2016年北师大版必修一Unit 1 lifestyles language points 学案.doc

Unit 1 lifestyles language points 学案1As_long_as I get good marks in my tests，it doesnt matter if I can speak English or not.(教材P4)只要我能在考试中取得好成绩，我是否能说好英语就无关紧要了。(1)as long as 只要；长达As/So long as you dont lose heart，you will succeed sooner or later.只要你不灰心，你早晚会成功的。【提示】as long as与so long as在表示“只要”之意时通用，没有肯定或否定句式的限制。as long as 只要，相当于so long asas far as 远达；直到as much/many as多达as.as possible尽可能Some villagers in Yunnan have to go as far as 5 kilometres to fetch water now.现在，云南一些村民必须到5公里外去运水。The boss earns as much as 100,000 dollars a year.这个老板每年能挣10万美元。完成句子I shall love you _(只要我有一丝呼吸)He spent_(长达三小时来做家庭作业)every day.【答案】as long as I have breathas long as three hours doing his homework(2)matter vi.要紧；有重大关系(常用于否定句和疑问句中)Does it matter a great deal to her whether they come or not？他们是否来，这与她有很大关系吗？It doesnt matter who/why/what/where/how/that.没关系/无所谓It doesnt matter.(口)没关系(表示你并不生气或介意)；无所谓(用于表示选哪个都可以)。matter n事情，问题；物质Whats the matter？/Something is the matter./Nothing is the matter./Is there anything the matter?(口)怎么了？/有点问题。/没什么问题。/有什么麻烦吗？as a matter of fact(口)事实上，实际上，其实no matter 无论；不管Its a matter of.是的问题It doesnt matter what you wear，as long as you look neat and tidy.你穿什么衣服都无所谓，只要看上去干净整洁就行。Ive broken a cup by mistake.It doesnt matter.我不小心打碎了一个杯子。没关系。Whats the matter with Bill？His eyes look red.比尔怎么了？他的眼睛看上去红红的。As a matter of fact，we are in the same school.实际上，我们是同一个学校的。No matter how hard he studies，he cant catch up with his twin sister.无论他多么努力地学习，他还是赶不上他的双胞胎妹妹。【提示】在用what提问时，what在句中作主语，故在转化成宾语时，句子不用改变语序。例如：Whats the matter with you?完成句子_(事实上)，he is the tallest in our class._(怎么了)？You look as if you have been crying.【答案】As a matter of factWhats the matter2relaxing adj.轻松的；放松的I think a shepherds life is peaceful and relaxingbut maybe its boring sometimes.(教材P7)我认为牧羊人的生活是宁静的、轻松的不过可能有的时候令人厌烦。I found listening to music very relaxing.我发现听音乐非常放松。relax v放松，使放松；轻松，使轻松relaxed adj.轻松的；放松的relaxation n放松，松弛；消遣，娱乐The music will help to relax you.音乐会使你感到轻松。Always try to play as relaxed as possible.可能的话，经常试着去放松地去玩。Fishing is his favorite relaxation.他最喜爱的消遣是钓鱼。【提示】relaxed常用来修饰人，指“(人)感到放松、轻松”；relaxing常用来修饰事物，指“(某事物或事情)令人感到放松、轻松”。【教师备课资源】interesting 令人感兴趣的；interested 感兴趣的disappointing 令人失望的；disappointed 感到失望的surprising 令人吃惊的；surprised 感到吃惊的用relax，relaxing和relaxed填空He appeared _ and confident before the match.He had a _ evening.Just _ and enjoy the movie.【答案】relaxedrelaxingrelax3until conj.& prep.直到为止I turn on the television and watch the childrens programmes and old movies until about halfpast ten.(教材P8)我打开电视，看看儿童节目，看看老片子，一直看到大约十点半。Sit here until she comes back.坐在这里等她回来。until用在肯定句中时，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。until引导的结构与否定句连用时，构成not.until.结构，主句所表达的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生，译成“直到才”；主句谓语动词往往为非延续性动词。until的常用句型：It was not until.that.直到才，用在强调句型中。not until放在句首时，主句的语序需要用部分倒装。You may stay here until the rain stops.你可以留在这儿直到雨停。He wont go to bed until (till) she returns.直到她回来他才去睡觉。It was not until yesterday that we knew about it.直到昨天我们才知道那件事。Not until I came back did she go away.直到我回来她才离开。【对接高考】(2011全国卷)This shop will be closed for repairs _ further notice.AwithBuntilCfor Dat【解析】句意：这家店将停业装修，营业时间另行通知。until further notice 表示“在另行通知前”。【答案】B句型转换She didnt set foot in England until 2013._(倒装句)_(强调句)【答案】Not until 2013 did she set foot in England.It was not until 2013 that she set foot in England.4switch vt.转换；转变n.开关；转变Then I get up，go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.(教材P8)接着我起床，下楼，打开客厅的电视。His father switched on the light.他爸爸打开了电灯。You pressed the wrong switch.你按错了开关。switch on(turn on)把开关打开；接通switch off(turn off)把关掉；关上switch over转换频道；转变switch.to.把转换为How do you switch this thing on?这东西怎么打开？Dont forget to switch off all the lights before leaving the office.离开办公室前别忘记关掉所有的灯。Weve switched over to telephone banking.我们已经改用电话银行服务了。用适当的介/副词填空Switch the lights_when you leave.She switched from fulltime work_parttime work.Switch_if you dont like the programme.Its time to watch news on TV. Please switch_the TV set.【答案】offtooveron5while当的时候I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.(教材P8)我总是随身携带着手提电视，坐在石墙上看，小狗则在我身旁绕圈。Please dont talk so loudly while others are working.当别人在工作时，请不要大声喧哗。while/when/aswhile表示一段时间和某一过程，必须跟延续性动词。when既可以表示时间段，也可以表示时间点。从句动词可为终止性的，也可为持续性的。as则表示两个动作同时进行，有时有伴随意味。可译为“一边一边”。They arrived while we were having dinner.我们在吃饭时他们来了。I jumped up when she called.她打来电话时我跳了出来。As he talked on，he got more and more excited.他继续谈着，越来越兴奋。用when，while，as填空_I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store._John arrived, I was cooking lunch.I was wandering through the street_I caught sight of a tailors shop.【答案】When/While/AsWhen when6work ones way through sth.自始至终忙于做某事；(通过努力)逐步达到Thirtysixyearold Bob Black is sitting at his desk and working his way through his paperwork.(教材P9)36岁的鲍勃布莱克正坐在写字台前忙着他的案头工作。She worked her way through the pile of documents.她从头到尾处理了那一堆文件。work ones way through school/college.半读；勤工俭学 lose ones way 迷路make ones way to.前往；到地方去feel ones way摸索前进find ones way out找到办法get in the way of挡住的去路He lost his way in the forest.他在森林中迷路了。We made our way down the hill towards the town.我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进 。At this early stage of the talk both sides were still feeling their way.在这谈判的初始阶段，双方尚十分谨慎。完成句子她须半工半读学习法律。She had to _law school.午饭后，我就到教室去了。After lunch I _ the classroom.他在黑暗中摸索着走到门口。He _the door in the dark.【答案】work her way throughmade my way tofelt his way to7go off(爆竹、铃等)响；熄灭；变质；离开(尤指去做某事)；(机器等)停止运转；进展I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.(教材P9)我一般在闹钟响前5分钟就醒了。The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off.防盗自动警铃一响，盗贼立刻逃走了。go after 追赶；追逐；追求go ahead 干吧；做吧go out 熄灭；过时 go away 走开；离去Were both going after the same job.我们俩都谋求得到这份工作。Go ahead and do what you like.去吧，喜欢干什么就干什么。Dont let the fire go out；theres plenty of wood.不要让火灭了，有的是木柴。【教师备课资源】go in for喜欢； 参加go down吞下；(物价)下跌go against 违背；不利于 go over 检查；复习go for 想要得到；攻击 go through经历；遭受写出下列句子中go off的汉语意思Suddenly all the lights went off when we were studying in our classroom._My birthday party went off very well last night._The milk has gone off and you have to throw it away._I decided to go off to work as usual though it was raining heavily._【答案】灯/火等熄灭进行，进展食物等变质，变坏走，离开8take 花费It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash，get changed，have breakfast，leave home and get on a bus.(教材P9)我用不足15分钟的时间洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离开家并坐上公共汽车。 “名词take时间”表示“某事需要花多长时间”。“名词take sb. 时间to do sth.”表示“做某事需要花某人多长时间”。“It takes sb.时间to do sth.”表示“做某事需要花某人多长时间”，这是最常见的句型。询问“做某事需要花多长时间”，可以用“How long does it take.？”这一句型。The work will take two weeks.这项工作需要两周时间。The work will take us two weeks to finish.这项工作需要花我们两周时间来完成。It takes me half an hour to go to school.我需要花半个小时到学校。How long does it take to do your homework?你做家庭作业需要花多长时间？It takes about two hours.大约两个小时。 cost/take/spend/paycost，take，pay 和spend 都有“花费”之意，但其用法各不相同，区别如下：易混词主语常见搭配take物或itIt takes(sb.)some time to do sth.It takes some time (for sb.)to do sth.Sth.takes(sb.)some time续表pay 人Sb.pays for sth.Sb.pays some money for sth.spend人Sb.spends some time/money on sth.Sb.spends some time (in)doing sth.cost物Sth.costs sb.some moneyHe drew out 2000 yuan to pay for the television set.他为支付电视机款而取出二千元存款。Dont spend too much time watching TV.看电视不要看太长时间。My new car cost me a cool thousand pounds.我的新车整整花了我1000镑。 句型转换It took the expert 3 years to build the bridge._(spend)I spend ￥100 on books on computer each month._(cost)_(pay)【答案】The expert spent 3 years (in) building the bridge.Books on computer cost me ￥100 each month./I pay ￥100 for books on computer each month.9take up占据；拔起；升起；开始从事；继续；占用(时间、空间)；将(衣服)改短；一起唱，一齐说)；对某事产生兴趣Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.(教材P9)一天的大部分时间都在开会和打电话。The little time I had outside school was taken up with homework.我在课外的一点点时间都被家庭作业占用了。 take over 控制；管理；接任take down 记下；拿下take for 误以为；当作 take back 收回(话)Could you possibly take over the post?你能接任这个职位吗？The reporters took down the speech.记者们记下了这些话。He speaks German so well，that hes often taken for a native.他德语说得很好，常被误以为是德国人。I take back what I said.我收回我说的话。【教师备课资源】take off 脱下；请假take away 拿走；使离开take on呈现；承担；雇用 take in吸收；欺骗；理解 写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思Ill take up the story where I stopped yesterday._She took up acting while she was at college._A large working table takes up most space in his office._I first took up teaching after graduation._The skirt needs taking up._【答案】接着讲下去对产生兴趣占据空间开始从事将衣服改短10Every minute of the day is_filled_with_urgent matters.(教材P9)每一分钟都充斥着急待处理的事情。(1)be filled with充满着I am filled with admiration for your bravery.我由衷钦佩你的勇敢。fill vt.&vi.使充满；注入fill.with.把用充满fill(.)up with.充满fill in填写；填入be full of充满(表状态)His little daughter got up to fill my glass with hot tea.他的小女儿起身给我斟满了热茶。Shall I fill your car up?要我把你的车加满油吗？The bottle is full of fresh water.瓶子里装满清水。【提示】be full of和be filled with一样，都强调“充满”的状态，而主动形式fill.with.则强调动作。fill用法图解完成句子医生往瓶子里装入了一些药物。The doctor _ the bottle _ some medicine.句型转换Her eyes are filled with tears.Her eyes _ tears.【答案】filled；withare full of(2)urgent adj.急迫的；紧急的；紧要的This work is not urgent；we can do it tomorrow.这份工作不急，我们可以明天再做。Something urgent has come up.发生了紧急的事情。urgency n迫切；紧急urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地urge vt.催促；力劝This is a matter of great urgency.这是一件十分紧急的事情。I dont like to be in deep.Dont urge me to do so.我不想陷得很深，不要极力劝我去这样做。【教师备课资源】urgent call紧急电话urgent telegram紧急电报urgent mail急件 urgently adv.紧急地用urgent的适当形式填空No delay！We _ need these books.They _ us to give our support.It is _ that food and clothing should be sent to the sufferers.Work should be done in order of importance and _.【答案】urgentlyurged/urgeurgenturgency11When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so_that I can be ready for the next days work.(教材P9)大约晚上10点钟我才能回到家，到家后还要浏览从办公室带回的文件，为第二天的工作做准备。so that意为“目的是，为了”，相当于in order that。so that 既可以引导目的状语从句，又可以引导结果状语从句，意为“结果是，以至于”。Please speak clearly so that they may understand you.请说清楚些以便他们能听清你的话。The bus broke down，so that we had to walk.公共汽车出了故障，因此我们不得不步行。so/such.that.“如此以致”引导的结果状语从句：George had so little money that he had to get a job.乔治几乎没有钱，所以他不得不找工作。It was such a bad accident that several people got injured.事故很严重，好几个人受了伤。They are such interesting books that we all want to read them.这些书很有趣，我们都想读一读。 in order that/so that/in order to/so as toin order that相当于so that后面接句子；in order to与so as to后接动词原形；in order to在句中的位置比较灵活，句首句中都可以；so as to只位于句中，一般不置于句首。 单项填空Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea.Aas soon asBas a resultCin case Dso that【解析】句意：我喜欢早到20分钟，是为了有时间喝一杯茶。【答案】D句型转换We got up early so that we could catch the first train.We got up early _ we could catch the first train.We got up early _ catch the first train.【答案】in order that；in order to/so as to/to12complain about/of抱怨My family complains about it.(教材P9)我的家人对此总是抱怨。She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work.她因为感到自己在工作上不受赏识而常发牢骚。complain (to sb.)about sth.(向某人)抱怨某事complain that抱怨complaint n抱怨；埋怨make a complaint against对提出投诉make a complaint about/of sb./sth.对抱怨You are always complaining about having no chance of being promoted.你总是抱怨自己没有得到升职的机会。Almost immediately he began to complain(to us) that the pay he got was much too low.他几乎马上就开始(向我们)抱怨他得到的报酬太少了。【提示】complain后跟宾语从句时，只接that从句，不能跟sb.作宾语，若跟sb.，complain后须加to。 用介词填空She complained _ me _ his rudeness.A complaint has been made _ him.Many people are making complaints _ the high price of vegetables.【答案】to；about/ofagainstabout13besides adv.而且；此外Besides，I get bored if theres nothing to do.(教材P9)而且，如果没事可做我会感到无聊。Its too late to go for a walk now；besides，it begins to rain.现在出去散步太晚了，何况又开始下雨了。 besides作副词时相当于in addition。besides作介词时，意为“除之外”，相当于in addition to。I dont really want to go with you now.Besides，its too cold outside.我现在真的不想和你一起走。再说外面太冷了。Besides Tom，I also have other friends in Beijing.除了汤姆以外，我在北京还有其他的朋友。 besides/except/except for/apart frombesides表示“除之外(还)”，除去的部分包括在整体之内，常和other，more，else等词连用，后面接名词、代词和动名词。except和but意义相同，表示除去的部分不包括在整体之内。except常和表示全体概念的词连用，如everything，all，nothing等，其后常接名词、代词、不定式、从句或介词短语。except for强调整体与部分的关系，意为“除以外”，主要用来肯定整体，否定部分。apart from为介词短语，意为“除之外”，既可意为包括在内，也可意为不包括在内。后接名词或动名词。His family is poor，so he has no choice except to study hard.他家境贫穷，因此除了努力学习以外，他别无选择。Your composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes.你的作文除了个别拼写错误外，整体上很好。Apart from basketball，he also likes football.除了篮球以外，他还喜欢足球。【对接高考】(2011江西高考)The house was too expensive and too big._， Id grown fond of our little rented house.ABesidesBThereforeCSomehow DOtherwise【解析】句意：这个房子太贵太大。此外我已经对我的小的租用房越来越感兴趣了。根据前后句判断出为并列关系。Besides此外，表示并列；therefore因此，表示因果；somehow无论如何，表示转折；otherwise除此之外，表示转折。【答案】A 用besides，except，except for填空The movie was good _ the ending.I can answer all the questions _ the last.Who else is willing to go there _ Tom?【答案】except forexceptbesides观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会一般现在时和现在进行时的用法。For lunch，I have biscuits and a glass of milk.I like the main news at six oclock.I am always the first person to get to the office.Brian Blakey is sitting on his sofa and telling me about his perfect day.Bob Black is sitting at his desk and working his way through his paperwork.自我总结1.上述句子，句时态为_；句时态为_。2一般现在时的形式是用动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式，表示_的动作，常和often，every day等时间状语连用；现在进行时的形式是am/is/are doing，表示_的动作，常和at the moment等时间状语连用。【答案】一般现在时现在进行时经常发生现在正在进行 一般现在时与现在进行时一、一般现在时的用法1表示习惯性、经常性的动作。I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。2表示此时此刻存在着的状态，这种状态有一定的持续性。He studies hard.他学习很努力。3表示客观真理、科学事实、格言及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。The earth moves round the sun.地球围绕太阳转。4用在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作。Ill tell you when she comes.她来时，我会告诉你。5表示按时间表拟定的或安排好的事情，或要发生的动作。常用于这种情况的动词有 come，go，run，st