m e that ht er e 15 n o h e at 10 55 o n the bo t o m o fs u bs tr at e . In SLS , ther e 15 he a t dis siPatio n by e o n v e e tio n an d rad iat io n , the bo u n daryC o nditio n 15 sho w ll as fo llo w s .,l , _ _ 、 _ , 、B=Bz+(1BI E)+gB1) = qdZ(3)Where k。 15 efe etiv e ther ma l e o n du etivity o f po w de r ; h 15 he at e o n v e e tio ne o e if eie n t: T 15 temP e rat ur e o f me tal Powd e r at a e e rtia n mo m e n t: a 15Set fa nBB o ltz ma n n c o n stan t:+15 iniit al temP e r autr e: 15 he at r adiatio n c oe if c ie nt o fa etu al o bj e cts .2. 2 Esta blishmen t o f Physiea l M o de lIn or de r to sllllPlify the sin et ir n g m o del a nd redu c e the e o m Putin g time , the if niteelem en t mo de l 15 e sta blished in Fig . 1. The m u litBeomP o n en t Po w de r e o n sist o fW a n dCu w ith a e e r tain Pcer e n tage , the siz e o f w hich 15 3 . 4mn lx l . 6m x O. 3Illn . To e n suer4 76 J. Zh n a gt el a.th e en o uh g me sh d en sit y in l a sr eh e at in gz n o e an dh et a af e ct edr egion an dr ed c e ut ime,ht e dife re n t me shin g siZe s c a n be ado Pted to the su bs tra te a n d sin te red laye r s . Theme shin g o f sin et red laye r s 15 sma lle r (0. Inu ), While the me shin g o f s u bstr ate 15 lar ger The Ga u s sia n e n erg y dis tr ibutio n o f la s e r 15 sho w n in Figur e Z, the la s e r e n er gyo f e e n te r 15 th e highe st, a nd the la se r e n e rgy 15 e o nit n u o u sly redu c ed a w ay fr o m thesPot c e n te r . The la s e r sP o t 15 diVide d in to 4 x 4 , a s sho w n an d ht e de e ay c o eif cie n ts o fl , 2, 3 ar e 0 . 8359552, 0. 5226424, 0. 32675764.3 2 2 32 1 1 22 1 1 232 3Fig. 1. Fin ite ele me n t mo del Fig . 2 . G a u s sia n e n e rgy distir bu tio n o f la se rIn the sin terin g Pro e e s s , the la ser e n e r gy o bey s ht e G a u s sia n disitr bu tio n .ZACqB7ep(B2p)(4)Whe re q 15 la ser Po w e r de n sity; P 15 la se r Po w e r: A 15 ab s o r Ptio n ra te o f Po w der bed tolas e r : r 15 dista n ee betw e en an y Po in t o n the Po w de r be d a nd la s er sPo t e e n ter :15ra diu s of la se r sPo t .3 Re su lts a n d A n a lysisThe Po w de r e o n sists o f W a n d Cu w ith a e ert a in Pe r ee n ta ge , the m eltin g Poin ts ar e3380 an d lo83oC , an d the o the r ht e rm al phy sic al pro pe r it e s o n tee r at ur e ar esho w n in T able 1 a nd Fig . 3 .The Pro e e s s Par ame et r s to simu laet that the sPo t diam eet r 15 0. 4m , the se an n in gsP a ein g 15 O 3nu , ht e Po w der ht iekn e s s 15 o . lm , ht e e o n v e eit o n eo efif cie n t o f ia r is10, the efe c tiv e r adiatio n c o eif eien t o f Po w de r be d 15 0 . 8.T able 1. hT e rlll a! Phy sie al Pro Pert ie s o f CuT/ 100C/J(kg lKV(m 203854053884042003923994004003798004203295004093556004 14342k).)Num ei rea i l Smu la tio o n f T1e n Pe ra tu e ri Fe ldi n Se le e ti ve La s e r Si n tei r ng 477BBB8f,UF.XV/ /40 0 800 1200 160 0 0 400 800 1200eTr ahe /(b)Themr a l e o eeie n t10B|1。6NJ.,4=,j&Te mPe r atUr e / C(a) SPeciif e he at eaPa e iytFig. 3 . hT ermal Phys ieal Pro Pert ie s o f wFig . 4 sh o w s ht e efe ets o f s e an n in g v elo e ity o n Po o l de Pht . A s se e n fr o m it, wh e nht e la s e r Po w er 15 e o n sta n t, het sin te r in g dePht 15 de er e a sin g w ith the inc re a s e o fs e a n ning v elo eity . The sin te r ing de Pth 15 0. 29r nm at =v 0. 12njI s , w hile o n ly 15 thesin et ir n g dePht 0. O76m a t v= 0. 20nI/ s . The re as o n 15 ht at hw en the laser Po w er 15e o n sat n t a n d the s c a n nin g v e lo eity 15 in e r e asin g , ht e inP u t laser e ne gr y de eer a se sMean w hile , the time ht at e n e r gy o n the Po w de r Par tic le s 15 de eer a sin g . EsP eeial ly athigh s c a n n in g sPe ed, ht e c o n ta et tim e be tw e e n e n e r gy a n d Po w der Par ticle 15 v e r y sh o r t,e v en ht e Po wde r Par tie le s e o u ld n o t be me lt fo r the e n e r gy tr a n sfer ar o u n d the Po w derPar it ele s w iht o u t en ou gh it m e . B u t ht e tem Per atu re 15 risin g qu ieik y at lo w s ean in gsPe ed, hw ie h lead s e a sily to gr eat e r he at ac c u m u lat io n efe c t, a n d er s ults in lar gerte n1Per atUT e gr ad ien t.hT e efe c ts o f la s er Po w er o n Po o l dePht ar e sho w n in iF g . 5. A s s e e n fr o m it, w he nht e s c a n n in g v elo eity 15 c o n s ta n t, the sin te rin g de Pht 15 risin g w ith ht e in e re as e o f la serPo w e r . The sin teir n g de Pht 15 o n ly o . 08ln nl a t P= 195w , a n d ht e sin te rin g de Pht 150. 30.IL90nQ。zdz*。-.F150U1nU、Fdz;。1tI02 0 14 0.16 08 0. 20 0.2 200 210 220 230 24 0Sea lI=v e loc iyt /(nT/ 5) Las er pow e rW/Fig. 4. Efe e ts o f se a n ning v e lo eity o n Po o lde Pth Fig. 5. Efe e ts o f la se r Po w e r o n Po ol de Pth8 7 4J. Zhn a g e tl a.in er e a sin g to0 . 2l mm a tP“ 2 35w. h Ter e a son 15 th a twh n e th e se an n in gv el oe i ty 15cn o sa tn tn ad h tel a sr eP o wr e 15 in r c e a sin g, ht e ou tP u t e n er gy d e n sity 15 ir sin g , B ut th ee x ce s siv e la ser Po w e r m ake s th e te mPe ra tu r e 50 high tha t the Po w de r Iayer s ha V e agr eate r eo n tr a e tion , a n d 15 e a sier to wapr in g a n d e ra eik n g .The la s e r Po we r an d s ean nin g v e loc ity ar e ht e ke y Pro e e s s Par a meter s to afe c tdier e lt y in sin te ir n g mo ldin g . The higher s ea n n in g v e lo c ity e a n n o t o nly efe e it v elys u PPr e s s ht e e x Pa n sio n o f m o lte n Po o l a n d ht e Ph e n o m e n o n o f ” sPla shin g” , but al s oimP ro v e the fo r7n g eif eie nc y . hT e r ea so n a ble la ser Po w er c a n n o t o n ly e n s u er thelaye r s bo n d w ell, but al s o r edu c e ht e e o n tr ac tio n a n d w a rPin g .hT e sin tier n g dePht m u st be gr eat e r ht a n th e Podw e r thiekn e s s , to e n su e the a dj ac e n tlaye r s bo n d w e ll by Pen e tr atin g ht e e=e n t layer , Other wise ht e adj a ee n t laye r s w ill bese Par ate d , a n d ht e Po or str e n ght an d ac e ur ae y o f fo r7n g w ill be o btain ed , e v e n ht efo r7n g e ou ld n o t be eo m Ple et d. iF g . 6 sho w s ht e et n 1Per atu re disitr bu tio n o fZBdir ee tio n a t dife ren t it me w iht a eert a in la s e r Po w er a n d sc an n in g v elo e ity . A s s e e nfr o m it, ht e ten1Pe r aut re o f 0 . In lnl 15 o bv io u sly higher ht an ht e m elit ng Po in t o f Cu(1356K) at t= 0. 058755 , it in die at e s ht at the sin ter in g deP th 15 gr eat e r th an ht e Po w de rht iee s s . 517lar ly , ht e sinetr in g de Pht ar e a bo u t 0. 14rnln a n d 0. 19nu at =t 0 . l l l25san d t= 0. 21125 5, s o the Powd e r ht ie kn es s is le s s ht a n the sin te rin g de Pht . A t the e uer n tPro e e s s Par am eter s , ht e re laet d jo in t be twe en th e if r s t layer an d s u bs tr aet is str o n g , a n dht e m etallur gie al bo n din g o f laye rs 15 w ell.The 3D Part s in SL S ar e e o lllPleet d by lin e s to s u rfa e e an d lay er by lay er o v er laP Ped,an d the fo llo w in g wt o e o nd itio n s sho uld be me t to fo r ln s o lid sutr eitr e by sin te li ng 5, 6.1) The degre e c o v er a ge of e n er gy shou ld be re qiur ed betwe e n se an n in g be am s , ht at15, th e se a n n in g v e lo eity e o u ld n o t be to o high w iht a eer tain Powe r de n sity , e n su r e ht atthe e n o u gh Po w er in Pu t to m ake the Po w de r in ht e c u r en t la ye r bo n d to geht er a n d fo rmthe ZD sur fa e e s tr u etuerht o u t lo o s e Powd er 2) The Po w de r ht iekn e s s 15 les s tha n the sin te rin g dePht , ht at 15 , the la se r Po w e rsho u ld e n suer ht e adj a e e n t laye rs bo n d w e ll by Pe n e tr iat n g the eur e n t layer to fo rm ht e3D bo dy str u c tu re 、yB135 。、Pf2 15V=6 m/S12 000 .0 0 0 01 0 0 8 0. 12 0. 16 0 k20 0 24 0 .2 8 0 .32ZBDir e eit o n /n u l lFig . 6 . Te lllPe ra tu re distir bu tio n o f ZBdire c tio n at dife r e n t time (1Bt l=0 . 058755, 2BtZ= 0. 1112553Bt3= 0.2 11255)N u me ri e la Simu lta io n o f Te ln Pre tau re F ie ld in Sele e tiv e L a se r Sin teri n g 4794 Co n Cll sio nl) Whe n th e s c a n n in g v elo e ity 15 e o n sta n t, the sin teir ng de Pht 15 ir sing w iht thein c re a se o f laser Po w er: In additio n , whe n the la ser Po we r 15 e o n stant , the siinier n gde Pth 15 de c er a sing w ith the in e re a se o f se a n n in g v e loe ity .2) To s e le et r e a s o na ble Pr o e e s sin g Par am e ter s an d m e et the r equ ir eme nts o fsin et ir n g qu al ity o n the sin et rin g de Pht , the Par am eet r s o f las er Powe r an d se a n n in gv e lo e ity ar e oPti7z ed by a nal yzin g the sin teir ng deP th.A ckn o w le dgeme n t . This w o rk w as sPo n s o re d by Seie n e e an d Res e ar eh Fo u ndat io n o fEas t China Jiao to n g nU iver siyt (01308013), the N atu r al S eienc e Fo und iat o n o f ij an gxirP o v in ee (09497, 2009GQC0